Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 57-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, myasthenia gravis, systemic lupus erythematosus, atopy, and basal cell cancer of the skin developed a severe Coombs'-positive autoimmune hemolytic anemia which was resistant to treatment with large doses of azathioprine, cytoxan, and prednisone. One year after transcervical thymectomy the hemolytic anemia disappeared and the patient has maintained a normal hemoglobin and negative Coombs' test without immunosuppressants even since. We believe this case report to be the first recorded instance of thymectomy-induced remission of autoimmune hemolytic anemia in an adult.
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PMID:Case report: Thymectomy-induced remission of acquired autoimmune hemolytic anemia in an adult with myasthenia gravis. 57 Aug 6

Although a correlation has been suggested between cigarette smoking and pancreatic cancer, studies on pathological changes in the pancreas of smokers are fragmentary. In the present study we examined histopathologically 73 pancreases obtained by autopsy from 42 heavy cigarette smokers and 31 non-smoker patients. One invasive adenocarcinoma (2 cm in diameter) and three small carcinomas (2-5 mm in diameter) were found in smokers and one small carcinoma in a non-smoker patient. Although the incidence of pancreatic cancer in smokers was higher than in non-smokers, the difference was statistically not significant. Of smokers with pancreatic cancer, 2 had lung cancer, 1 skin cancer, 1 colon cancer and 1 was free of any malignancies. Ductal changes, including mucinous or squamous cell metaplasia and papillary hyperplasia, were found with equal frequencies in both groups of patients. The type and the incidence of these ductal alterations were not related to smoking but to the age. Our results do not indicate that cigarette smoking increases the incidence of pancreatic cancer, although, the limited number of the sections of the pancreas examined, as well as exclusion of other important variables, such as alcohol, diet and diabetes weaken the value of this study.
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PMID:Comparative histopathological findings in the pancreas of cigarette smokers and non-smokers. 226 10

The screening practices of 146 members of the Society of Teachers of Family Medicine (STFM) and 129 members of the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) are compared. The screening practices of physicians from the two organizations were generally similar for psychosocial and behavioral problems, many forms of cancer, and numerous other conditions considered for inclusion in the routine periodic screening of asymptomatic individuals. However, for numerous diseases and tests, the screening practices of physicians from the two groups were significantly different. AAFP physicians were more likely to screen for lung and skin cancer, thyroid dysfunction, diabetes, and anemia, AAFP physicians were more likely to utilize chest x-ray, ECG, urinalysis, and SMA 6/12. STFM physicians were more likely to perform gonoccocal culture and tetanus-diphtheria immunization as well as to inquire about seat belt use. Three variables were found to predict physician screening practices as well as to account for the differences found between physicians drawn from the two organizations: completion of a residency in family medicine, year of graduation from medical school, and number of patients seen per week. Physicians reported practices were compared with recommendations in the major critical reviews: Frame and Carlson, Breslow and Sommers, the Canadian Task Force, and the American Cancer Society. For a number of tests and diseases physicians' reported practices were divergent with recent recommendations.
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PMID:Screening practices of family physicians: a comparison of STFM and AAFP members. 367 72

Subsequent cancer incidence was determined in the population-based incidence cohort of Rochester, Minnesota, residents diagnosed with diabetes mellitus between 1945 and 1969. The relative risk of having cancer, excluding cervical and non-melanoma skin cancers, was not significantly increased following the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. The potential biases of increased medical surveillance among diabetics and exacerbation of subclinical diabetes by occult malignancy did not appear to be important except in the case of subsequent pancreatic cancer.
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PMID:Subsequent cancer risk in the incidence cohort of Rochester, Minnesota, residents with diabetes mellitus. 706 98

In a study of 150 non-PUVA-treated patients with psoriasis matched against a control group of patients with diabetes, the incidence of skin cancer in the psoriasis group was 1.96/yr, which was three times that of the diabetes patients. This figure is statistically significant. The prevalence of internal cancer was only half that of the patients with diabetes. This figure, however, is not significant.
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PMID:Cancer in patients with psoriasis. 714 71

A typical patient with this uncommon premature aging syndrome was followed over a period of four and a half years until his death. He presented the characteristic clinical features, as well as the complications, of Werner's syndrome. About one hundred forty cases of this recessively inherited syndrome have been reported. Most patients become recognizable in their thirties by their short stature, typical facies, premature graying, hair loss, cataracts, atrophy of skin and subcutaneous tissue, and acral sclerosis. Advanced peripheral vascular disease occurs early; angina, skin cancer, diabetes mellitus, and internal malignancy are common. Most patients die before the age of fifty years either from complications of anteriosclerotic vascular disease or malignancy.
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PMID:Werner's syndrome. 735 90

Utilizing cause-of-death information and responses to questionnaires addressed to survivors, mortalities and health impairments in a cohort of workers occupationally exposed to pesticides were compared to occurrences in workers not pesticide exposed, over the period 1971-1977. Seventy-two percent of 2,620 pesticide-exposed workers, and 75% of 1,049 "controls", recruited in 1971-73, were accounted for either by returned questionnaire or mortality. Disease incidence rates were studied in relation to broadly defined occupational subclasses, and to serum concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCl) measured at the time of recruitment. Death by accidental trauma was unusually frequent among pesticide applicators. Mortalities from cancer and arteriosclerosis were not detectably different from those observed in the controls. Among survivors, dermatitis and skin cancer were unusually common in structural pest-control operators. Internal cancer was no more frequent in the intensively pesticide-exposed workers than in the controls, but it appeared to occur at an unusually high rate in workers characterized as "possibly pesticide-exposed". There were apparent associations between high serum pesticide OCl levels measured in 1971-73 and the subsequent appearance of hypertension, arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and possibly diabetes. This could imply a causal role of any of the pesticidal and other environmental stresses to which these workers were exposed. The limitations of this type of followup study are discussed.
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PMID:Morbidity and mortality in workers occupationally exposed to pesticides. 739 57

In elderly patients, even those with a typical venous (stasis) ulcer, coexisting conditions like peripheral arterial insufficiency and diabetes are very common. Therefore, all elderly patients with leg ulcers should have a complete medical assessment. The mainstay of treatment for venous ulcers is compression therapy, exercise and leg elevation at rest. Long term treatment with double bandages (zinc paste bandages and elastic compression), changed once weekly, is the recommended standard treatment in the elderly. Hydrocolloid dressings are also suitable for long term treatment in clean ulcers, and should be changed once or twice weekly and combined with compression. Sloughy, exudating ulcers might need redressing daily with a desloughing agent for a short period of time. The risk of sensitising patients with chronic leg ulcers is high and few topical preparations, with low antigenicity, should be used. Infection and ulcerated skin cancers should be ruled out in nonhealing ulcers if the patient complies with compression therapy. After healing, the patient should be advised to continue compression therapy with stockings to prevent recurrences. New noninvasive techniques for investigation of venous insufficiency can select patients suitable for venous surgery, but many elderly patients are not interested in surgery or have other ailments that prevent surgery.
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PMID:Optimal treatment of venous (stasis) ulcers in elderly patients. 783 86

There are three types of interferons (IFN), alpha, beta and gamma. IFN-alpha is produced in the leukocytes infected with virus, while IFN-beta is from fibroblasts infected with virus. IFN-gamma is induced by the stimulation of sensitized lymphocytes with antigen or non-sensitized lymphocytes with mitogens. It is believed that IFN-alpha and beta originated from the same ancestral gene, whereas IFN-gamma did not. IFN has not only an antiviral activity, but also various kinds of biological activities including cell growth inhibition, immunosuppressive effects, enhancement of macrophage, natural killer (NK) cell, killer (K) cell and neutrophil functions, and cell differentiation-inducing activity. IFN also shows the antitumor activity resulting from the integration of the above-mentioned biological activities. IFN is also deeply involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases, e.g., collagen diseases such as SLE and rheumatoid arthritis, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, fulminant hepatitis, severe pancreatitis, nephritis, multiple sclerosis, allergic diseases, and atherosclerosis. At present, IFN is clinically used in therapy against virus infections such as hepatitis B and C, and for malignancies such as renal cell carcinoma, multiple myeloma, malignant melanoma, glioblastoma, skin cancers, malignant lymphoma and chronic myelogenous leukemia.
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PMID:[Interferon-alpha, beta, gamma]. 799 28

Chronic leg ulceration is a very common clinical problem in the elderly. Good management depends entirely on making an accurate diagnosis, and planning treatment after considering all aspects of patient well-being. All elderly patients with leg ulcers benefit from an assessment of their vascular status, since the effects of gravity influence treatment and healing irrespective of the diagnosis. The most common causes of ulceration are venous and arterial disease. Diabetes mellitus, pressure, vasculitis, metabolic abnormalities and skin cancer are all unusual causes of leg ulceration, but must be considered in the differential diagnosis. Almost all patients with ulcerated legs benefit from the use of compression bandaging at a level appropriate to their vascular status. In patients with venous ulcers, this can be achieved with a number of bandaging techniques; however, multilayer bandaging appears to be the most cost-effective means available, particularly when combined with community-based leg ulcer clinics. The effects of oral drug therapy for venous and arterial disease have been disappointing. Local dressings are important in ulcers that are not suitable for compression therapy. The choice of dressing depends on the nature of the ulcer and the tolerability of the dressing for the patient.
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PMID:Optimal management of chronic leg ulcers in the elderly. 914 55


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