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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Immune function has been evaluated in 54 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and 26 controls. Cell-mediated immunity was assessed by skin testing with ubiquitous antigens, and humoral immunity by antibody responses to tetanus toxoid and Salmonella typhi vaccinations, and resting titres of anti-Streptolysin O, anti-E Coli, and isohemagglutinins. The AS patients had reduced delayed hypersensitivity responses to Candida, augmented responses to Streptococcal antigen and relatively low ASO titres. There was no generalized depression of humoral immunity, as indicated by the normal tetanus and Salmonella O responses and hyper-response to Salmonella H antigen. The E. Coli and isohemagglutinin titres were normal. These results indicate that patients with AS present a complex immunological profile, including exaggerated responses to some antigens and impaired responses to others. In view of the very high incidence of HLA-B27 in AS, it is possible that these findings are related to the effects of HLA associated immune response genes.
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PMID:Immune function in ankylosing spondylitis: apparent relationship between streptococcal responses and HLA B27. 32 6

A cognitive-behavioral treatment program for pain control was administered to 22 subjects with a diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in a self-help setting of the German Rheumatism League. A sample of 17 AS subjects from the same setting served as waiting-list controls. The program consisted of training in progressive muscle relaxation, cognitive restructuring, attention related techniques and pleasant activity scheduling, and was aimed at an improvement of self-control strategies. Ratings of pain severity, anxiety, depression, psychophysiological complaints, and sleep disturbances were used to evaluate the outcome. Follow-up assessments were conducted six months post treatment. A significant interaction between treatment condition and assessment period was demonstrated. Further analyses indicate a beneficial effect of the treatment in all outcome measures apart from general symptoms during pain attacks at the follow-up assessment. Reductions of pain intensity, anxiety, and psychophysiological symptoms were maintained at 12 month follow-up. Although pain reduction was statistically significant, it did not exceed 14% in the pain diary. The more important aspect of the treatment appears to be emotional stabilization and increased feelings of well-being.
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PMID:Cognitive-behavioral therapy in patients with ankylosing spondylitis in a German self-help organization. 171 Jun 69

A randomized study was performed on 24 patients with ankylosing spondylitis to compare the efficacy and tolerability of 20 mg tenoxicam daily with 50 mg diclofenac twice daily. There were 6 withdrawals from the group taking tenoxicam and 4 from the diclofenac group. Depression in 1 patient taking tenoxicam was the only significant adverse event. Both drugs were otherwise well tolerated. Tenoxicam and diclofenac were rated as good or excellent by 27% and 55% of patients, respectively. Global assessment, pain and duration of morning stiffness were improved with both drugs but this improvement was not statistically significant and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. This study confirms that tenoxicam is effective and well tolerated but larger numbers would be required to detect a small difference between groups.
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PMID:Tenoxicam compared with diclofenac in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. 217 70

The microhysteroscope, which affords direct in vivo observation of otherwise inaccessible surfaces, can be used to great advantage in arthroscopy. Although conventional arthroscopy can distinguish between 'inflammatory' and 'reactive' (post-traumatic) synovial changes, the microendoscope offers the possibility of more precise differentiation. Synovial membranes, joint cartilage, and menisci were studied at four different magnifications, including microscopic observation of vitally stained cells. Frankly pathological synovia (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis) were compared and distinguished from examples of less florid synovial changes. The fibrocartilaginous structure of the menisci and secondary undulations and tertiary depression of joint cartilage become visible in vivo with the microendoscope; these may well point to early damage to these structures. The authors believe that the three dimensional images at the magnifications provided by this microendoscope go some way towards bridging the gap between the conventional arthroscope, the light microscope, and the scanning electron microscope. This report presents preliminary findings with this new technique.
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PMID:New methods in arthroscopy: preliminary investigations. 374 Sep 79

80 female patients were tested for personality differences by the Freiburg Personality Inventory and the Giessen Test Self Image. They were divided into four groups with 20 patients each, suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, spondylosis and coxarthrosis. While RA patients did not significantly differ from AS patients, nor spondylosis patients from coxarthrosis patients, certain personality differences were detected between the patients with inflammatory and those with degenerative rheumatic diseases. These results, however, do not allow us to draw the conclusion that a "degenerative or inflammatory rheumatic personality" exists. Besides the Giessen Test Self Image the Giessen Test Self Ideal was also administered to all of the patients. In all four groups the desire for a better basic mood and less depression was prevailing. RA patients also wanted more "social resonance" and "predominance". AS patients wanted significantly less "control" and more "responsiveness". These components should be given special consideration in the psychological care of rheumatic patients.
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PMID:[Personality structure of chronic rheumatically ill females]. 387 65

Rheumatic patients very often suffer from chronic pain and impairment and show psychological reactions as a consequence of their physical condition. These reactions may vary from psychophysiological symptoms to anger, anxiety, or depression. We developed a cognitive-behavioral treatment programme in a group setting format with components of relaxation, cognitive restructuring, and the promotion of well-being. Subjects included in the study were given diagnoses of low back pain, tension headache, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. Treatment effects in different diagnostic groups were compared to each other, supporting the assumption that pain reduction is greatest in low back pain and least in ankylosing spondylitis. Subjects with inflammatory rheumatic diseases showed some improvement in self-reported physical complaints and in their feelings of well-being.
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PMID:Group treatment for pain and discomfort. 833 93

Depression has been established as a common reaction to rheumatoid arthritis but has rarely been investigated among people with other forms of arthritis. The present study examined the prevalence and determinants of depressive symptoms in people with ankylosing spondylitis, focusing on gender differences and set in the context of widely held medical views concerning the psychosocial nature of ankylosing spondylitis patients. Results showed that approximately one third of the ankylosing spondylitis patients reported a high level of depressive symptoms and that women reported more depression than men. No evidence was found to support the stereotype of the "typical" ankylosing spondylitis patient as being less depressed than people with other forms of arthritis. Pain was found to be a major determinant of depression for women, but was of lesser importance for men. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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PMID:Gender, depression, and ankylosing spondylitis. 844 58

Arthritis is a common chronic disease causing pain and progressive disability to millions of people. The purpose of the study was to examine the effectiveness of group patient education for people with one form of arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis (AS), in terms of change in: arthritis self-efficacy; psychological well-being; physical well-being; and home exercise activities. The Self-Management Course-Ankylosing Spondylitis (SMC-AS) demonstrated positive effects on arthritis self-efficacy and psychological well-being at 6-month follow-up. Analysis of change over time in the intervention group showed improvements in depression, self-efficacy and severity at 3 weeks, with trends towards continued improvement evident at 6 months. In contrast, the positive effects on range and frequency of home exercise activities at 3 weeks were not maintained at 6 months. In conclusion, the effectiveness of short, intensive patient education courses was demonstrated. However, the need for strategies to sustain improvements in exercise behaviour need to be explored.
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PMID:Group education for people with arthritis. 878 54

Quality of life encompasses the net effects that a patient perceives an illness to have on his or her life. Quality of life commonly includes symptoms, physical functioning, work ability, social interaction, psychological functioning, treatment side effects, and financial costs. In ankylosing spondylitis, although symptoms of pain, stiffness, and fatigue are common and moderately severe, few patients develop severe functional disability and most remain employed. The limited information available suggests that most patients with ankylosing spondylitis have few problems with social interactions, although depression is not uncommon. Direct medical costs of ankylosing spondylitis are low, compared with those of other rheumatic diseases.
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PMID:Quality of life in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. 989 12

The aim of this research was to explore the impact that diagnostic status has on information processing biases among chronic pain (CP) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients. AS patients, CP patients, and healthy hospital staff controls, completed a questionnaire and short computer task. During the computer task participants endorsed sensory, depression, illness, and neutral adjectives, following a cue question (which facilitated encoding of the adjectives in relation to the self). They were then asked to recall the adjectives in a surprise memory task. Diagnosed CP patients demonstrated a recall bias away from depression related stimuli, whilst the non-diagnosed CP patients did not. The results also suggest an association between receipt of a diagnosis and better psychological outcome in terms of information processing biasing. It was questioned whether the presence of a diagnosis among CP patients who are not currently depressed may protect or 'buffer' them against cognitive biasing towards classic depression related stimuli. The diagnosed AS group showed a bias towards sensory stimuli, perhaps reflecting the presence of an enduring and over-riding pain schema. The non-pain control group also displayed a sensory bias, which was attributed to a frequency effect as a result of working in an environment where they were regularly exposed to sensory language. The results are discussed in relation to existing literature in this area and implications for clinical practice are provided.
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PMID:Information processing biases among chronic pain patients and ankylosing spondylitis patients: the impact of diagnosis. 1260 Jul 91


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