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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In comparing the indices in 105 patients with diabetes and in 75 healthy persons a possibility was revealed of significant disturbances of the contractile function of the myocardium also in young patients with diabetes without any clinico-instrumental signs of coronary atherosclerosis. This proves the significane not only of atherosclerotic changes in the development of myocardial pathology in diabetes, but alos of the metabolic ones. Against the opinion of some authors, when given in the usual therapeutic doses insulin failed to lead to negative shifts in the phasic structure of the left ventricle systole in diabetics. For the first time investigations of hemodynamics by the method of diluted Evans blue demonstrated an increase in the plasma volume and of the circulating blood mass, and a decrease of circulation velocity in diabetes.
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PMID:[The contractile capacity of the myocardium, the effect of insulin on it and indices of central hemodynamics in patients with diabetes mellitus]. 113 69

The known risk factors for atherosclerosis do not possess the same significance in young people as in the elderly. Hypercholesterolemia, diabetes and cigarette smoking appear to have a greater bearing below the age of 50 than later, particularly in myocardial infarction but also in apoplexy. On the other hand, hypertension is an important factor in the young and, especially in the case of apoplexy, even more so in advanced age. There is marked difference with regard to preexisting heart disease, which scarcely plays a role in myocardial infarction of the younger patient but is a factor in some 50% of hemiplegia cases. Only one fifth of elderly patients with this disease have no preexisting carcdiopathy. The similarity of the risk factors in elderly patients either with or without apoplexy is due to the fact that arteriosclerosis is already established in both groups and the risk factors which give rise to ischemia, thrombosis or embolism assume prominence. The therapeutic implications are briefly discussed.
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PMID:[Risk factors and age]. 113 58

Cerebral circulation velocity was studied by the method of radiociruclography in patients (101) with various forms of diabetes mellitus. There was revealed a decrease in this velocity in the majority (2/3) of these patients. Early preclinical forms of affections of the vessels of the brain were revealed, and the degree of these changes was established. This method permitted to detect an association between a disturbed cerebral circulation and the most frequent complication occurring in patients with diabetes mellitus (atherosclerosis and microangiopathies).
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PMID:[State of the cerebral circulation according to radiocirculographic data in patients with diabetes mellitus]. 114 15

Effects of phenformin on blood sugar, serum triglyceride, thrombin time, euglobulin clot lysis time and cardiovascular complications were studied in maturity onset diabetes and in atherosclerotic patients with or without diabetes, for a period of 14-18 months. Phenformin has shown the characteristic properties of an antifibrinopathic agent in that it prolongs thrombin time and enhances fibrinolysis. The hypoglycaemic effect of phenformin was found to be directly related to its antifibrinopathic action. Plasma lipids fell in all cases. Absence of fresh cardiovascular complications and improvement in anginal symptoms were observed. The metabolic, haematological and clinical benefits of phenformin and its limitations in maturity onset diabetes and atherosclerosis may be explained by the effects of the drug upon the thrombin-fibrinogen reaction. These results lend support to the hypothesis of a primary fibrinopathic pathogenesis in maturity onset diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis.
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PMID:Antifibrin action of phenformin. 114 44

Male and female, arteriosclerotic (breeder) and nonarteriosclerotic (virgin), Sprague-Dawley rats were made severely diabetic with alloxan. Two weeks later experimental animals had both carotid arteries ligated to induce a state of acute cerebral ischemia. After six weeks of cerebral ischemia either with or without severe diabetes the animals were killed. Animals which survived either the acute induction of diabetes or cerebral ischemia did not manifest any new episodes of cerebral ischemia. Subjects with combined diabetes and cerebral ischemia manifested the greatest loss in body weight, adrenal hypertrophy and thymus gland involution, increased levels of serum CPK and SGOT, but decreased SGPT and LDH, hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia, and the most extensive cerebral edema. It is suggested that diabetic rats may have a greater predilection toward cerebrovascular accidents because the diabetic state contributes not only to an exacerbation of atherosclerosis, but also complicates any condition of cerebrovascular ischemia by creating extracerebral edema.
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PMID:Chronic diabetes followed by chronic cerebral ischemia induced by bilateral carotid artery ligation in arteriosclerotic versus nonarteriosclerotic rats. 117 43

One hundred and ten patients with radiologically established peripheral atherosclerotic arterial disease were studied. None of them suffered from diabetes, endocrine disorders or renal disease. Their serum cholesterol and triglyceride values were compared with those of a reference group consisting of 548 individuals. When the 95th percentile of the reference values was used for cut-off, the frequency of hyperlipidemias in the patients with peripheral arterial atherosclerosis was about 52%. Combined hyperlipidemia was slightly more common (21%) than isolated increase of either cholesterol (17.9%) or triglycerides (12.6%). Using other cut-off limits for the definition of hyperlipidemia, a striking change in the distribution between these three types of hyperlipidemia occurred. In our patients, the frequencies of different blood groups were not significantly different from those of a comparable population. The serum lipids were at the same level in the different blood groups.
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PMID:Hyperlipidemia in peripheral atherosclerotic arterial disease. 117 25

Dietary-induced chylomicronemia was produced in rats to determine its effect on the chemotactic activity of 51Cr-labelled adoptively transferred isologous leukocytes. Rats fed a low protein high fat diet for 2 months had normal total plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels, but increased amounts of chylomicrons. Circulating neutrophils and monocytes from animals on a normal diet were able to phagocytose chylomicrons from plasma of those animals on the special diet. Peritoneal exudate cells from the latter animals contained intracellular chylomicrons demonstratable both histologically and biochemically. Neutrophils and mononuclear cells from normal or special fed animals, when transferred to chylomicronemic recipients, had a reduced ability to accumulate at the site of a complement-dependent inflammatory reaction but circulated normally. The defective chemotactic activity observed could be duplicated when cells were allowed to ingest aggregated protein instead of chylomicrons. It was concluded that circulating leukocytes ingest chylomicrons from the plasma with a resultant reduction in their chemotactic activity. The results were discussed in relation to the increased incidence of infection in diabetes characterized by Type I and V hyperlipidemias. It was also suggested that phagocytosis of particulate substances by entrapped leukocytes in atherosclerotic lesions would induce phagocytic enzyme release which could contribute to the eventual destruction of the vascular wall.
Atherosclerosis
PMID:In vivo chemotaxis of rat leukocytes in the presence of circulating chylomicrons. 119 75

1) In 113 patients with cerebral infarction, the cause of infarction was cardiac embolism in 35, atherosclerotic thromboembolism in 45. It was either cardiac embolism or atherosclerosis but undetermined in 30. 2) Seven risk factors have been analysed. Eight patients (7 p.cent) had none of these factors. In the 105 remaining patients risk factors were: a) atrial fibrillation in 36, diagnosed in 21. Efficient treatment was applied in 1 or perhaps in 2 patients; b) High blood pressure in 39, diagnosed in 32, efficiently treated in 5; c) dyslipidemia in 42, diagnosed in 9, efficiently treated in 3; d) obesity in 50, efficiently tackled in 2; e) diabetes in 24, diagnosed in 11, efficiently treated in 2; f) hyperuricemia in 28, diagnosed in 1 with no efficient treatment; g) smoking in 44, abandonned by 1 only. 3) The high frequency of cardiac embolism is briefly commented. 4) Non diagnosis or unefficient treatment was present in a high proportion of cases. Realizing this regrettable state of affairs should result in better preventive diagnosis and treatment which, is assumed, could significantly reduce cerebral infarction.
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PMID:[Cerebral infarctions. Study of their prevention]. 120 32

Prospective epidemiologic studies have uniformly demonstrated that a high plasma cholesterol level is indicative of an increased risk of myocardial infarction. Beside elevated serum cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, hypertension, obesity, and stress have been correlated with an elevated incidence of atherosclerosis. At the Medical Department in Heidelberg it was demonstrated that four weeks after myocardial infarction (MI) only 59 percent of 753 men and 53 percent of 348 women were still alive, and that smoking cigarettes leads to early MI. Nonsmokers had their first MI at 63 years, cigarette smokers at the age of 53. These results stress the importance of early detection of the above-mentioned risk factors.
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PMID:[Epidemiology and clinical aspects of atherosclerosis (author's transl)]. 120 95

Investigations on certain hemocoagulation indices are carried out of 52 diabetics, 32 of them with diabetic nephropathy. The following indices were determined: thrombocyte numer, thrombocyte adhesion and aggregation, recalcification and heparinrecalcification time, partial thromboplastin time (PTT) and prothrombin time, coagulation retraction and thrombelastography. Data for increased blood coagulation are established in diabetics and especially in the presence of nephropathy. Most manifested are the changes in thrombocyte adhesion, in PTT, recalcification and heparin-recalcification time. Changes in thrombelastogram and the rest of the indices are less manifested. In patients with more advanced forms of nephropathy--the increased hemocoagulation is more pronounced. The changes described are considered non diabetes specific and are associated with the accompanying atherosclerosis. Those changes might indicate inclusion of anticoagulants and antiaggregating medicines in the therapeutic program of patients with diabetic nephropathy with the respective indications.
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PMID:[Changes in blood coagulation in diabetic nephropathy]. 122 99


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