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Query: UMLS:C0011633 (dermatomyositis)
 4,181 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cutaneous manifestations of systemic connective tissue diseases, such as scleroderma and its variants, polymyositis, and dermatomyositis, often prompt early dermatologic consultation. Indirect immunofluorescent autoantibody determinations using tissue culture substrates are initial screening tests that are highly positive in the majority of patients with scleroderma and its variants, but are less frequently positive in patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis. When combined with second-level analyses for the multiplicity of precipitin autoantibodies that have been defined in both these major classes of rheumatic diseases, most autoantibodies of both diagnostic and prognostic significance can be defined efficiently and cost-effectively. The major autoantibody specificities characteristic of these connective tissue diseases are summarized in this article, with emphasis on current concepts of their clinical molecular, and possible pathogenetic significance.
Semin Dermatol 1991 Sep
PMID:Autoantibodies in scleroderma and polymyositis: an update. 193 70

Patients with collagen disorders may have a broad spectrum of nail changes. This article reviews the modifications of the nail apparatus that can be observed in the following diseases: systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, mixed connective tissue disease, rheumatoid arthritis, periarteritis nodosa, and Wegener granulomatosis. In all collagen diseases, the proximal nail fold is the most important site of alterations, and a careful inspection of this nail constituent is an essential part of the patient's routine clinical evaluation. Erythema and telangiectasia associated with visualization of the capillary loops are frequent findings; nail fold capillary hemorrhages and focal necrosis are also observed. The nail fold capillary microscopy abnormalities and the special nail changes that can be observed and characterize each collagen disorder are described. A careful clinical examination of the nail and a capillary microscopy study of the prossimal nail fold may, therefore, be decisive for the diagnosis of the collagen disorders. In fact, the nail unit alterations may give a clue that should not be overlooked.
Semin Dermatol 1991 Mar
PMID:The nail apparatus in collagen disorders. 201 23

Fifty-three adult patients (19 men, 34 women) with dermatomyositis were studied. Two had dermatomyositis associated with benign disorders. Twenty-three (43%) had a malignancy; the risk of malignancy increased with age, but there was no sex difference. Seven malignancies were recurrences and 9 were diagnosed during investigation of dermatomyositis; these 16 were suspected clinically or from abnormal results of simple investigations. Extensive screening tests did not increase the number of malignancies diagnosed. In 7 patients, a diagnosis of malignancy was made more than 9 months after onset of dermatomyositis, although a relationship between malignancy and dermatomyositis was uncertain in two cases; the diagnosis of gynecological malignancy was missed in 2 patients despite appropriate investigations, 1 patient had poorly controlled dermatomyositis, and in 2 patients late diagnosis of malignancy was due to failure to reinvestigate relapse of previously stable dermatomyositis.
Arch Dermatol 1990 Jan
PMID:Dermatomyositis. Disease associations and an evaluation of screening investigations for malignancy. 229 52

To assess the pathogenetic importance of capillary damage and its relationship with degenerating muscle fibers in dermatomyositis (DM), an electron microscope study of eight muscle biopsy specimens (adult and juvenile forms) and seven muscle specimens from patients with other neuromuscular diseases was conducted. There was a 49% reduction of capillaries in the muscle specimens of DM patients. Capillary damage also was more frequent in the DM group than in control group (p less than 0.001). We found a striking relation between capillary and muscle damage in the DM group (p less than 0.002) but not in the control group. The diagnostic value of undulating tubules within endothelial cells is also discussed.
Int J Dermatol 1990 Mar
PMID:Relationship between capillary and muscle damage in dermatomyositis. 232 64

Dermatomyositis (DM) is an inflammatory myopathy with a severe prognosis mainly determined by its association with malignancy. We present the results of a study of 32 adults with DM. Our aim was to define predictive signs of cancer and establish prognostic factors according to patient survival. Thirteen (41%) of the 32 patients had DM associated with malignancy. After 7 years of follow-up, the overall mortality rate was 52%. Mortality was higher for patients with malignancy. Cutaneous necrosis and an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate appeared as potential markers of associated malignancy. Classic signs of poor prognosis, such as age and association with cancer were found. Interestingly, extensive cutaneous lesions on the trunk and an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate were also more frequent among the patients who died. Our results demonstrate that selected groups of patients with DM, in part defined by cutaneous signs, have a poor prognosis.
Arch Dermatol 1990 May
PMID:Prognostic factors and predictive signs of malignancy in adult dermatomyositis. A study of 32 cases. 233 84

A 10-year-old boy had juvenile dermatomyositis and multiple asymmetric lesions of lipoatrophy. The lipoatrophy had occurred without preceding clinical evidence of inflammation. Biopsy specimens of the skin confirmed a lobular panniculitis. This is the first report of the association of lipoatrophy and juvenile dermatomyositis.
J Am Acad Dermatol 1990 May
PMID:Dermatomyositis associated with multifocal lipoatrophy. 233 91

Auto-immune mechanisms, mostly cell mediated, have been described as the basic abnormality in polymyositis and dermatomyositis. We report here the case of a patient affected with dermatopolymyositis, resistant to therapy, who was treated with corticosteroids and cyclosporin. She presented with an infiltrative, erythematous rash on the neck, eyelids and cheeks and weakness of the proximal limb and cervical muscles. The dramatic and persistent response to cyclosporin obtained in this case represents a clear demonstration of the action of this drug in cases of dermatomyositis.
Clin Exp Dermatol 1990 Mar
PMID:Clinical effects of cyclosporin in dermatomyositis. 234 3

The antigenic activation of T lymphocytes depends on the production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and on the expression of a membrane-specific receptor (IL-2R). This receptor, a dimer composed of a 57 kD chain, is also present on some B lymphocytes and activated macrophages (anti-TAC) grouped together in CD25. A soluble form of IL-2R (sIL-2R) was recently identified, comprising the extracellular part of the chain (45 kD) which is released by the cell in body fluids. The presence of sIL-2R in serum can be assayed using ELISA (Cell free, T cell Sciences, Cambridge, MA). Normal values range between 100 and 500 U/ml, with a mean value of 375 U/ml. Marked increases of sIL-2R, with levels of up to 50,000 U/ml, have been observed in various diseases: hairy cell leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, acute leukemia, B-CLL, ATL and Sezary's syndrome. Lesser increases are also found in autoimmune diseases, viral infections, and following organ transplantation. Many Authors have described the close correlation between sIL-2R levels and the clinical evolution of the disease. Soluble IL-2 receptors were studied in 184 patients affected by skin diseases: eczematous dermatitis, lichen, psoriasis, erythroderma psoriaticum, dermatomyositis, scleroderma bullous dermatosis, melanoma, Kaposi's disease, lymphomatoid papulosis, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, mycosis fungoides (MF), Sezary's syndrome (SS). Increased serum levels of sIL-R2 were found in non-neoplastic dermatological diseases, including autoimmune related pathologies. Values were normal (396 +/- 170 U/ml) in patients affected by Stage 1 melanoma, but increased (558 +/- 291 U/ml) in cases with visceral involvement.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
G Ital Dermatol Venereol 1990 Feb
PMID:[Serum levels of soluble receptors of interleukin-2 in skin pathology]. 236 99

Calcinosis cutis is a common clinical feature of dermatomyositis and scleroderma but is only rarely reported in association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We describe three patients with long-standing systemic lupus erythematosus in whom extensive calcinosis cutis developed. We identify characteristics our patients share in common with 23 previously described patients.
Arch Dermatol 1990 Aug
PMID:Extensive calcinosis cutis with systemic lupus erythematosus. 238 31

Thirty-eight biopsy specimens from 18 cases of bullous pemphigoid (BP) were observed using direct immunofluorescence (IF) techniques with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled antisera against human serum factors. In addition to deposits of immunoglobulins and serum components at the basement-membrane zone (BMZ), 15 specimens from eight cases displayed homogeneous and globular fluorescent bodies in the uppermost dermis and/or the blisters when FITC-labelled antisera to human IgM and other serum factors were used. Using immunoperoxidase staining, haematoxylin/eosin (HE) and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining, these immunoglobulin and/or complement-positive cell-sized bodies were shown to be slightly eosinophilic and PAS positive. Electron microscopy revealed entangled networks of microfilaments approximately 7-8 nm in diameter. These homogeneous, fibrillar bodies were histologically, immunohistologically and ultrastructurally indistinguishable from the colloid bodies found in lesional skins of lichen planus, lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis and several other dermatoses. In BP, degenerated keratinocytes adjacent to the blister roof, may, after undergoing a filamentous change, drop off into the dermis and subsequently form homogeneous, fibrillar bodies in the uppermost dermis when reepithelization is completed.
Arch Dermatol Res 1985
PMID:Colloid body formation in bullous pemphigoid. 240 31


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