Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

205 patients with endometrial carcinoma, excluding carcinoma in situ, were seen in 1 private practice between 1947-1976. A control for each case was chosen from patients who had had a hysterectomy for a benign condition. Average age of patients with cancer was 56.5 years and parity 1.5. The cancer patients weighed significantly more than controls. A history of diabetes was recorded for 8 study patients, and 1 control. Of the 205 cancer patients, 55, and of the control patients, 31, had used some form of estrogen-containing medication. The relative risk (RR) for all users of systemic estrogens was 2.6. Most had used conjugated estrogens giving an RR of 3.1 for this form of the drug. There was no increased risk associated with vaginal estrogenic preparations or oral contraceptives. The RR increased with increasing duration of use, with no appreciable increase in the risk for those using the medication for less than 5 years. Those using these drugs for 5-9 years had a risk 11.5 times that of nonusers. Those using the 1.25 mg tablet had a risk markedly above that for users of the .3 or .625 mg tablets. The study group had more frequent histories of abnormal uterine bleeding than the control group. The lifetime risk of developing endometrial cancer is estimated as 2.2% for whites and 1.1% for blacks. A 70.9% 5-year survival rate and a 55.8% 10-year survival rate have been recorded. With early diagnosis, the cure rate may approach 95%. Many of the symptoms of women in the manopause may be alleviated by estrogenic therapy. Many of these women will have had a hysterectomy and no longer be at risk of endometrial cancer. Therefore, such therapy seems justified.
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PMID:Estrogens and endometrial carcinoma. 19 72

Locally recurrent, poorly differentiated carcinoma of the prostate was associated with hypokalemic alkalosis, marked hypernatremia, diabetes mellitus of recent onset, and hyperosmolar syndrome. These findings, with mild hypertension, in the absence of clinical features of Cushing's syndrome, suggested an ectopic ACTH syndrome. Plasma ACTH and cortisol levels were markedly elevated, and failed to suppress in response to either low or high-dose dexamethazone administration. The patient's condition deteriorated rapidly. Autopsy findings included carcinoma extensively infiltrating the prostate with extension to the urinary bladder, and metastases confined to the pelvic nodes and soft tissues. The adrenal glands weighed 23 g and showed diffuse hyperplasia. Extract of the prostatic tumor was analyzed for ACTH and showed approximately 40 times normal plasma levels (or about 4,010 pg/g of tissue); ultrastructural features showed secretory granules consistent with ACTH content of the tumor cells. Such cells were positive when stained for ACTH by peroxidase-tagged immunochemical methods. The case fulfills all established criteria for relating excess corticosteroid production and nonpituitary tumors.
Cancer 1977 Aug
PMID:Ectopic ACTH, prostatic oat cell carcinoma, and marked hypernatremia. 19 43

Approximately 70% of primary 7,12-dimethylbenz(alpha)-anthracene-induced mammary tumors regressed when (tumor-bearing) rats were made diabetic after treatment with streptozotocin. In the intact animal, cyclic adenosine 3':5"-monophosphate (cAMP) levels of tumors that regressed following the induction of diabetes were initially 4-fold lower than in unresponsive tumors but increased 4-fold during regression. The insulin-independent tumors showed no statistically significant changes. cAMP binding in cytosol of regressing tumors was about 80% above the initial values at 36 hr after therapy but decreased to about 45% 1 week later. On the contrary, the binding capacity of the nuclei showed a 56% increase at 36 hr and increased gradually to about 3-fold 1 week later. Within 36 hr after treatment, total histone kinase activity increased 127% in the cytosol and 153% in the nuclei of regressing tumors. The increment of histone kinase activity was almost totally in the cAMP-dependent component of the enzyme. These changes were not apparent in insulin-independent tumors. The results are interpreted to indicate that mammary tumor regression due to diabetes involves the cAMP system and occurs through a sequence of events similar to those observed during regression induced by either ovariectomy or dibutyryl cAMP (cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate) treatment.
Cancer Res 1979 Jul
PMID:Cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate and protein kinase activity in insulin-dependent and -independent mammary tumors. 22 Nov 6

A 34-year-old man presented with classic glucagonoma syndrome manifested by weight loss, dermatitis, stomatitis, anemia, and mild diabetes mellitus. The diagnosis of glucagonoma was made by light and electron microscopic demonstration of a metastatic alpha cell carcinoma in a liver biopsy specimen. Plasma glucagon concentration was abnormally high. The patient also had symptoms and signs of involvement of the central nervous system. Radionuclide and CAT scans of the brain, negative CSF cytology and myelography excluded the possibility of metastases or other space-occupying lesions. Glucagon was demonstrated in the CSF. We postulate that the neurologic symptoms were due to direct or indirect effect of this hormone on the brain. Following therapy with streptozotocin and 5-fluorouracil, the patient had a subjective and objective clinical and hormonal remission of his disease including amelioration of his neurological impairment.
Cancer 1979 Dec
PMID:Neurologic involvement in glucagonoma syndrome: response to combination chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil and streptozotocin. 22 32

A 10-year series of patients operated for insulinoma at Sahlgren's Hospital, Gothenburg, is presented. Twelve patients (three men, nine women) aged 26--70 years are included in the material. The patients had a history of recurrent hypoglycemic symptoms of 1 month to 20 years. Hyperinsulinism was established by determinations of blood glucose and plasma insulin in the fasting state. Selective angiography could show the tumor in 3 out of the 12 patients. A through pancreatic mobilization and palpation was performed during operation. Solitary pancreatic tumor was found in 10 patients, and 1 of them had also metastases in the liver. One patient had two tumors, one in the head and one in the tail of the pancreas. In one patient it was not possible to find any tumor at operation. Distal pancreatic resection and splenectomy were performed when the tumor was localized in the body or tail or when no tumor was found. Tumours in the head were excised locally. Microscopy showed insulinoma without malignancy in 10 patients, malignant tumor in insulae with metastases in the liver in 1 patient, and multiple adenomatosis of insulae in the patient without any palpable tumor. The 11 patients with benign disease were examined 1--10 years after the operation and had no signs of hyperinsulinism or of diabetes.
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PMID:A ten-year material of insulinoma: diagnosis and surgical treatment. 23 Dec 95

This brief review of abdominal emergencies is by no means encyclopedic. Indeed, it simply reflects the multiplicity of problems that can occur and suggests the need for a high index of suspicion and an optimistic attitude toward their solution. In addition, the surgeon must keep in mind the fact that cancer patients may also suffer acute abdominal distress from extra-abdominal causes such as pneumonia, myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, and hematologic abnormalities such as porphyria or sickle cell anemia. Inflammatory bowel disease, pelvic inflammatory disease, acute hepatitis or other similar problems more commonly seen in general hospital populations may also develop. Consultations for an acute condition of the abdomen in patients receiving marrow-suppressing chemotherapy are challenging problems and repeated examination every few hours is required to detect subtle changes. Hypovolemia, sepsis, confusion and unexplained metabolic acidosis may be the only criteria for surgical exploration. An unnecessary operation in a leukopenic and thrombocytopenic patient is indeed risky, but failure to drain an occult abscess or resect a perforated segment of bowel is always lethal. An additional consideration is the likelihood of response to further treatment of the underlying disease. Unless further effective therapy is unavailable, pessimism is unwarranted.
Curr Probl Cancer 1979 Oct
PMID:Abdominal emergencies. 31 58

For a population-based, case-control study of cancer of the endometrium in Greater Boston from 1965 through mid-1969, 440 cases were drawn from nearly all hospitals in the area; controls were drawn at random from the general population. The age-adjusted incidence rate was 18.1/100,000 woman-years, with a peak at ages 55-59 and a gradual decline thereafter. Information was provided from 212 cases and 1,198 controls by mall questionnaire. A trend of reduced risk of endometrial cancer with increased parity was noted, the relative incidence (RI) for multiparous women being 0.3 compared to a RI of unity for married nulliparous women. The association of risk with age at first birth was irregular. Early menarche (RI=1.6) and late menopause (RI=1.7) were associated with increased risk of disease. Endometrial cancer risk was also found to be directly related to socioeconomic status, relative weight, diabetes, hypertension, and arthritis. The findings supported the idea that hormone activity during, and perhaps after, reproductive life is an important cause of this disease.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1977 Oct
PMID:Epidemiology of endometrial cancer. 33 20

Men drafted into the Army, hospitalized during 1944 to 1945 for service-connected trauma to the extremities, and consequently separated for disability were followed for mortality from January 1946 to April 1977. Three groups were established consisting of those whose injury resulted in (a) limb amputation, (b) disfiguration without loss of body part, (c) loss of part of hand or part of foot. Group (a) had a mortality, standardized for age and calendar time, 1.4 times that of Group (b), matched on age and length of service at admission, and 1.3 times that of Group (c), similar on age and length of service to Group (a). The excess mortality of limb amputees was statistically significant (P less than .05) for ischemic heart disease, other diseases of the cardiovascular system, suicide by poisoning, alcholic cirrhosis, and cute pancreatitis. Possibly (P less than .1) there was also an increased risk of diabetes and cancer of the buccal cavity and pharynx.
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PMID:Report to the Veterans' Administration Department of Medicine and Surgery on service-connected traumatic limb amputations and subsequent mortality from cardiovascular disease and other causes of death. 39 10

At the Gynecological University Hospital in Marburg/Lahn, 190 women with cancer of the ovary who had been under clinical treatment from 1962--July 1976 were studied epidemiologically. Special risk factors which seem to predispose to the development of cancer of the ovary were determined. Higher social standing, having no children or having born more than four children, a shortened menarche-menopause interval, having had radiation of the pelvis, as well as having had an appendectomy seem to be factors overrepresented among cancer patients in Marburg. More patients had blood group A and fewer had blood group O than would be expected from the distribution in the population as a whole. Polyps of the corpus uteri were often seen to precede cancer of the ovary. Diabetes mellitus, adiposity, hypertension and varicosis were frequent accompanying diseases. Many patients had a fmily history of cancer.
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PMID:[Epidemiology of ovarian cancer]. 39 79

A bibliographical review of social differences in morbidity and mortality is presented. The data concerns France, Great Britain and U.S.A., only for recent years, and come from large surveys, health examinations, or morbidity or mortality registers. The social class variable may be the educational level, or a professional classification. Different aspects of mortality and morbidity are examined: cancer, cardio-vascular diseases, respiratory diseases, musculo-skeletal diseases, digestive diseases, obesity and diabetes, accidents, mental illnesses; acute and minor illnesses, and unusual illnesses, are no studied. For almost all the diseases in this review, the risk is greater in the lowest socioeconomic class.
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PMID:[Morbidity, mortality and social class. Bibliographical review covering differents aspects of pathology, and discussion (author's transl)]. 39 91


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