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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinically evident diabetic microangiopathy (retinopathy and nephropathy) occurred in 18% of diabetic patients with acute pancreatitis and 14% of diabetic patients with chronic pancreatitis. The presence of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy in patients with pancreatitic diabetes without a family history of diabetes mellitus suggests that these patients have "primary" diabetes mellitus unmasked by the pancreatitis. The occurrence of diabetic microangiopathy is significantly correlated with the duration of diabetes. The frequency of these diabetic complications seems to increase when there is a family history of diabetes in patients whose pancreatitis is simultaneous with or precedes the onset of diabetes. The majority of patients with diabetic microangiopathy were on insulin therapy, but the need for insulin treatment is an indication of the severity of the diabetes, rather than the insulin being a causative factor of the microangiopathy. The degree of steatorrhea in diabetic patients with chronic pancreatitis did not protect against the development of microangiopathy.
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PMID:Diabetic microangiopathy in patients with pancreatitic diabetes mellitus. 118 65

For the first time, a semiconductor gas sensor of original construction was employed to measure acetone level in the biologic liquids and gases in patients with acute destructive pancreatitis. A statistically significant difference in acetone level in the exhaled air of the healthy subjects, patients with edematous and destructive forms of acute pancreatitis and diabetes mellitus has been established.
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PMID:[Value of exhaled air acetone level in assessing the impairement of secretory pancreatic function in acute destructive pancreatitis]. 129 89

N benzoyl-L-tyrosil PABA was orally administered to 13 controls and 35 patients with pancreatic disease: 7 with chronic exocrine pancreatic disease, 7 patients after an attack of acute pancreatitis, 3 with carcinoma of the pancreas, 8 with biliary tract disease and 10 with diabetes. The amount of PABA excreted serves as parameter exocrine pancreatic function. PABA excretion in patients with chronic pancreatitis (p < 0.01) and diabetes (p < 0.05) was significantly less then in controls. The present data justify further investigation of this procedure as a possible new oral test of exocrine pancreatic function.
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PMID:[Diagnostic value of the NBT-PABA test in the functional evaluation of the exocrine pancreas]. 130 17

Primary familial forms of chylomicronemia can lead to acute life-threatening complications, especially acute pancreatitis. The main aim of therapy is to avoid this so-called chylomicronemia syndrome. In 12 patients with primary chylomicronemia due to familial hypertriglyceridemia, the addition of 2.16 g omega-3 fatty acids over 4 weeks and 4.32 g for 8 weeks resulted in a decrease of serum triglyceride levels from 1,624 +/- 333 to 894 +/- 241 mg/dL after 12 weeks. Cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the chylomicron fraction were reduced concomitantly, the apolipoprotein B-100/B-48 ratio increased, very--low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) triglycerides, VLDL cholesterol, and total cholesterol levels decreased, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol showed a tendency to increase, but this finding did not reach significance. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels remained unchanged, as did the levels of apolipoproteins A-I, A-II, and E, and lipoprotein(a). Apolipoprotein B levels decreased significantly. The decrease of triglyceride levels to still-elevated concentrations was accompanied by a substantial decrease in plasma and whole-blood viscosity and erythrocyte aggregation, which reached normal values. As in chylomicronemia, complications usually occur at triglyceride levels higher than 1,500 mg/dL; patients can still profit from treatment with omega-3 fatty acids, even though triglyceride levels are still substantially elevated. No clinically relevant side effects occurred, with the exception of the manifestation of diabetes mellitus in one patient, which could be reversed after discontinuation of treatment.
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PMID:Treatment of primary chylomicronemia due to familial hypertriglyceridemia by omega-3 fatty acids. 140 95

Octreotide and bromocriptine were used to treat an acromegalic patient harbouring an invasive pituitary tumour secreting growth hormone and prolactin. Octreotide (100 micrograms, subcutaneously, three times daily) and bromocriptine (15 mg orally, daily) rapidly improved clinical signs and symptoms, including diabetes that initially required insulin. Complete control of growth hormone and prolactin secretion was obtained and maintained by this treatment protocol for 12 months without affecting the other pituitary functions. A major tumour shrinkage was apparent by magnetic resonance imaging after six months, and was considered to be complete after 12 months of treatment. Octreotide was then discontinued without any relapse in either growth hormone secretion or tumour growth over a 20-month period following withdrawal. Attempts were made to discontinue bromocriptine, but a maintenance therapy (2.5 mg daily) was required to control rebounds of prolactin hypersecretion. Two months after octreotide withdrawal, acute pancreatitis secondary to cholelithiasis required surgery; this complication was attributed to octreotide (pre-treatment ultrasonography was normal). These findings suggest that combination therapy with octreotide and bromocriptine may be considered in pituitary macroadenomas secreting growth hormone and prolactin. They also emphasize the need for a close monitoring of cholelithiasis, not only during octreotide therapy but also after the drug's withdrawal.
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PMID:Invasive mixed growth hormone/prolactin secreting pituitary tumour: complete shrinking by octreotide and bromocriptine, and lack of tumour growth relapse 20 months after octreotide withdrawal. 154 25

The secretory function of the pancreas is also impaired in acute destructive pancreatitis. A four- to five-fold increase of serum insulin and glucagon concentrations during the development of the disease is evidence in favor of the development of pancreonecrosis. Diabetic, type disorders of glucose tolerance were encountered in 38% of patients with acute pancreatitis, the clinical form of diabetes mellitus was found in 8.3% of the examined patients.
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PMID:[Pancreatic endocrine function in patients with acute pancreatitis]. 157 45

During the period 1974-1983, Yersinia enterocolitica infection was diagnosed in 458 hospitalized patients by antibody response or isolation of the micro-organism. Eight (1.75%) patients showed signs of acute pancreatitis with elevated serum or urine levels of amylase; two patients had acute insulin-dependent diabetes. The patients were followed up for 4-14 years (until 1987). Four patients were readmitted with chronic pancreatitis, and one with acute pancreatitis. Diabetes developed in two males and nine females; in seven cases this was associated with chronic conditions of possible autoimmune aetiology. In 1987 a significantly higher than expected prevalence of diabetes was demonstrated among female subjects aged 30-54 years. Yersinia enterocolitica infection constitutes a differential diagnosis in acute pancreatitis, and might be related to the development of chronic pancreatitis and diabetes.
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PMID:Acute and chronic pancreatic disease associated with Yersinia enterocolitica infection: a Norwegian 10-year follow-up study of 458 hospitalized patients. 160 90

Pancreas-specific protein (PASP) was compared with serum amylase in 95 episodes of acute pancreatitis with the diagnoses supported by elevated amylase levels. The etiology was typical for Scandinavian countries, with alcohol as the predominant factor, followed by cholelithiasis. PASP values were clearly raised in all patients, except in three cases found to have high salivary-type amylase levels, and one patient with recurrent alcohol pancreatitis. The rise of PASP levels were in general more pronounced than the corresponding amylase elevations, especially in severe pancreatitis. The elevations were generally parallel for the two analytes, but in 41% of the cases PASP levels remained elevated 2-11 days longer than the corresponding amylase levels. PASP was, however, eliminated from the circulation at a rate comparable to that of amylase. The serum range of PASP for 259 healthy subjects was 15-111 micrograms/L with 95% of the values within 16-98 micrograms/L. The upper reference level was set at 100 micrograms/L. PASP levels were also determined for 291 patients with disorders other than acute pancreatitis. Serum levels in patients with renal insufficiency (n = 12), primary biliary cirrhosis (n = 9), and diabetes mellitus (n = 17) were equal to those in healthy subjects. Eight patients of 173 with acute abdominal disorders and no evidence of pancreatitis had elevated PASP levels as well as 4 patients with prostatic carcinoma (n = 28) and 2 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 16). PASP values were low in chronic painful pancreatitis (n = 15) and pancreatic cancer (n = 11).
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PMID:A novel assay for pancreatic cellular damage: IV. Serum concentrations of pancreas-specific protein (PASP) in acute pancreatitis and other abdominal diseases. 168 89

A new kit for radioimmunoassay of serum phospholipase A2 (PLA2) with monoclonal antibody (S-0932, Shionogi, Osaka, Japan) was used to examine PLA2 levels in patients with various diseases. Patients with acute pancreatitis showed significantly increased serum PLA2 levels. In patients with chronic pancreatitis, significant correlations were observed between the levels of factors evaluated by the secretin test and serum PLA2 levels. In patients with pancreatic cancer, serum PLA2 levels varied with disease severity. Serum PLA2 concentrations were within the normal range in patients with other malignant tumors, diabetes mellitus, and chronic liver diseases but were increased in patients with chronic renal failure. S-Sepharose column analysis of sera showed a small peak of pro-PLA2 and a large peak of PLA2 in sera from patients with severe acute pancreatitis, but a large peak of pro-PLA2 in healthy controls and patients with other diseases. On G-100 gel filtration, high-molecular-weight PLA2 immunoreactivity was detected in sera of patients with chronic renal failure, whereas a single peak of PLA2 immunoreactivity coinciding with that of standard PLA2 was detected in sera of patients with acute pancreatitis. These results suggest that (a) measurement of serum PLA2 is clinically useful for diagnosis and monitoring of pancreatitis, (b) active PLA2 in the circulation is dominant in severe acute pancreatitis, and (c) the kidney may be the main site of PLA2 degradation or excretion.
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PMID:Clinical usefulness of serum phospholipase A2 determination in patients with pancreatic diseases. 194 16

Serious and occasionally fatal reactions to pentamidine have been reported and with the increased use of the drug in immunocompromised patients they are likely to become more frequent. We report the development of acute pancreatitis and permanent diabetes mellitus in an AIDS patient treated with intravenous pentamidine for Pneumocystis pneumonia. The literature on pentamidine induced pancreatic damage is reviewed.
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PMID:Survival from pentamidine induced pancreatitis and diabetes mellitus. 195 14


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