Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. The effects of phenol and phenyl glucuronide on the responses of normal rat brain adenyl cyclase to noradrenaline and dopamine have been investigated. Neurotransmitter responses have also been examined in brains from uraemic and normal rats. 2. A depressive effect of phenol on the adenosine 3' :5' -cyclic monophosphate response of the neostriatum to dopamine was shown to be completely abolished if the toxin was present in the conjugated form; the response of the cortex to noradrenaline was stimulated by the presence of phenyl glucuronide, even though the unconjugated form had no effect. 3. The uraemic state in the rat also resulted in a depression of the neostriatum response to dopamine, yet an enhancement of the cortical response to noradrenaline. 4. The action of phenols of the brain is relevant to hepatic and uraemic coma.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1978 Sep
PMID:Effect of unconjugated and conjugated phenol and uraemia on the synthesis of adenosine 3' :5' -cyclic monophosphate in rat brain homogenates. 21 46

Carbamylcholine and acetylcholine through a muscarinic type of receptor, KCl, ionophore A-23187 and NaF increased cyclic GMP accumulation in dog-thyroid slices. These effects were abolished in calcium-depleted slices, which findings confirm that Ca2+ is required for cyclic GMP accumulation. All these agents depressed the accumulation of cyclic AMP in TSH-stimulated slices. KCl and NaF depressed cyclic AMP accumulation in TSH-treated slices even when they had been depleted of Ca2+. This suggests a cyclic GMP- and Ca2+-independent mechanism. The absence of inhibition of the effects of the ionophore, NaF and KCl in the presence of atropine suggests that these drugs do not act by inducing the release of acetylcholine in the slices. The effects of carbamylcholine and ionophore A-23187 on cyclic GMP accumulation and protein iodination were reversible; the inhibitions of TSH-induced cyclic AMP accumulation and secretion were non-competitive and were not accompanied by a depression of ATP levels. All these effects were greatly decreased in the absence of extracellular Ca2+. These data suggest that carbamylcholine and ionophore A-23187 act mainly by increasing the influx of extracellular Ca2+ in thyroid cells. However, the persistence of some carbamylcholine effect in the absence of Ca2+ in the medium suggests that this agent may also trigger the release of Ca2+ from an intrafollicular pool. The kinetics of action of carbamylcholine are compatible with a role of cyclic GMP in the inhibition of cyclic AMP accumulation. However, with the ionophore, the depression of cyclic AMP accumulation was much longer than the rise of cyclic GMP, which suggests a mechanism independent of cyclic GMP.
Mol Cell Endocrinol 1979 Apr
PMID:Effects of carbamylcholine and ionophore A-23187 on cyclic 3',5'-AMP and cyclic 3',5'-GMP accumulation in dog-thyroid slices. 22 40

1. A questionnaire, modified from Bulpitt & Dollery (1973), inquired about 20 symptoms commonly associated with hypertension or its drug therapy in 1017 subjects (age 30--69 years). Groups consisted of (a) active therapy, (b) placebo, (c) no tablets, and (d) a non-study control group. The response rate was 96% in the first three groups and 92% in group (d). 2. The subjects in groups (a), (b) and (c) constituted part of a placebo-controlled, patient-blind intervention study in the treatment of mild hypertension (The Australian National Blood Pressure Study). 3. After age/sex adjustment of the data, only sleepiness and self-assessed depression were found to be more common in the actively treated group. Impotence, failure of ejaculation and nocturia were age-related symptoms. Generally, complaint rate was higher in females. 4. The knowledge of a mild hypertensive condition or its modern drug therapy lead to very few symptoms in a non-hospital population who already have a fairly high 'complaint level'.
Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl 1978 Dec
PMID:Side-effects of antihypertensive treatment: a placebo-controlled study. 28 81

1. An investigation was carried out into the mechanism of unexplained hypotension in patients with fulminant hepatic failure. The cardiac output and peripheral resistance were compared in normotensive and hypotensive patients. In addition, the serum concentration of the false neurotransmitter octopamine and the pressor response to noradrenaline, and to the indirectly acting sympathomimetic agent tyramine, were measured in hypotensive and normotensive patients with fulminant hepatic failure and in healthy subjects. 2. The cardiac output and the peripheral resistance were decreased in the hypotensive patients, and their mean heart rate was slower than in the normotensive patients. Although the serum octopamine concentration was significantly elevated in the patients compared with the control subjects, the highest octopamine concentrations were unexpectedly found in the normotensive patients and a significant positive correlation could be demonstrated between the resting blood pressure and the serum octopamine concentration. The pressor response to tyramine and noradrenaline were similar in the hypotensive patients, the normotensive patients and control subjects. 3. These results suggest that neither increased serum concentrations of the false neurotransmitter octopamine, nor end-organ insensitivity to released noradrenaline are responsible for the hypotension. A more likely explanation is toxic depression of the vasomotor centre. The opening of peripheral arteriovenous shunts, possibly as a result of endotoxaemia, might be an additional factor.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1977 Mar
PMID:The role of the false neurotransmitter octopamine in the hypotension of fulminant hepatic failure. 32 Nov 79

Seven temperature-sensitive mutants have been isolated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae which show a reproducible defect in DNA synthesis at the restrictive temperature. One of these is allelic with rna11 (Hartwell et al., 1970) but the remaining mutants define six complementation groups and probably represent six different genes. The gene symbol dds (for depressed DNA synthesis) is proposed. At the restrictive temperature, rna11-2, dds2-1 and dds6-1 show a rapid and almost total cessation of DNA and RNA synthesis, whilst protein synthesis continues for several hours. The remaining dds mutants show a reduced rate of DNA synthesis from the time of temperature shift (dd1, dds3, dds4) or a cessation of DNA synthesis at a later time (dds5). In some cases, RNA synthesis is affected concomitantly with, or soon after, the depression in DNA synthesis. Possible reasons for the phenotypes of these mutants, and for the relative absence of yeast mutants which are unambiguously and specifically affected in DNA synthesis, are discussed. In addition, we report the isolation of seven new alleles of known cdc genes and ten new mutants with a cell cycle phenotype that complement those already known.
Mol Gen Genet 1978 May 03
PMID:Mutants of yeast with depressed DNA synthesis. 35 10

Treatment of unanesthetized castrated adult male rats every 3 h for 48 h with either 5 microgram of arginine vasotocin (AVT) and/or 1 microgram luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH) caused a significant inhibition of plasma levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and compared to castrated control rats receiving diluent only. However, the intravenous (iv) injection of 1 microgram of AVT into urethane-anesthetized male rats which had been castrated for 0, 24 or 48 h did not affect plasma levels of LH at 10, 20 or 60 min following injection compared to their respective diluent-treated castrated control rats. Similarly, the iv injection of either 100 ng, 1 microgram or 10 microgram AVT was unable to acutely affect plasma levels of LH in intact male rats. Following the iv injection of 2 doses of 50 ng LRH spaced 1 h apart in anesthetized castrated male rats, 2 peaks of equal magnitude in plasma LH were noted. Castrated rats treated with 2 injections spaced 1 h apart of LRH + AVT had significantly higher plasma levels of LH than did rats treated with LRH alone. In subsequent studies, both AVT and arginine vasopressin were observed to augment the plasma response of LH to an injection of LRH whereas oxytocin had no effect. A single injection of AVT + LRH significantly augmented the plasma titers of LH compared to levels observed in LRH-treated control rats as did a second injection 1 h later. The administration of cyproterone acetate sc for 2 days by itself had no effect on plasma LH but in conjunction with LRH caused a marked rise in plasma LH compared to intact rats treated with LRH alone. AVT in combination with LRH and cyproterone acetate caused a significant elevation in plasma LH at 60 min post-injection when compared to plasma levels of rats treated with LRH alone or the combination of LRH and cyproterone acetate. It is concluded that acute intravenous injections of AVT augment the LH-releasing activity of LRH; chronic treatment for 48 h, however, with LRH + AVT leads to a significant depression of plasma LH perhaps due to an exhaustion of the releasable pool of LH in the anterior pituitary.
Mol Cell Endocrinol 1979 Apr
PMID:Interaction of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, cyproterone acetate and arginine vasotocin on plasma levels of luteinizing hormone in intact and castrated adult male rats. 37 36

The addition of nalidixic acid to growing cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae resulted in a transient depression in the rate of ribosomal precursor RNA production and a transient arrest of cells in G1. Protein synthesis rates were less affected. Lower concentrations of nalidixic acid also affected RNA synthesis and progression through G1 but had no effect on protein synthesis rates. We suggest that nalidixic acid has a primary effect on RNA synthesis leading to a G1 arrest.
Mol Gen Genet 1979 Oct 02
PMID:Nalidixic acid causes a transient G1 arrest in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 39 48

Physical and chemical considerations permit the division of the near-surface regolith on Mars into at least six zones of distinct microenvironments. The zones are euphotic, duricrust/peds, tempofrost, permafrost, endolithic, and interfacial/transitional. Microenvironments vary significantly in temperature extremes, mean temperature, salt content, relative pressure of water vapor, UV and visible light irradiance, and exposure to ionizing radiation events (100 Mrad) and oxidative molecular species. From what is known of the chemistry of the atmosphere and regolith fines (soil), limits upon the aqueous chemistry of soil pastes may be estimated. Heat of wetting could reach 45 cal/g dry soil; initial pH is indeterminate between 1 and 10; ionic strength and salinity are predicted to be extremely high; freezing point depression is inadequate to provide quantities of liquid water except in special cases. The prospects for biotic survival are grim by terrestrial standards, but the extremes of biological resiliency are inaccessible to evaluation. Second-generation in situ experiments which will better define Martian microenvironments are clearly possible. Antarctic dry valleys are approximations to Martian conditions, but deviate significantly by at least half-a-dozen criteria.
J Mol Evol 1979 Dec
PMID:Chemical and physical microenvironments at the Viking landing sites. 52 49

1. The effect of extracellular volume expansion (ECVE) during water diuresis, and of water diuresis alone, on the formation of free water in man was compared. 2. ECVE reduced free water formation at any given rate of distal delivery compared with water diuresis. Thus, ECVE depresses distal sodium chloride reabsorption. 3. This attenuation of free water formation occurred both when urine flow (V/100 ml glomerular filtration rate) and distal chloride delivery [(Cwater + Ccl)/100 ml glomerular filtration rate] were used as the terms for distal delivery. 4. We suggest that the distal depression of sodium chloride reabsorption after ECVE is robably due to a direct inhibition of distal sodium chloride transport mechanisms, and not to the flooding of the diluting site by the poorly reabsorbable bicarbonate ion.
Clin Sci Mol Med 1978 Mar
PMID:The effect of acute extracellular volume expansion on sodium chloride reabsorption in the diluting segment in man. 63 Aug 10

The ilv 1 gene in S. cerevisiae codes for a regulatory protein involved in depression of the ilv 2 and ilv 3 genes as well as a biosynthetic enzyme, threonine deaminase. 2. The ilv 1 gene does not autogenously regulate its catalytic product threonine deaninase. 3. Regulation of the ilv 2 and ilv 3 gene products involve different aporepressors than regulation of the ilv 1 gene product. 4. The ilv I multifunctional gene in S. cerevisiae may be a duplication and fusion of a bacterial like ilv 1 gene where ilv 1 catalytic and regulatory function have been differentially conserved.
Mol Gen Genet 1975 Dec 23
PMID:Regulation of the ilv 1 multifunctional gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 76 33


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>