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Query: UMLS:C0011633 (dermatomyositis)
 4,181 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical and serologic features of 36 patients with polymyositis (PM) or dermatomyositis (DM) were observed over a 5-year period. The mean age of the patients at the time of diagnosis was 48.5 years, and 61% were female. According to widely accepted diagnostic criteria 50% had PM (group I), 14% DM (group II), 11% PM or DM associated with malignant disease (group III) and 25% PM or DM associated with a connective tissue disorder (group V). None of the patients had childhood PM or DM associated with vasculitis (group IV). All the patients had muscle weakness, and 94% of the patients tested had an elevated serum level of creatine kinase. The average delay from the onset of symptoms to diagnosis was 14 months overall but only 2.3 months for the DM patients. Of the 30 patients whose serum was tested, 73% had antinuclear antibodies, with antibodies to nuclear ribonucleoprotein being most common in group V patients and antibodies directed against the Jo-1 antigen being restricted to patients with PM alone (group I).
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PMID:Clinical and serologic features of patients with polymyositis or dermatomyositis. 387 56

Dermatomyositis and polymyositis are rare disorders of connective tissue that manifest themselves primarily as muscular weakness. Fifty-five percent of 45 patients with this diagnosis at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital had symptoms referable to the head and neck. While dysphagia and the cutaneous manifestation predominate, such symptoms as facial swelling and oral mucosal disorders may require the treating physician to seek the advice of an otolaryngologist before the patient suffers any muscular changes. A thorough knowledge of this disease entity is essential to specialists in head and neck diseases.
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PMID:Head and neck manifestations of dermatomyositis-polymyositis. 393 39

Gastric and esophageal emptying were assessed using scintigraphic techniques in 13 patients with polymyositis or dermatomyositis and in 13 normal volunteers. Esophageal emptying was significantly delayed in patients, with 8 of 13 patients being outside the normal range. Gastric emptying was also markedly slower in patients than in controls, with 8 patients being outside the normal range for solid emptying and 8 patients beyond the normal range for liquid emptying. The 5 patients with dysphagia all had delayed esophageal emptying, but both gastric and esophageal emptying were delayed in some asymptomatic patients. There was a significant correlation between esophageal emptying and both solid and liquid gastric emptying in the patients. Both gastric and esophageal emptying correlated with the severity of the peripheral (skeletal) muscle weakness. These results indicate that profoundly delayed gastric and esophageal emptying are common in polymyositis and dermatomyositis, implying frequent malfunction of the smooth muscle of the upper gastrointestinal tract in this disease.
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PMID:Abnormalities of gastric and esophageal emptying in polymyositis and dermatomyositis. 394 Sep 16

We have examined whether peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with polymyositis-dermatomyositis (PM-DM) incubated with autologous muscle release mediators that can affect the Ca2+ binding by sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), the key regulator of muscle contraction. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 11 patients with early, active, and untreated PM-DM and from 20 controls were incubated with various dilutions (ranging from 1:60 to 1:4800 wt/vol) of autologous muscle homogenates. Mononuclear cells from eight of 11 patients with PM-DM underwent proliferation as assessed by 3H-thymidine incorporation into mononuclear cells (stimulation indices ranging from 3 to 14). Supernatants from muscle-stimulated mononuclear cells suppressed the adenosine triphosphate-dependent Ca2+ binding by SR membranes derived from rat skeletal muscles. Neither proliferative responses of mononuclear cells nor release of mediators suppressing calcium binding by SR was observed in mononuclear cell cultures of controls. The factor(s) producing suppression of calcium binding by SR was nondialyzable, and its effect on SR was concentration dependent. These results suggest that mononuclear cells in PM-DM are sensitized to autologous muscle and release a soluble factor(s) that inhibits the function of SR muscle membrane. These findings may have important implications in the pathogenesis of muscle weakness in PM-DM.
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PMID:Mononuclear cells from patients with polymyositis inhibit calcium binding by sarcoplasmic reticulum. 394 Dec 92

An effort was made to identify all patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM) admitted to hospitals in Israel from 1956-1976. The diagnosis of PM/DM was retrospectively reviewed in 92 (46 definite, 26 probable, and 20 possible) cases. The most common complaints and physical findings in the course of the disease were muscle weakness (86 patients), rash (53 patients), arthritis or arthralgia (39 patients), and dysphagia (35 patients). Elevated serum aldolase levels were found in 64% of the patients for whom data were available; 92% had abnormal electromyogram results, and 60.9% had muscle histopathology consistent with PM/DM. Malignancy was diagnosed in 13 patients. Malignancy, ischemic heart disease, and pulmonary complications were the most common causes of death. The actuarial survival curve was heterogeneous, with an accelerated mortality during the first year after diagnosis and a slower mortality during the following 7 years. Independent unfavorable prognostic signs were: failure to induce remission, leukocytosis, fever, older age, a shorter disease history, and dysphagia.
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PMID:Prognostic factors in polymyositis/dermatomyositis. A computer-assisted analysis of ninety-two cases. 397 73

Measurements of maximum respiratory pressures and routine pulmonary function tests were performed in 8 patients with polymyositis (PM) and 2 patients with dermatomyositis (DM). Serial measurements of routine pulmonary function tests in 8 patients remained unchanged. Maximum respiratory pressures were decreased initially in 7 patients with proximal muscle weakness and clinically active muscle disease and improved with corticosteroid therapy in the 5 patients who were followed serially. In 3 patients with clinically stable disease the maximum respiratory muscle power was normal. Serial measurements of maximum respiratory pressures have been of value in monitoring patients with PM and DM.
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PMID:Measurements of maximum respiratory pressures in polymyositis and dermatomyositis. 398 94

The classic features of childhood dermatomyositis include muscle weakness, elevated muscle enzymes, and characteristic abnormal muscle biopsy and electromyography. Paramount to the diagnosis are cutaneous dermatoses that include a heliotrope rash and Gottron's papules. Rarely, a photo-sensitive dermatosis may occur. A recurrent photoexacerbated dermatoses can be an initial sign of occult childhood dermatomyositis.
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PMID:Recurrent photosensitive dermatitis preceding juvenile dermatomyositis. 399 76

Three adults, 2 of whom had polymyositis and 1 with dermatomyositis, developed dysphagia during the course of their illness. Results of esophageal manometry supplemented with esophageal radiography indicated the presence of cricopharyngeal achalasia. Because of the severity of this disorder, which is associated with aspiration of esophageal contents into the airways, surgery to divide the cricopharyngeal musculature was performed in 2 patients, giving complete relief of their symptoms. Prednisone dosage was not increased to treat this condition since it arose not from weakness but from obstruction. A biopsy specimen taken from 1 patient demonstrated inflammatory changes in the obstructing muscle. A review of these 3 patients and 3 previously reported cases indicates that cricopharyngeal obstruction can be a dominant cause of dysphagia in patients with myositis. The recognition of this entity is important in the management of patients with myositis because: it has serious and potentially life-threatening implications; and in certain cases, it can be effectively treated with surgery.
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PMID:Cricopharyngeal obstruction in inflammatory myopathy (polymyositis/dermatomyositis). Report of three cases and review of the literature. 400 73

Of 105 cases seen over 12 years with mean 4 years followup, there were 69 with polymyositis (PM) and 36 with dermatomyositis (DM). and in 43 this complicated another connective tissue disease (CTD). Primary PM had onset a decade later than others and most severe myopathy occurred in DM. Earliest symptoms were polyarthritis and Raynaud's phenomenon with frequent sicca syndrome (51%). The less than universal prevalence of elevated muscle enzymes (68%), myopathic electromyography (86%). and abnormal muscle biopsy (78%) emphasizes the need for complete evaluation in all cases. Improvement occurred in 69% overall, including all 23 given no therapy or low dose corticosteroids and 59% of the remainder who received high dose corticosteroids with added cytotoxics in one-quarter. Outcome was worse in older patients and in those where weakness exceeded 4 months before diagnosis. Eight of 19 deaths were due to myositis or its therapy which also caused considerable morbidity. Malignancy in 16 cases was temporally related to myositis in half of these cases.
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PMID:Dermatopolymyositis and other connective tissue diseases: a review of 105 cases. 409 21

We studied a young woman with an eating disorder. To induce vomiting, she took syrup of ipecac daily for 2 years, and then developed insidious, progressive muscle weakness. Skin findings were similar to those of dermatomyositis. Muscle biopsy, however, was similar to experimental emetine myopathy and lacked inflammatory features. Upon cessation of ipecac abuse, strength returned. We believe that this patient had ipecac-induced muscle weakness.
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PMID:Ipecac-induced myopathy simulating dermatomyositis. 611 51


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