Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The literature on four self-rating scales for depression, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Zung, the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale is discussed. Evidence from the literature suggests that the reliability and validity of these scales are alike in elderly and (younger) adults. The GDS is advised as the first choice among these self-rating scales. Self-rating scales for depression are not sufficient for diagnosing depression, additional information derived from observation and a psychiatric interview are necessary.
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PMID:[Self-evaluation scales for depression in the elderly]. 794 Jun 50

Postoperative delirium and abnormal behavior were studied in 160 patients aged 60 and over with relation to their QOL assessed before surgical operation. QOL was assessed physically, psychologically, mentally and socially. Physical status was assessed with ability in daily life, seeing, hearing and severity of disease. Psychological condition (depression) was assessed by using GDS (Geriatric Depression Scale of Sheikh), Mentality (dementia) was assessed by using CDR (Clinical Dementia Rating) and HDS-R (Revised version of Hasegawa's dementia Scale). Sociality was assessed by social life and familial environment. Postoperatively 37.1% of males and 28.9% of females developed delirium and abnormal behaviour. Abnormal behaviour of demented patients was not defined as due to delirium or as dementia itself, so it was included in the classification "delirium and abnormal behaviour" because of the same aspect in terms of practical nursing care. The following factors were found to be statistically related to the occurrence of postoperative delirium and abnormal behaviour: disability in daily life, dementia, disturbance of hearing. Scores of HDS-R was closely related with the possibility of postoperative delirium and abnormal behaviour.
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PMID:[Postoperative delirium and abnormal behaviour related with preoperative quality of life in elderly patients]. 796 49

Little is known about the diagnostic validity of the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (GDS-SF), especially when compared to the original 30-item version (Geriatric Depression Scale-Long Form; GDS-LF). This study compared the GDS-SF and GDS-LF with a sample of depressed, demented, and thought-disordered inpatients. The GDS-SF and GDS-LF were found to be highly correlated (r = .89) and to have similar high sensitivity rates. The specificity rates for both forms were similar, but lower than desirable. Overall, the GDS-SF was found to be an adequate substitute for the GDS-LF.
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PMID:Validation of the Geriatric Depression Scale--Short Form among inpatients. 801 51

Depression in the terminally ill has never been examined systematically. Frequently depression has been perceived as an inevitable part of illness. The purpose of the present study was to develop an instrument (the Mood Evaluation Questionnaire) to measure depression among terminally ill patients. The MEQ and the Geriatric Depression Scale were completed by 27 hospice patients. A Modified Karnofsky score and index of somatic complaints were obtained. There was no correlation among the Modified Karnofsky, the number of somatic complaints, and the level of depression. However the MEQ and GDS were highly correlated (p < .01). For several reasons, the MEQ appears to be an effective instrument to explore the incidence of depression in the terminally ill.
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PMID:Recognition of depression. 860 50

Patients (n = 321) on geriatrics wards were asked to complete two or three of four well-being measures: the Geriatric Depression Scale, Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale, Southampton Self-esteem Scale and the Bradburn Affect Balance Scale. Analyses, including factor analysis, correlations and box-and-whisker plots, were carried out to investigate similarities In patient profiles provided by the different scales. The GDS showed similar profiles to the other measures, particularly the self-esteem scale, discriminating at the 'high' as well as 'low well-being' ends of the scales. These results indicate that, as far as clinical practice is concerned, additional use of such well-being measures may be unnecessary. Examination of different approaches to assessing well- being in clinical practice is required, for example measures of 'life strengths'.
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PMID:Does the use of the Geriatric Depression Scale make redundant the need for separate measures of well-being on geriatrics wards? 922 26

As part of a larger cognitive neuropsychological study, a total of 559 consecutive undergraduates aged 17-30 years completed the shortened form (15 Yes/No items) of the self-report Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (GDS-SF). Approximately 22 individuals (or 4% of the total) obtained a GDS score that was indicative of "probable" depression (i.e., a score of 6 or higher, up to 15). Small but highly significant correlations (all p's < .01) were obtained between GDS-SF and age, education, and self-rated health. Fifty-one additional undergraduates from the same population were given the GDS-SF and the Beck Depression Inventory together, and the resulting correlation coefficient between these two scores was r = .84 (p < .01), thereby establishing concurrent validity of GDS-SF performance with another well-validated and reliable measure of depression in this age group.
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PMID:Preliminary normative data on the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (GDS-SF) in a young adult sample. 884 81

The prevalence and quality of depression (Geriatric Depression scale), were studied in groups of cognitively impaired patients referred for neuropsychological assessment from a short-term assessment ward (Group A), and from long-term care wards (Group B). Cognitively intact assessment ward patients served as a comparison group (Group C) to control for effects of hospitalization on mood. The prevalence of depression did not differ for the cognitively impaired short-term assessment and long-term care groups. However, cognitively impaired patients in Group A had a higher prevalence of depression than cognitively intact patients in Group C. GDS scores did not correlate with measures of severity of cognitive impairment or of self-care disability in Groups A and B, although elevated GDS scores were significantly correlated with higher Verbal IQ scores in these groups. Analysis of individual GDS items responses suggested that depression in cognitively impaired elderly tends to be characteristic of adjustment disorder rather than Major Depression.
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PMID:Correlates of depression in cognitively impaired hospitalized elderly referred for neuropsychological assessment. 894 56

Depression is the most prevalent mental health problem among the elderly, including Chinese-American elderly. A Chinese-language version of the popular Geriatric Depression Scale Long Form (GDS-LF) and Short Form (GDS-SF) was developed. Based on the responses of 50 elderly Chinese immigrants to the U.S. (25 women and 25 men), the GDS-LF evidenced high internal consistency but the GDS-SF did not. Factor analysis was then used to develop a new version of the GDS-SF, which was internally consistent. The revised GDS-SF is an important and easy-to-administer tool for community screening of depression among elderly Chinese immigrants.
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PMID:Geriatric Depression Scale as a community screening instrument for elderly Chinese immigrants. 911 80

Although memory disorders and the aphaso-apraxo-agnosic syndrome are the most relevant clinical symptoms in dementia, behavioral changes, mood-related disturbances and sleep disorders are the major cause of institutionalization and caregiver concern. In the present study we have investigated the frequency and progression of cognitive and noncognitive symptoms in Alzheimer's disease (AD) as well as the APOE-related frequency of clinical symptoms in dementia. Memory decline (100%), aphasia (94%), apraxia (99%), agnosia (94%) and motor dysfunction (90%) appeared in practically all cases with mild (GDS-3), moderate (GDS 3-4) and severe (GDS 6-7) dementia. The most frequent noncognitive symptoms include anxiety (76%), depression (68%), behavioral changes (67%), psychotic symptoms (43%), sleep disorders (43%), incontinence (23%) and cerebrovascular symptoms (75%). Anxiety, depression, behavioral changes, psychotic symptoms, motor dysfunction and cognitive deterioration paralleled the severity of dementia, increasing their frequency from mild to severe dementia. The most important sleep disorders were irregular sleep-wake pattern (67%) and insomnia (47%). Disorientation (90%) and drug administration (88%) appeared to be the most important factors in causing sleep disorders in dementia. Disorientation, agitation and motor disorders were slightly more frequent in patients with APOE-4/4, while anxiety and sleep disorders appeared more frequently in APOE-3/4. Behavioral changes and psychotic symptoms did not show any clear association with specific APOE subtypes. In conclusion, our results suggest that noncognitive symptoms are very important clinical events in the disease progression and in decision making for therapeutic intervention and institutionalization. Furthermore, it is likely that some brain dysfunctions leading to particular clinical symptoms might be associated with specific AD genotypes.
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PMID:APOE-related frequency of cognitive and noncognitive symptoms in dementia. 912 Dec 26

Studies in the United States and Europe revealed that a comprehensive geriatric assessment is useful in the management and treatment of elderly disabled patients. In Japan, there are few reports of the development of such assessment. We examined the reliability of a scale designed to assess the performance of activities of daily living (ADL), a revised version of Hasegawa's Dementia Scale) HDSR, and a depression scale (GDS-15), using results from 140 patients over 65 years old who were admitted to our hospital from the end of January to early February 1994. The reliabilities of the ADL and HDSR scales were acceptable, but the kappa value of the GDS-15 was very low. The ADL score was low in patients with cerebrovascular diseases, dementia, and bone and joint problems, but the HDSR score was not low in the latter group. These results suggest that each disease has a characteristic pattern of impairments and disabilities. Although psychological assessment is essential and requires validation, a prospective study of outcomes in the evaluated elderly patients might also be fruitful.
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PMID:[Development of comprehensive assessment system for elderly patients in a geriatric hospital]. 921 82


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