Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

157 sera from adults and children with rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatic fever, myocarditis, neurodermatitis, bronchial asthma, wound infections, second degree obesity without symptoms of diabetes were examined. 60% of sera contained high concentrations of antibodies possessing cytotoxicity against thymus cells, but not against bone marrow cells. Sera of healthy children and adults contained no cytotoxic antibodies. Sera cytotoxic against mouse thymus cells inhibited the suppressing activity of mouse splenocytes in experiments on syngeneic transfer, reducing the ability of human lymphocytes to form T-RFC. The latter phenomenon is associated with the decline in the number of T-theophylline-sensitive lymphocytes, known as T-suppressors.
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PMID:[Antilymphocytic antibodies in human diseases as a factor decreasing the functional activity of T-suppressors]. 294 28

Certain class II determinants of the human histocompatibility locus antigens (HLA) have been implicated in the aetiology of several autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). HLA-Dw4 was the first HLA determinant found to be significantly increased in RA patients compared with controls, while Dw4 and Dw3 were found to be significantly increased in IDDM patients. When the HLA-DR system was defined, RA patients were found to have an increased frequency of DR4 and IDDM patients an increased incidence of both DR4 and DR3 compared with controls. As the HLA-Dw specificities are narrower than the serologically defined DR specificities, it was of specific interest to the present study that Dw4, Dw10, Dw13, Dw14, Dw15 and DKT2 are included in DR4. We describe here new restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) and, together with the newly described serologically defined DQ specificity TA10, test their prevalence and associations in controls and diseased patients. We find that the newly characterized DNA bands are present at a much higher frequency in RA and IDDM patients than in controls. These findings may lead to a greater understanding of the pathogenesis of such diseases.
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PMID:New HLA DNA polymorphisms associated with autoimmune diseases. 301 46

Three mAb to variable region determinants of the alpha/beta-chain TCR were used to detect discrete populations of peripheral blood T cells. T cells sharing a TCR determinant defined by such an antibody presumably use the same or similar TCR V or J genes for their alpha- or beta-chains. Thus analysis with these mAb provides a tool to investigate TCR gene usage and expression. Since autoantigen specific T cells may play an important role in initiating autoimmune diseases, TCR were analyzed in different autoimmune diseases and control groups including rheumatoid arthritis, Graves disease, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, psoriasis, SLE, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and in nonautoimmune control diseases and normals. Purified T cells were stained by indirect immunofluorescence with three mAb to TCR variable regions: mAb S511 stains 1.8 +/- 0.9% (mean +/- 2 SD), mAb C37 stains 3.4 +/- 1.5% and mAb OT145 stains from 0 to 6% of T cells from normal donors. Several individuals were identified with expanded subsets of positive T cells. One patient with adult ITP followed during a 12-mo period consistently had elevated percentages of T cells staining with the mAb OT145 (15.9 to 24.5%). These cells were found to be exclusively CD8+. By Southern blotting DNA prepared from these OT145+, CD8+ cells, but not DNA from the patient's OT145- T cells, revealed a clonal rearrangement using a beta-chain C region probe. Thus this patient had a monoclonal expansion of CD8+, OT145+ cells. Hyperexpression of a TCR variable region, as defined by the available mAb, could not be associated with any of the diseases studied. Examination of T cells at the site of autoimmunity, such as T cells from rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid, revealed normal percentages of cells staining with these mAb. Immunoperoxidase staining of psoriatic lesional skin showed no striking enrichment of T cells bearing one or the other TCR type.
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PMID:T cell antigen receptors in autoimmunity. 304 97

This paper presents epidemiological data on the prevalence of 26 common (i.e., having a lifetime prevalence of more than 1 per 10(4) individuals in the population) multifactorial diseases in Hungary and estimates of detriment associated with them. The detriment is expressed using 3 indicators, namely years of lost life (LL), potentially impaired life (PIL) and actually impaired life (AIL). The total prevalence of these diseases in Hungary has been estimated to be about 6500 per 10(4) individuals in the population. This estimate is in agreement with published data for other parts of the world. On the basis of clinical severity, these diseases have been split into 3 groups, namely (1) very severe (schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, acute myocardial infarction and related conditions, and systemic lupus erythematosus); (2) moderately severe and/or episodal or seasonal (15 entities including Graves' disease, diabetes mellitus, gout, affective psychoses, essential hypertension, peptic ulcers, asthma, etc.); and (3) less severe than those in the first 2 groups (varicose veins, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, Scheuermann disease and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis). The essential clinical and genetic aspects of these diseases are briefly discussed. With the exception of epilepsy, none of the diseases included in our list causes mortality between ages 0 and 19. However, they are among the leading causes of death between ages 20 and 69 and thereafter. A sizeable proportion of those with essential hypertension, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. survive to 70 years and beyond, as do those with gout, glaucoma, allergic rhinitis, psoriasis, etc. Overall, about 16% of all deaths that occur in Hungary every year (all age groups) can be attributed to these diseases. The mean number of years of PIL covers a wide range (about 20-40, 12-70 and 40-60 for groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively), the overall mean being about 24 years. However, the nature and degree of impairment and the impact on the life quality of those afflicted differ for the different diseases. Likewise, the mean number of years of AIL (for which the interval between the mean age at premature retirement and mean age at death was used as a rough index) also spans a wide range from 16 to 45, and the overall mean is about 20 years. At the population level, the diseases considered in this paper cause about 2700 years of LL, 96,000 years of PIL and about 5800 years of AIL per 10(4) individuals in the population. Relative to Mendelian diseases as a whole, these multifactorial diseases are associated with much greater detriment (LL: 1.4 X; PIL: 30 X and AIL: 3.9 X).
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PMID:The load of genetic and partially genetic diseases in man. II. Some selected common multifactorial diseases: estimates of population prevalence and of detriment in terms of years of lost and impaired life. 305 77

A defined general population of 159,200 male and female native Swedes born in the period of 1911-1940, from an urban catchment area of the then only general hospital, was followed over a decade (1970-1979) with regard to inpatient hospitalization for all kinds of diagnoses. Psoriasis cases (n = 372) are significantly (p less than 0.001) associated with a spectrum of diseases: male as well as female psoriatics seem to show excess rates of viral infections, alcoholism, hypertension, pneumonia, liver cirrhosis, urticaria, and rheumatoid arthritis. Psoriasis in males only seem to be associated with iritis and ankylosing spondylitis, whereas psoriasis in females only is associated with lung cancer, diabetes, obesity, myocardial infarction and asthma.
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PMID:Diseases associated with psoriasis in a general population of 159,200 middle-aged, urban, native Swedes. 308 49

The psychometric properties of two self-administered measures of function were examined: the Disability Score of the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and the Total Health Score of the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales (AIMS). Data from 140 respondents were analyzed. Respondents had diagnoses of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or diabetes mellitus; resided in rural and urban areas; and were for the most part elderly, female, and white, with educational levels of high school or below. Reliabilities (test-retest and internal consistency) of both measures were high. The concurrent validity also was high. Content analysis suggested the HAQ represented the scope of nursing practice better than the AIMS. An exploratory principal components analysis confirmed that the HAQ is relevant to nursing practice.
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PMID:A nursing perspective on the assessment of function in persons with arthritis. 317 56

In the case of a postoperative joint infection, the orthopaedic surgeon is frequently blamed. Certain intrinsic disease processes, however, make a joint more susceptible to infection. In these three reports of septic polyarthritis, all patients had underlying systemic disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, and hemophilia A. Two of the three patients had had no recent surgical procedures. This suggests that the development of a pyarthrosis may depend at least as much on the patient's underlying systemic condition as on the surgeon and his or her technique.
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PMID:Septic polyarthritis and its relation to systemic disease processes. A report of three cases. 324 Nov 75

In the free-living population, approximately 30% of men and 53% of women over the age of 55 years have peripheral joint complaint. Neck and low back complaints occur in 25% of men and 40% of women in the corresponding age group. One third of free-living elderly people suffer from rheumatism. About 25% have shortness of breath, and another 25% have hypertension. Diabetes ranks seventh among self-reported diseases. Approximately 40% of elderly people report a poor health condition, 20-50% cannot perform all activities of daily life, and about 30% are physically handicapped. An examination of problems seen by general practitioners reveals that overweight ranks first (prevalence, 20% of visits per year), osteoarthritis second (19% of visits per year), and hypertension third (17.5% of visits per year); diabetes, however, ranks thirteenth among problems seen during annual visits to the general practitioner. Only 20-50% of people suffering from osteoarthritis or entesopathies soft-tissue rheumatisms visit their general practitioners, while three quarter do so in the case of rheumatoid arthritis. For people older than 55 years of age, 40-60% of men, and 55-82% of women use drugs daily. Analgesics and antirheumatic drugs are used daily by 15% of women and 5% of men over 55 years old. In view of our aging population, it can be anticipated that soon after the year 2000, the percentage of elderly people will be doubled in most European countries reaching 25% of the total population, while 40% will be older than 55 years of age.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Epidemiologic considerations of the geriatric population. 326 92

Sonographic characteristics and percutaneous catheter drainage of thigh abscesses in 18 patients are described. Most of these patients had underlying diseases including osteomyelitis, trauma, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, leukemia, lymphoma, sepsis, bleeding dyscrasia, and autoimmune disease. Previous procedures on these thigh collections included seven operations and 12 nondiagnostic ward aspirations. All collections were shown by sonography to be either anterior or anterolateral. Two cases referred for drainage were posteromedial; sonography showed these to be mycotic pseudoaneurysms. The abscesses were either anechoic or hypoechoic, and occasionally had debris and septations. Abscesses associated with underlying osteomyelitis abutted the femur; those related to other causes generally were more superficial within muscle or fascial layers. Sonographically guided catheter drainage successfully cured all patients, even those in whom ward aspiration or formal surgery had been unsuccessful. Sonography is a simple and inexpensive method of imaging and guiding the drainage of thigh abscesses. Percutaneous catheter drainage is the treatment of choice in cases in which simple emergency room or ward incision and drainage are inadequate.
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PMID:Sonography of thigh abscess: detection, diagnosis, and drainage. 330 56

In order to further investigate the role of the immune system in the arteriosclerotic process, we investigated the anti-elastin peptide antibodies (AEAb) of the IgG and IgM types by DOT immunobinding assay in the sera of patients suffering from various arteriosclerotic diseases. In total 232 control and pathological sera were studied. In obliterative arteriosclerosis of the legs 90%, ischemic heart disease 67% and hypertension 60% of sera were positive for AEAb of the IgG type independent of age. In the case of diabetes mellitus, however, the duration of the disease was determinant. In rheumatoid arthritis, the results were negative. No clear-cut positivity could be demonstrated in stroke patients either. These results indicate that AEAb can be detected in some diseases and DOT appears to be an appropriate method for the AEAb screening in various diseases.
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PMID:Immunology of elastin: study of anti-elastin peptide antibodies by DOT immunobinding assay. 331 75


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