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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Saccharin and its salts are the most extensively consumed artificial sweeteners in the United States today. The current controversy about the risks of their use to human health has surfaced from research findings that report an increased incidence of cancer, primarily of the urinary bladder, in certain animal species and man chronically exposed to these agents. The April 1977 proposal by the Food and Drug Administration to restrict use of saccharin was based on these investigations. The intense public response against any ban has led to Congressional deliberations over the fate of saccharin during the present moratorium and information-gathering period. Since diabetic patients are among the principal users of this compound, it appears timely to review the evidence for and against its carcinogenic potential.
Diabetes Care
PMID:The saccharin controversy. 40 Jan 31

Because of alarming delays in the diagnosis and treatment of vertebral osteomyelitis we have reviewed our experience over the past 15 years. Of the 36 cases, 25 were pyogenic and 11 tuberculous. Because of late referral there was a delay from onset of symptoms to diagnosis of at least three months in 13 patients. The reason for this was the failure of the initial physician to consider osteomyelitis in the differential diagnosis of a febrile illness associated with back pain. The majority of our patients from the onset did not have intense localized pain, tenderness and a high fever which is the classical clinical picture in this condition. Seven patients with a long history required surgical exploration and debridement of the lesion in order to eradicate the infection. The remainder did well on 6 to 12 weeks of antibiotic therapy. None required spinal fusion. Ten of 11 patients with spinal tuberculosis had curettage of the lesion and spinal fusion. Patients with diabetes, malignancy, alcoholism, corticosteroid therapy and recent lower urinary tract surgery were found to be at particular risk of developing spinal osteomyelitis. Very often it was difficult to identify differences in the presentation of pyogenic and tuberculous infections.
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PMID:Atypical manifestations of spinal infections. 40 8

Growth rates of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary tumors and the specific 125I-labeled prolactin binding to membrane fractions prepared from livers and tumors were studied in rats made diabetic by streptozotocin injection. Growth was inhibited in a majority of tumors and prolactin binding was reduced in both tumors and livers from diabetic animals. Prolactin binding to individual tumors varied over a wide range in both intact and diabetic animals. Scatchard analysis of binding data revealed that the apparent affinity of prolactin binding to liver and tumor membranes was similar (Ka approximately 3.0 X 10(9) M-1) and was not affected by diabetes. We suggest that the reduction in prolactin binding to tumors may render these tissues less responsive to prolactin and thereby explain, at least in part, the observed inhibition of tumor growth in diabetic rats. However, some tumors in diabetic animals regressed despite relatively high levels of prolactin binding activity. Therefore, additional factors most certainly play important roles in the mechanism(s) by which the growth of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced tumors is impaired in the diabetic rat.
Cancer Res 1977 Nov
PMID:Prolactin binding to 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary tumors and liver in diabetic rats. 40 90

Insulin and estrogen binding have been determined in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary tumors of rats in various endocrine states. Hormonal therapy, such as diabetes and ovariectomy, resulted in differential effects on growth patterns and hormone binding of tumors coexisting in the same host or in different hosts. It was observed that tumors that continued to grow after the host was made diabetic (insulin independent) or started to regress after ovariectomy (ovarian dependent) demonstrated decreased insulin binding. Tumors that regressed in diabetic hosts (insulin dependent) or continued to grow in ovariectomized animals (ovarian independent) showed an increased insulin-binding capacity. No significant change in insulin binding was observed in tumors that remained static after ovariectomy or induction of diabetes. Estrogen binding in tumor cells from diabetic rats paralleled the pattern of tumor growth response to diabetes; insulin-independent tumors demonstrated a significant increase in binding compared to tumors from intact hosts, and insulin-dependent tumors showed decreased estrogen receptor levels. From these results, we conclude that (a) insulin plays a positive role in regulating estrogen-binding capacity, (b) ovarian hormones may play a role in regulating insulin-binding capacity, and (c) a relationship between insulin and ovarian hormones and the growth of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced tumors is strongly suggested and may have therapeutic implications.
Cancer Res 1978 Mar
PMID:Relationship between insulin and estrogen binding to growth response in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced rat mammary tumors. 41 34

A case of Listeria monocytogenes septicaemia with meningitis is described. Predisposing factors in this case included chronic liver disease, diabetes mellitus and liver malignancy. The infection responded poorly to ampicillin.
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PMID:Listeria monocytogenes meningitis: case report. 41 68

It is shown that daily oral administration of 5--10 mg of an antidiabetic biguanide-phenformin (phenethyl-biguanide) for 2.5--5 months suppressed DMBA-induced mammary tumour development in rats considerably. Phenformin-treated rats revealed-a tendency towards a decrease in blood insulin level (radioimmunoassay). The obtained data are regarded as additional evidence for the proposed existence of the same metabolic background of diseases of compensation, i.e. adult-onset diabetes, artherosclerosis and cancer, and suggest studies on possible antitumour effect of phenformin in man.
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PMID:Inhibition of DMBA-induced carcinogenesis by phenformin in the mammary gland of rats. 41 48

Hypoglycemia and hypoinsulinemia accompanied i.p. or i.m. growth of the Ehrlich tumor in CBA/H and BALB/c mice. Simultaneously, insulin accumulated in the ascitic fluid of tumor-bearing mice. In hosts rendered diabetic by means of alloxan, the tumor decreased the blood glucose almost to the level seen in nondiabetic mice. Tumor growth was retarded in diabetic hosts, but cells from such tumors, transplanted into secondary diabetic recipients, grew faster than in their primary diabetic hosts, similarly to "nondiabetic" tumor cells growing in nondiabetic hosts. This phenomenon of "adaptation" of the tumor to the diabetic state was prevented if diabetic tumor-bearing mice were daily treated with insulin. The tumor did not grow in all diabetic recipients; the frequency of takes correlated with severity of the diabetes, i.e., with the dose of alloxan given to induce it. The greater the dose, the less mice accepted the tumor. Insulin injection into diabetic tumor-bearing mice promoted the tumor growth. Simultaneous treatment of diabetes and the tumor afforded the best antitumor effect.
Cancer Res 1979 May
PMID:Growth and treatment of Ehrlich tumor in mice with alloxan-induced diabetes. 42 13

An optimal diet cannot yet be defined. If we knew what an optimal diet was, additional research in nutrition would not be necessary. There is abundant evidence, however, that the usual American diet is not optimal and adequate reason to recommend modification. Current dietary recommendations were developed to prevent the occurrence of nutritional deficiency disease in the 1930's and 1940's. They have been largely successful. They were made, however, before any knowledge was available about the effects of diet upon chronic disease which now represent the primary health problems of the United States. Large amounts of data are available indicating the kids of recommendations which should be made to control hypercholesterolemia--a primary risk factor of coronary artery disease. These kinds of data together with less information upon diet and cancer, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, etc. lead to sensible and consistent dietary recommendations to moderate the dietary practices of most Americans.
Cancer 1979 May
PMID:Optimal nutrition. 44 85

A case is reported of a diabetic patient with a nasopharyngeal neoplasm who developed radiation induced brainstem damage even though irradiated at a conventional time-dose-volume relationship. The clinical course was correlated with autopsy findings which revealed radiation changes in the brainstem consisting primarily of vascular hyalinization with foci of infarction, edema, and demyelination. Atherosclerotic changes were conspicuously absent and therefore not the case of the alterations. The changes occurred three months after completion of therapy, which was more rapid than expected for radiation injury. It is hypothesized that diabetes may have predisposed the patient to this severe complication of standard therapy. More needs to be learned concerning the relationship between diabetes mellitus and radiation complications. Perhaps a modified time-dose relationship should be considered.
Cancer 1979 Jun
PMID:Central nervous system changes complicating the use of radiotherapy for the treatment of a nasopharyngeal neoplasm in a diabetic patient. 45 19

A 54-year-old male with diabetes, weight loss, glossitis and Candidiasis presented with the typical cutaneous eruption of necrolytic migratory erythema. The suspicion of pancreatic glucagonoma was confirmed by an elevated plasma glucagon level. Surgical removal of the pancreatic alpha cell tumor resulted in a complete disappearance of all symptoms. The importance of the recognition of the skin eruption of necrolytic migratory erythema as a clue to the presence of pancreatic glucagonoma is emphasized.
Cancer 1979 Aug
PMID:Necrolytic migratory erythema, presenting as candidiasis, due to a pancreatic glucagonoma. 47 69


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