Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the results of a direct comparison of two instruments, the SF-12 health survey and the EuroQol Group's EQ-5D, in a sample drawn from the adult US population. The data were collected via a survey instrument mailed to 1,800 subjects in the USA. The instrument contained the EQ-5D valuation questionnaire and the items of the SF-12. In addition, the subjects were asked to provide demographic information, complete a depression screening item and to indicate if they had any of seven common chronic conditions. The usable response rate was 23.7%. Patients indicating a health problem on the EQ-5D had significantly lower mean SF-12 component scores (i.e. MCS-12 and PCS-12) for all dimensions. As was expected, the relationships were stronger between the EQ-5D functional dimensions and the PCS-12 and between the MCS-12 and the EQ-5D anxiety/depression dimension. The EQ-5D visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were positively correlated with both component scores; r = 0.55 for PCS-12 and r = 0.41 for MCS-12. The results of this investigation provide support for the validity of both the EQ-5D and the SF-12 as descriptive measures of health status. The measurements by both instruments behaved in patterns that were consistent with recognized sociodemographic differences in health status. The limitations of the dimensional structure of the EQ-5D were somewhat overcome by the use of the VAS, which may also be possible with a constructed index score based on explicit values derived from a general population. The SF-12 appeared to be more sensitive to differences associated with less severe morbidity.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of the EQ-5D and SF-12 in an adult US sample. 952 97

The present study examined the role of catastrophizing in predicting levels of pain and disability in a sample of individuals who had sustained soft-tissue injuries to the neck, shoulders or back following work or motor vehicle accidents. Participants were 86 (27 men, 59 women) consecutive referrals to the Atlantic Pain Clinic, a multidisciplinary treatment centre for the management of persistent pain disorders. Findings revealed that catastrophizing, measured by the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS; Sullivan, M.J.L. et al., Psychol. Assess., 7 (1995) 524-532) was significantly correlated with patients' reported pain intensity, perceived disability and employment status. The results of a regression analysis further showed that catastrophizing contributed to the prediction of disability over and above the variance accounted for by pain intensity. In addition, catastrophizing was associated with disability independent of the levels of depression and anxiety. The rumination subscale of the PCS was the strongest predictor of pain and disability. Theoretical and clinical implications of the findings are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Catastrophizing, pain, and disability in patients with soft-tissue injuries. 980 50

The relationship between the cognitive and physical aspects of multiple sclerosis (MS) and health-related quality of life (HRQL) was examined with particular focus on illness intrusiveness as a mediator of this relationship. Disease severity, cognitive functioning HRQL, depression, and illness intrusiveness were assessed in 90 patients with MS. Disease severity (Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS]) predicted physical aspects of HRQL (SF-36 Physical Component Summary [PCS], fatigue, and bladder control). Information-processing speed (Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test [PASAT]) predicted mental and emotional aspects of HRQL (SF-36 Mental Component Summary [MCS]). However, both the EDSS and the PASAT predicted depression. Illness intrusiveness was significantly correlated with all indicators of HRQL Illness intrusiveness also mediated the manner in which disease severity predicted: physical health, fatigue, and depression. Results underscore the need to assess MS and its impact more broadly rather than relying on traditional mobility-centered assessments. While in most cases physical indices of disease predict physical quality of life and cognitive assessments predict mental and emotional quality of life, the individuals perception of MS is also a major factor contributing to quality of life. MS dearly affects multiple aspects of life and activity, as illustrated by the broad and powerful network of relationships between illness intrusiveness and all aspects of HRQL Perceptions of illness intrusiveness appear to be a central and essential measure of the impact of MS on HRQL.
 ...
PMID:Determinants of health-related quality of life in multiple sderosis: the role of illness intrusiveness. 1216 94

This study investigated the relationship between self-reports of postconcussional symptoms, depression, and anxiety in neurologically normal young adults and recovered victims of mild head injuries (MHI). The participants were 496 young adults with no history of MHI or depression, 56 neurologically normal individuals with clinical depression, and 40 people with history of MHI. All completed the Beaumont Postconcussional Index (BPCI), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Groups were compared on frequency and severity of postconcussional symptoms, as well as general symptoms. Analysis revealed high correlations between scores on the Postconcussional Index (PCI) and the BDI-II (r=0.68) as well as between PCI and BAI (r=0.64). Correlations between BDI-II, BAI, and the General Symptom Index (GSI) were modest, but significant (r=0.44 and 0.48, respectively). MHI participants reported minimally higher scores on the PCI than the normative group. However, depressed individuals exhibited substantially higher endorsement of PCI symptoms and modestly higher endorsement of GSI symptoms than either the normative or MHI groups. The potential rule that depression can have in producing, exacerbating, and maintaining PCS-like symptoms must be considered when evaluating and treating victims of MHI.
 ...
PMID:Relationships among postconcussional-type symptoms, depression, and anxiety in neurologically normal young adults and victims of mild brain injury. 1459 Jan 58

Measurement of depression and other mood states in pain patients has been criticised in recent years on the grounds that most questionnaires were not developed in pain populations and suffer from criterion contamination by somatic items. In addition, there is no accepted measurement for positive emotions which are more than the absence of depression. The aim of this study was to develop a reliable and brief tool to assess mood in pain patients. Non-somatic items concerning depression, anxiety and positive outlook were extracted using exploratory factor analysis from commonly used instruments (the Beck Depression Inventory and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) completed by over 900 chronic pain patients. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the internal structure of the final item set. Items were then reworded and presented as a new questionnaire (the Depression, Anxiety and Positive Outlook Scale: DAPOS) to two new samples: patients attending pain management and patients attending osteopathy. The new questionnaire was compared with several well-known questionnaires (SF36, BDI, PCS). The structure was calibrated and tested using confirmatory factor analysis on both samples. Finally, a subset of patients carried out a sorting task to test for face validity. The DAPOS performed well, indicating that it is a reliable measure of the three mood states with good initial evidence of validity in these samples.
 ...
PMID:The development and testing of the depression, anxiety, and positive outlook scale (DAPOS). 1508 40

In this study, 107 primary total joint replacement (TJR) patients were assessed preoperatively using the SF-36 (Mental Component Score [MCS] and Physical Component Score [PCS]), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory, Interpersonal Support Evaluation List, and the Coping Strategies Questionnaire. Patients with preoperative MCS < 50 had significantly higher trait anxiety (P <.001), higher BDI scores (P <.001), and lower appraisal (P <.018) and belonging (P <.006) support when compared with patients with preoperative MCS > or = 50. Low MCS patients used more catastrophizing coping techniques (P <.001) and reported poorer pain control (P <.04). A multivariate prediction model found that adding preoperative MCS to baseline demographic and physical function (PCS) measures significantly improved the prediction of 6-month change in PCS. Further research should evaluate the role of multimodality emotional support in assuring optimal physical return after TJR.
 ...
PMID:Psychological attributes of preoperative total joint replacement patients: implications for optimal physical outcome. 1545 31

This study examines relationships between patient reported outcomes (PROs) and clinical outcomes in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients at the outpatient clinics of a university hospital completed measures of generic health status (SF-12), diabetes-specific quality of life (Audit of Diabetes Dependent Quality of Life - ADDQoL), and depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression - CES-D). Patient reported data were merged with a retrospective collection of clinical and utilization data, including HbA1C, from electronic medical records. A Charlson comorbidity score, diabetes complications score, BMI, and total number of ER and hospital visits were calculated. Usable response rate was 44.3% (n = 385). Patients were dichotomized into glycemic control levels based on the ADA recommended A1C level < 7.0, vs. >or= 7.0. The ADDQoL, PCS-12, and MCS-12 scores were separately examined as dependent variables using hierarchical regression models, with glycemic control as the primary explanatory variable, and controlling for demographics and clinical variables including comorbidities and complications. Glycemic control was not a significant predictor in any regression model. Obesity was a significant predictor leading to poorer PCS-12 and MCS-12 scores, while depressive symptoms significantly resulted in lower PCS-12, MCS-12 and ADDQoL scores. These and other factors related to self-management behaviors may contribute to a greater understanding of how to intervene with patients with T2DM. The use of such PROs alongside biomedical measures such as A1C is recommended.
 ...
PMID:Quality of life, health status and clinical outcomes in Type 2 diabetes patients. 1703 3

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between sleep quality, pain, psychological distress, cognitive status and post-traumatic experience in advanced cancer patients. Participants were 82 advanced cancer patients referred to a palliative care unit for control of pain and other symptoms. A variety of assessment tools were used to examine the prevalence of sleep disturbance, the severity of pain and depression, hopelessness, cognitive function and quality of life. Using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) 96% of patients were 'poor sleepers'. Statistically significant associations were found between PSQI and the SF-12 (Short Form-12) Quality of Life Instrument (MCS, P < 0.0005, PCS, P < 0.0005), depression (Greek Depression Inventory) (P < 0.0005) and hopelessness (Beck Hopelessness Scale) (P = 0.003). Strong associations were also found between PSQI and IES-R (Impact of Event Scale-Revised) (P = 0.004). The strongest predictors of poor sleep quality in this model were MCS (P < 0.0005), PCS (P < 0.0005) and IES-R (P = 0.010). Post-traumatic experience and quality of life seemed to be the strongest predictors of sleep quality in a sample of advanced cancer patients referred for palliative care.
 ...
PMID:How is sleep quality affected by the psychological and symptom distress of advanced cancer patients? 1883 88

This is a study of the impact of specific and overall comorbidity on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in men with primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). In a population-based sample of male veterans who responded to a cross-sectional survey using the validated short-form 36 for veterans (SF-36 V) and had undergone primary TKA prior to survey, eight SF-36 V domain and two summary scores (physical and mental component (PCS and MCS) summary) were compared using multivariable-adjusted multiple linear regressions between patients with and without five comorbidities--chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)/asthma, diabetes, depression, hypertension, and heart disease. Analyses were adjusted for age, five comorbidities, and time since TKA. Two hundred ninety-three male patients constituted the analytic set with mean (SD) age of 70.3 (8.8) years; 97% were Caucasian and mean (SD) duration since TKA was 2.1 (0.7) years. COPD/asthma was associated with significantly lower adjusted MCS (mean +/- standard error of mean, 47.1 +/- 0.7 vs. 43.1 +/- 1.2; p <or= 0.001) and PCS (30.1 +/- 0.6 vs. 27.7 +/- 1.0; p < 0.05), depression with significantly lower MCS (48.9 +/- 0.7 vs. 37.6 +/- 1.2; p <or= 0.001) but not PCS, hypertension with significantly lower MCS (47.0 +/- 0.7 vs. 44.3 +/- 1.0; p < 0.05) but not PCS, and heart disease with significantly lower MCS (47.4 +/- 0.8 vs. 44.2 +/- 0.9; p <or= 0.001) and PCS (30.5 +/- 0.7 vs. 28.1 +/- 0.8; p < 0.05). Diabetes was not associated with lower MCS or PCS. The overall number of comorbidities was associated with lower MCS and PCS (p <or= 0.001 for both). Medical and psychiatric comorbidity impacts physical and mental/emotional HRQoL in patients with primary TKA. The impact differs by comorbidity. Higher comorbidity load negatively impacts both physical and mental/emotional HRQoL.
 ...
PMID:Effect of comorbidity on quality of life of male veterans with prevalent primary total knee arthroplasty. 1944 46

Our objectives were to examine the prevalence of work disability (WD) and factors associated with job loss in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a large, multi-centered Canadian sample to determine the current prevalence of WD and identify the contribution of disease activity, damage, and co-morbidities with respect to WD in this cohort. Cross-sectional data on WD status from the 1000 Canadian Faces of Lupus database (a multi-center multi-ethnic cohort of SLE patients) along with clinical measures (number of ACR criteria ever, SLICC Damage Index, SLAM, SLEDAI, SF-36 and Charlson Co-morbidity Index scores), demographic features (age, sex, high school education, household income, marital status, disease duration, employment status) and co-morbidities (including self-reported fibromyalgia, arthralgias, depression and fatigue) were used in bivariate and logistic regression analyses. The 1137 SLE patients had a mean age of 50 years (SE 0.75) and mean disease duration was 18 years (SE 0.70); 19.09% were work disabled and 49.78% were employed. Those with WD were more likely than non-WD SLE patients to have: a higher number of ACR criteria for SLE; not completed high school; older age; single marital status; a lower household income; longer disease duration; higher SLICC Damage Index and SLAM scores; lower SF-36 PCS and SF-36 MCS scores; less vigorous activity per week; and fibromyalgia, arthralgias, fatigue and depression (p < 0.05). This contemporary rate of WD is lower than many past reports. Socio-demographic factors, co-morbidities (fibromyalgia and fatigue) and disease related factors were strongly associated with WD. We cannot determine cause and effect as the study was cross-sectional.
 ...
PMID:Work disability in systemic lupus erythematosus is prevalent and associated with socio-demographic and disease related factors. 1985 11


1 2 3 4 5 Next >>