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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nineteen cases of cystitis were diagnosed at necropsy and/or by histology in a group of 170 (96 females, 74 males) guineapigs (11.2%). Seventeen of the 19 cases (89.4%) were females. The mean age of guineapigs with cystitis was 34.7 months, which was higher than the mean age of 24 months of the 170 members of the study group. In addition, 6 cases of urolithiasis and cystic calculi in 5 females and one male were also found in the 170 guineapigs (3.5%). The mean age of the 6 cases was 30 months, which was also higher than the mean age of the 170 animals. The study suggests that aged female guineapigs were much more predisposed to cystitis and urolithiasis or cystic calculi than male and young guineapigs. The cause may be related to infection with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus sp, cystic calculi, diabetes mellitus and female guineapig urogenital anatomy and function.
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PMID:Cystitis, urolithiasis and cystic calculi in ageing guineapigs. 219 34

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare but interesting disease. A case is reported of cystitis emphysema with acute pyelonephritis and uncontrolled diabetes. The patient was a 54-year-old woman complaining of gross hematuria and fever. A submucosa emphysema in bladder was found by cystoscopy . Radiography showed the gas around the bladder. The patient was administered antibiotics, then symptoms was improved. We reviewed 12 cases of emphysematous cystitis reported in Japan and summarized the pathophysiologic features of this entity.
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PMID:[A case of emphysematous cystitis]. 223 99

We have evaluated 283 consecutive hospital acquired urinary tract infections (HAUTI) in a University hospital (incidence 5.6% of admissions). In females, spontaneous, symptomatic and younger patient infections predominated, while in males HAUTI were mostly asymptomatic, after catheterization and in elderly patients. Chronic nonfatal diseases--particularly neurologic disease and diabetes--, old age, previous antibiotic use, the postoperative period, and cancer were the major general predisposing factors, mostly because they involved urological procedures. There was an urethral catheter in 78% of cases, with questionable indication or maintenance in 37%. In 65% of cases there were clinical data attributable to HAUTI; however, on strict criteria only 5% of pyelonephritis and 24% of cystitis were detected. Mortality rate was 0.4%. Etiology was E. coli in 29%, Proteus in 13%, Enterobacter in 12%, enterococcus in 11.5%, Serratia in 7%, Pseudomonas in 6.5%, and Klebsiella in 6.5%. There were differences regarding endogenous and hospital flora on the basis of sex, hospital situation, catheterization, mobility, and previous duration of hospitalization. The microbial resistance pattern was high in the hospital flora. The major therapeutical problem was the high number of unnecessary treatments representing the automatic medical response to the finding of a positive urine culture.
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PMID:[Nosocomially acquired infection of the urinary tract]. 249 Aug 55

The effect of insulin on the incidence of experimental Serratia marcescens cystitis in alloxan-induced diabetic mice was studied. The symptoms in diabetes were improved by injection of insulin (1 I.U./b.i.d.) for 3 days. Diabetic mice treated with insulin showed lower susceptibility to cystitis with S. marcescens than non-treated diabetic mice, but slightly higher than normal mice. It was, therefore, suggested that the insulin treatment was important for prevention of S. marcescens cystitis. The prevention of cystitis in insulin-treated diabetic mice was possibly due to the increase of urea nitrogen that inhibits the growth of S. marcescens in urine.
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PMID:[Effect of insulin on the incidence of experimental Serratia marcescens cystitis in diabetic mice--relationship between insulin therapy and urea nitrogen content]. 269 44

Since 1982, we have performed 384 courses of CHOP chemotherapy for 89 patients with malignancy including 70 with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, adhering to the original regimen as strictly as possible. As severe acute reactions, myelosuppression, fever, arrhythmia, hemorrhagic cystitis, and perforation of duodenal ulcer were seen. Rates of fever had no tendency to increase with advancing age. Three patients only with diabetes mellitus had no severe side effects. Three patients with liver cirrhosis showed severe myelosuppression and fever. One patient both with liver cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus died from the infection due to CHOP chemotherapy, however the other febrile patients did not have life threatening infection. Thirty three percent (11/33 courses) of the patients with obesity experienced severe myelosuppression (WBC less than 1,000), while 55% (33/60 courses) of the patients without obesity. However satisfactory treatment results were not obtained in the patients with obesity. We consider that CHOP chemotherapy is excellent in feasibility even for the aged patients or the patients with diabetes mellitus. However, we suggest that the dose of CHOP chemotherapy should be reduced for the patients with liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:[Feasibility of CHOP chemotherapy--with special reference to age, diabetes mellitus, liver cirrhosis and obesity]. 273 36

The traditional criterion of 10(5) colony-forming units (CFU) per milliliter of urine to diagnose urinary tract infection was based on studies of pregnant and nonpregnant women with asymptomatic bacteriuria or acute pyelonephritis. Recent studies of symptomatic women revealed that urine cultures in approximately one third of those with confirmed urinary tract infections grew only 10(2) to 10(4) CFU/mL. The major causes of acute dysuria among such women are urinary tract infection, sexually transmitted disease, and vaginitis. In most instances, it is possible to make the diagnosis based on clinical features. The major features of urinary tract infection are internal dysuria; frequency, urgency, and voiding of small volumes; abrupt onset; suprapubic pain; presence of pyuria. Presence of hematuria which occurs in about 50 percent of patients strongly suggests bacterial cystitis. Three to seven days of empiric antimicrobial therapy is indicated for these patients, with selection of a first-line antimicrobial agent that offers efficacy against Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus saprophyticus; reasonable cost; few side effects. Ampicillin is not recommended. Indications for culture include uncertain clinical features; history of previous infection within the past three weeks; duration of symptoms of more than seven days; recent hospitalization or catheterization; pregnancy; diabetes. To maximize the sensitivity and specificity of the urine culture in acutely symptomatic women, it is necessary to request the laboratory to report 10(2) to 10(4) CFU/mL.
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PMID:Protocol for diagnosis of urinary tract infection: reconsidering the criterion for significant bacteriuria. 304 81

The report discusses early-onset radiation injuries in the urinary bladder of more than 1000 patients with cancer of the cervix and corpus uteri. Clinical symptoms of such injuries were observed in 487 patients (44.3%). In 47 (10%), the lesions were pronounced. The degree of radiation-induced cystitis was evaluated on a 6-point scale used by WHO classification (1982). Said lesions mainly occurred at stage III of tumor and predominantly in cases of cancer of the corpus uteri. Complications development was stimulated by vascular lesions, diabetes mellitus and inflammatory processes in pelvic organs. Radiation injuries were treated by standard procedures as well as with immobilised trypsin administered in a cellulose powder vehicle. This method proved the most effective. Since patients suffering early-onset radiation-induced destructive injuries are at high risk of further exacerbation at later stages, they should be followed-up closely.
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PMID:[Prevention and treatment of early radiation reactions of the urinary bladder in patients with cancer of the cervix and corpus uteri]. 339 71

The prevalence and incidence of bacteriuria in 304 girls and 337 boys with type I diabetes was studied by screening for bacteriuria at their regular outpatient controls. In 90 girls and 108 boys a urine specimen was sampled every third month during a year. The prevalence of bacteriuria was 3/304 in girls and 0/337 in boys. During the one year follow-up one of the 90 girls had pyelonephritis and two cystitis while none of the boys had bacteriuria. It is concluded that the rate of urinary tract infection in young diabetic persons does not differ from that present in healthy young people.
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PMID:Urinary tract infection in children with type I diabetes. 398 32

Diabetic patients are said to be prone to infections. Several studies of different host defense mechanisms report defects in individual granulocyte functions and cell mediated immunity, especially in patients with poorly controlled diabetes. Diabetic females have an increased risk of developing urinary tract infections. This high susceptibility is probably due to local risk factors such as diabetic cystopathy and vaginitis, the latter being frequently associated with glucosuria. Urinary tract infections in diabetic individuals often have a complicated course which may be explained by the aforementioned compromised host defense mechanisms. Diabetics have an increased risk not only of lower, but also of upper urinary tract infections. Urinary tract infections such as emphysematous cystitis and pyelonephritis, as well as papillary necrosis as a complication of pyelonephritis, are not uncommon in diabetic patients. Rapid recognition and management of such complicated urinary tract infections is important.
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PMID:[Urinary tract infection in the diabetic patient]. 637 86

The finding of Torulopsis glabrata fungal cystitis has become increasingly evident. The presence of indwelling urinary catheters, diabetes mellitus, and prior antibiotic therapy are significant risk factors in its development. Three cases are presented exemplifying the presentation of this disease. A discussion of its diagnosis and a protocol for its management are outlined.
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PMID:Torulopsis glabrata fungal cystitis. 654 90


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