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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We reported a 72-year-old male with ischemic oculopathy due to ophthalmic artery stenosis followed by ipsilateral border zone infarction due to internal carotid artery stenosis. The patient had history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. He had severe headache and visual disturbance of the right eye. He was diagnosed right neovascular glaucoma and left diabetic retinopathy (simple type), and received diuretics, beta-blockade and other anti-hypertensive drugs. One month later, he noticed left mild hemiparesis in a morning, and he experienced progression of left hemiparesis over a week. He was admitted to our hospital on the 11th day. He showed left complete hemiplegia, left sensory disturbance, anosognosia and left unilateral spatial neglect. His right eye was diagnosed neovascular glaucoma but left eye was normal. The 5th days CT showed low density area in the right terminal zone and bilateral periventricular lucency. At the same area, the 46th days MRI showed high intensity area in the T2-weighted image and low intensity area in the T1-weighted image. Cerebral angiography performed on the 33rd day, disclosed severe kinking at the cervical segment and 50% stenosis at the intracavernous segment in the right internal carotid artery, and 90% stenosis and post-stenotic dilatation of the right ophthalmic artery. Left internal carotid artery had each 60% stenosis at the cervical segment and the intracavernous segment. Left ophthalmic artery had severe stenosis from its beginning to distal part. This infarction was considered berder zone infarction by it's localization (terminal zone) and internal carotid artery stenosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of ischemic oculopathy followed by border zone infarction]. 258 88

8 patients with severe progressive diabetic retinopathy despite continued mild carbohydrate intolerance on diet therapy alone were studied; each patient had presented initially with visual deterioration and none had experienced hyperglycaemic symptoms. By comparison with 8 carefully matched diet-treated diabetics without retinopathy, the retinopathy patients had increased circulating growth hormone levels and relative insulin deficiency. Several other factors of possible importance in the aetiology of microangiopathy, including circulating intermediary metabolites, platelet aggregation, blood viscosity, and lipids were similar in the two groups. It is possible that hypoinsulinaemia together with growth hormone excess may contribute to the development of eye disease in these patients with otherwise mild diabetes.
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PMID:Severe retinopathy and mild carbohydrate intolerance: possible role of insulin deficiency and elevated circulating growth hormone. 286 8

Two hundred thirty subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes were followed up longitudinally by measuring glycohemoglobin values to relate glucose control with renal and retinal complications. Subjects with long-term poor control (glycohemoglobin values greater than 1.5 times the upper limit of normal) had 3.6 times the prevalence of microalbuminuria and 2.5 times the prevalence of level 3 to 6 retinopathy than that found in subjects with long-term good control (glycohemoglobin values within 1.33 times the upper limit of normal). Variables related to kidney damage were glucose control and, to a lesser degree, duration of diabetes. Variables related to eye disease were, in descending order of significance, duration of diabetes, glucose control, and age. No subject whose mean glycohemoglobin value was consistently within 1.1 times the upper limit of normal had retinopathy or microalbuminuria. In contrast, when the mean glycohemoglobin value was more than 1.5 times the upper limit of normal, 24 (29%) of 82 subjects had microalbuminuria and 30 (37%) of 82 had level 3 to 6 retinopathy.
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PMID:Glucose control and the renal and retinal complications of insulin-dependent diabetes. 236 95

Home blood glucose monitoring has been introduced as a means to achieve good control in patients with diabetes mellitus. Many patients use color-reagent strips and color comparisons to determine blood glucose levels. Intact color vision in the blue-yellow range is necessary for accurately interpreting these strips.Blue-yellow vision deficits occur as a consequence of eye disease and are not genetic or sex-linked. We evaluated blue-yellow vision acuity in 70 diabetic patients and in 19 age-matched control subjects. The patients with diabetes were subdivided according to their degree of retinopathy as follows: no disease (N = 14), nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (N = 16), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (N = 14) and postlaser-treated (N = 26). None of the control group had deficits. Each group of diabetic patients had a statistically significant increase in color vision deficits compared with the controls. In the laser-treated group, deficits occurred in most patients, were more severe and were significantly increased over all other diabetic subgroups. These deficits may impair visual interpretation of home blood glucose monitoring strips.
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PMID:Blue-yellow vision deficits in patients with diabetes. 349 70

In a double-blind group comparative study, 36 adult, birch pollen-allergic outpatients with seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis, were treated with either oral prednisolone 7.5 mg daily for 3 weeks or an injection with 2 ml suspension of betamethasone dipropionate and betamethasone disodium phosphate (Diprospan) immediately prior to the birch pollen season. Both treatments were able to prevent an increase in symptoms from the nose and the eyes during the 3-week birch pollen season. There was no significant difference in symptom score or nasal peak flow between the two treatments. However, there was a significant suppression of adrenal gland function after oral prednisolone treatment in contrast to Diprospan treatment. Unless there are contraindications for treatment with depot steroid injections (children, pregnant women, patients suffering from peptic ulcer, tuberculosis, eye disease, herpes, hypertension or diabetes) it seems to be a reasonable alternative to oral prednisolone in hay fever patients.
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PMID:Intramuscular betamethasone dipropionate vs. oral prednisolone in hay fever patients. 359 39

Ultrastructural morphometric techniques were used to quantify pericyte degeneration in retinal and uveal capillaries of streptozotocin-diabetic rats in order to assess the suitability of this small rodent model of diabetes for studies of the pathogenesis of microvascular eye disease in diabetic humans. Male, Sprague-Dawley rats were killed by intraaortic perfusion of fixative 6 and 9 mos after induction of diabetes with 50 mg/kg streptozotocin. No differences were evident between diabetics and age-matched controls in capillary circumference, numbers of endothelial cells per capillary, and capillary cytoplasmic area of retinal, choroidal, and iridial vessels. Capillary basement membrane width and the percentage of the capillary circumference covered by pericytes were increased in retinas of diabetic vs age-matched control rats after 9 mos of diabetes (P less than 0.05), but no differences were evident in the number of pericyte processes per capillary and the percentage of vessels with pericyte nuclei. No differences in pericyte distributions were observed between control and diabetic rats in the choriocapillaris and iris after 9 mos of diabetes. These findings indicate that retinal capillary basement membrane thickening precedes any evidence of pericyte degenerative changes and suggest that pericyte degeneration analogous to that associated with human diabetic microangiopathy does not occur in this experimental animal model.
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PMID:Absence of degenerative changes in retinal and uveal capillary pericytes in diabetic rats. 370 20

Many ophthalmological disorders are due to poor local microcirculation, examples being central retinal vein occlusion, acute retinal artery occlusion, and ischaemic eye disease. Generalized changes have been found in arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and arteriosclerosis. It is only at a few places that the microcirculation can be investigated non-invasively in man, and in this connection the retina is of particular interest because it is one of the regions supplied by the intracranial part of the internal carotid. The retinal blood supply is divided into four clearly separate quadrants, normally not communicating via anastomoses. The time of the arteriovenous passage (AVP) can therefore serve as a good indicator of retinal microcirculation. This parameter was measured before and after treatment in patients with diabetic retinopathy, angiosclerosis of the fundus, and lacunar stroke. Video fluorescence angiography reveals the abnormalities of the microcirculation in the area supplied by the carotid artery and can be used to check on therapeutic effects.
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PMID:Measurement of retinal blood flow in various pathological conditions by video fluorescence angiography. 378 45

A medical diabetic clinic was examined for evidence of diabetic eye disease. Of 681 patients invited for ocular examination 96.6% attended for screening. The results for insulin dependent diabetics (IDDs) and non-insulin dependent diabetics (NIDDs) were analysed separately and the major findings were: Cataracts were present in 40.8% of IDDs and 46.2% of NIDDs, with an increased incidence with advancing age. For younger age groups there were significantly more cataracts in IDDs than in NIDDs (p less than 0.001). Cataract extraction was required in 4.2% of the patients, which is higher than the general population. The presence of retinopathy was related to the duration of diabetes (p less than 0.001) but not to age of onset of diabetes. Retinopathy was found in 43.4% of IDDs and 20.1% of NIDDs. Sight threatening retinopathy was present in 13.3% of IDD and 4.3% of NIDD eyes. Advanced diabetic eye disease was seen in 0.6% of eyes.
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PMID:Ophthalmic survey of a diabetic clinic. I: Ocular findings. 379 Apr 79

Nine patients have been followed ophthalmologically since starting continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for periods ranging from 16 to 48 months. All patients had eye disease related to their diabetes. Seven patients had proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and all these required laser treatment, six while undergoing CAPD. PDR was considered to have progressed during CAPD in four patients.
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PMID:The effect of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis on diabetic eye complications. 386 13

A prevalence study of diabetic eye disease was conducted in Newcastle during 1977-1978. Ophthalmoscopic retinopathy was found in 49% of 1210 clinic diabetics, while vision-threatening retinopathy (VTR) (proliferative signs of maculopathy) occurred in 13%. Maculopathy was the commonest cause of visual loss, occurring frequently in subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes. This group has now been followed for up to seven years (including 70% at four years); incidence rates for the development of retinopathy and for progression to a vision-threatening stage can now be estimated. The study found that diabetics with no retinopathy developed this at a rate of 8% per year, while only 0.4% per year progressed to VTR. However, once any retinopathy was present, progression to VTR occurred in 6% per year (2% proliferative and 4% maculopathy); and if any retinal signs indicating the presence of capillary closure were noted the rate was 13% per year. These rates are for the group overall: however, certain parameters were found to influence the progression in individual patients. Included were the age at onset and the duration of diabetes, the presence of poor control (particularly in older diabetics on oral agents) or associated nephropathy. An analysis of these data and their implications for routine eye screening of diabetics is presented.
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PMID:Development and progression of diabetic eye disease in Newcastle (1977-1984): rates and risk factors. 401 77


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