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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To test a methodology that used role-playing responses by nurses to simulated patient disclosures, a three-part investigation was carried out at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee. Four simulated patients-with diagnoses of diabetes mellitus, alcoholism with bleeding ulcer, ulcerative colitis, and cancer of the large intestine-tape recorded 20- to 30-second segments on 12 topics pertaining to their illness. Six topics dealt with the patients' physical problems; six with psychological aspects of the problems. In the tests for nurses' willingness both to listen and to pass along information to the next nurse, the 48 tape-recorded segments of patient information were played for 16 volunteer nurses in a laboratory set up for the purpose. Although the nurses had an option of listening or preparing a medication, they were expected to listen to at least 16 of the 48 segments. Following this, they were asked to tape record a report on the patient for the nurse who would follow them. The nurses, on average, listened to 29 of the 48 segments. The diabetic patient was listened to least; the cancer and the colitis patients each received a similar amounts of attention. The nurses gave substantial amounts of information as well as interpretive data about the patients so that the methodology seemed to prove that nurses could become sufficiently involved in a simulated patient setting.
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PMID:A role-playing simulation approach toward studying nurses' decisions to listen to patients. 103 15

The aim of the present study was to further elucidate acute and chronic manifestations of Yersinia enterocolitica infection. During the period 1974-83, 458 hospitalized patients were diagnosed by antibody response and/or isolation of the microorganism. 64 patients had suffered from chronic conditions as rheumatic disease, inflammatory bowel disease, hepatitis, nephritis or thyroid disease for some time. Acute hepatic, renal, cardiac, pulmonary, pancreatic or neurologic involvement were observed in a substantial portion of patients; several had multiorgan disease. Acute insulin-dependent diabetes was seen in 2 patients, malignant mesothelioma in 2, and specific lymph node inflammation in 1. The patients were followed for 4-14 years (1987). 36/160 readmitted patients had abdominal pain and 26 had diarrhea; chronic colitis was demonstrated in 4. Some patients developed rheumatic conditions; others developed chronic disease of liver, kidneys, heart, pancreas, thyroid or nervous system. Chronic liver disease, in 22 patients, was correlated with positive tests for antinuclear antibody and rheumatoid factor; and might influence development of malignant disease, and mortality. A variety of acute and chronic clinical pictures may be associated with Y. enterocolitica infection, and further clinical research is required in this field.
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PMID:A survey of acute and chronic disease associated with Yersinia enterocolitica infection. A Norwegian 10-year follow-up study on 458 hospitalized patients. 176 49

Clinical and experimental evidence suggests that shock, arthritis, osteoporosis, colitis, leukemia, diabetes, wasting and atherosclerosis are mediated, in part, by interleukin 1 (IL-1). Inhibition of this cytokine has been a strategy for studying disease and for new drug development. A naturally-occurring IL-1 inhibitor (IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-1ra) that blocks binding of IL-1 to its receptors has been cloned and produced in recombinant organisms. IL-1ra reduces the severity of sepsis, colitis, arthritis and diabetes in animals and is presently being tested in humans with arthritis, shock and myelogenous leukemia.
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PMID:Blocking IL-1: interleukin 1 receptor antagonist in vivo and in vitro. 183 80

In the literature an increasingly large body of evidence has revealed disturbances of zinc metabolism and a consecutive zinc deficit in a broad spectrum of chronic diseases. The authors call attention to the therapeutic benefit of zinc substitution mainly in chronic hepatic diseases, pancreatitis and colitis, as well as in diabetes and in several cases of immunodeficiency with various complications. Since suitable preparations are not available on the market 'possibilities concerning zinc substitution are rather limited. There is a real need for completing our therapeutic arsenal with an up-to-date zinc preparate, possibly in combination with a magnesium compound.
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PMID:[Clinical aspects of zinc]. 221 27

The term "obstructive colitis" refers to ulceroinflammatory lesions occurring in the colon proximal to an obstructing or potentially obstructing lesion. We studied nine cases identified over a 9-month period. The patients were predominantly female (only one was male), elderly (mean age, 73), and usually had hypertension, diabetes, or other prior chronic illness. The colonic obstruction was due to adenocarcinoma in seven cases and to diverticular disease in two cases. Areas of colitis occurred either as circumscribed ulcers 0.5-2 cm in diameter (three cases) or as confluent circumferential lesions 8-25 cm in length; they were always separated from the more distal obstructing lesions by a segment of normal colon measuring 2.5-35 cm (mean, 14.6 cm). The involved area of colon was usually only mildly dilated; it exhibited moderate thickening of the wall and had a granular luminal surface accentuated in areas by deeper longitudinal or transverse ulcers. Often there were scattered pseudopolyps, and the margin separating the lesion from normal mucosa was well demarcated and irregular. In one case, two distinct separate areas of colitis were present; in another, the appendix was acutely inflamed. Microscopically, the lesions were composed of granulation tissue with a mixed acute and chronic inflammatory infiltrate that replaced the mucosa and often the submucosa; sometimes it extended into the muscularis propria, with associated peritonitis and perforation. Many of the features of obstructive colitis suggest an ischemic origin, probably mainly due to hypoperfusion following raised intramural pressure, but altered fecal flora may have a synergistic effect. The features of the disease are usually sufficiently characteristic to distinguish it from Crohn's disease and other forms of colitis. Complications include peritonitis, perforation and breakdown of anastomoses made through involved segments of colon that may appear externally normal at surgery.
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PMID:Obstructive colitis. Ulceroinflammatory lesions occurring proximal to colonic obstruction. 237 93

The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of a thickened subepithelial collagen band in the colon, its relationship to diarrhea, and the clinical relevance of its detection. During a 3.5 year period (May 1985-January 1989), a total of 3,323 biopsy specimens were obtained during 6,254 colonoscopies. A subepithelial collagen thickening greater than 10 microns was found in 40 patients (1.5 percent of the patients). Further assessment of these 40 patients showed that this histological lesion was characterized by a frequent association with chronic diarrhea (in 36 patients, i.e. 90 percent) whatever the cause, with diseases such as diabetes mellitus (8 cases) or inflammatory arthropathies (6 cases) and with a microscopic colitis in all cases. Course of collagen thickening was variable and independent of clinical course. Diarrhea was a constant finding when the collagen thickening was greater than 15 microns and frequently improved (12 patients/14) during treatment with Collagenan. This study suggests that a subepithelial thickened collagen band is an uncommon change in the colon and is frequently associated with chronic diarrhea. The significance of this morphological change is unknown, and its contribution to the pathogenesis of the diarrhea remains questionable.
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PMID:[Collagen colitis. Reflections apropos of 40 patients]. 259 90

A previously healthy 59-year-old man received chlorpropamide 250 mg/day for adult-onset diabetes. Within 1 month of starting the drug, he developed cholestatic jaundice and pseudomembranous colitis. The colitis worsened during subsequent treatment with multiple antibiotics and sulfasalazine. Oral vancomycin produced a prompt and total remission. One similar case of chlorpropamide toxicity manifested by jaundice and colitis has been previously reported. It is possible that the sulfonamide moiety of the chlorpropamide was implicated in the development of the colitis.
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PMID:Chlorpropamide-induced cholestatic jaundice and pseudomembranous colitis. 285 3

The clinical courses of 60 children suffering from ulcerative Colitis (UC, n = 21) and Crohn's disease (CD, n = 39) were investigated over a period of 8.7 and 5.1 years respectively. At the time of diagnosis all UC-patients showed mucohemorrhagic feces. Relapses often occurred after emotional stress and in 81% of all patients during the winter season. Typical late complications were arthritis (6/21), osteoporosis (6/21), allergic diseases (8/21) and diabetes mellitus (2/21). However, the psychosomatic development appeared normal in at least 17/21 of these patients. Generally the courses in children with CD were more serious. Despite intensive therapy 15/39 children developed an intestinal stenosis which was followed by bowel resection in 11 of them. Further complications were fistulas (6/39), abscess-formations (4/39) and osteoporosis (12/39) due to steroid therapy. Only 12/39 showed a significant catch-up growth. Interviews and psychological tests revealed that CD-patients were introverted with strong connections to their families. Equally they longed for approval and social contact with their contemporaries.
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PMID:[Follow-up of 60 children with ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease]. 321 Nov 68

The prevalence of radiation injuries was assessed in 155 of 206 surviving patients who had had radiation therapy for carcinoma of the uterus or vagina. The patients were examined according to a standardized protocol. 51 (32.9%) exhibited endoscopic proctitis, and in 10 of them sigmoid colon was also affected. The prevalence of colitis was 31 of 66 (47%) in patients treated for carcinoma of cervix and 19 of 86 (47%) in those treated for carcinoma of corpus. 41 (80.4%) had clinical symptoms (bleeding and diarrhea in 53% each). The mean time lag between radiation therapy and beginning of symptoms was 9 months. Histology was positive in only 24 (47.1%) of 51 endoscopically documented cases of proctocolitis. There was no increase in the prevalence of radiation injury after previous surgery of any kind. Nor was higher risk found in patients with hypertension, diabetes, or congestive heart failure. However, patients with low body mass were at increased risk (p less than 0.01). There was a dose-response relationship between total dose and endoscopic proctitis (p less than 0.001). The incidence was 0% below 40 Gy, 20% at 60 Gy and 50% at 90 Gy.
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PMID:[Radiation proctocolitis following gynecologic radiotherapy: an endoscopic study]. 365 78

After a brief reference on the so-called diseases of "civilisation" and on their correlations with a diet rich in refined high caloric carbohydrate having poor gastric filling capacity and therefore lacking in fibre, the authors present their experience on a new product, MF/D/80, which is an association of cereal and acid fruit fibres. 25 patients (3 men and 22 women) were treated, 22 of them suffered from chronic constipation and 3 from colitis. The experiment was carried out without the use of control drugs. The aim of the research was that of verifying the efficacy and tolerability of the product. The efficacy was optimal in 88%, good in 4% and modest in 2 cases (8%) of the entire number of cases while the tolerability has been optimal in all the cases. The Authors conclude the retaining that MF/D/80 is a product that can be used with enormous advantages in chronic constipation for its efficacy, optimal tolerability and for its mechanism of action. The Authors finally underline its usefullness as an "alimentary integrator" in all those diseases (obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis etc.) which among the various etiopathogenetic moments, also count in refined alimentation.
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PMID:[Clinical experience on a new substance with high fibre content (author's transl)]. 626 74


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