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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We assessed detainee abuse acceptance and variables associated with it. Outpatients from a veterans' hospital were administered questionnaires with three increasingly severe scenarios of a U.S. soldier abusing a detainee. Three questionnaire versions differed in the final line of each version's scenarios, describing abuse either as: soldier initiated, superior ordered, or wrong by a "whistleblower" soldier. Three hundred fifty-one veterans participated, 80% with service during the Vietnam War. Zero tolerance for abuse--"completely unacceptable" regardless of who the detainee was--increased with abuse severity (16% for exposure, 31% for humiliation, and 48% for rape of detainee) and with soldier initiation. The strongest, most consistently significant odds were of depressed veterans, veterans with comorbid depression/post-traumatic stress disorder, and men being approximately 2, 3, and 4 to 20 times more tolerant of abuse than those without depression/post-traumatic stress disorder and women, respectively. There may be potential value to using similar scenario-based questionnaires to study active duty military perceptions of detainee abuse. Results may inform prevention policies.
Mil Med 2007 Feb
PMID:Abuse of war zone detainees: veterans' perceptions of acceptability. 1735 73

The presence of psychotic symptoms in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has already been recognized. Using the Structured Clinical Interview Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, we searched for and assessed psychotic symptoms in 91 males suffering from combat-related PTSD. Hallucinations and delusions were present in 20% of patients. We divided all patients into three groups: the group with hallucinations and delusions, the group without these symptoms, and the group with "subthreshold" psychotic symptoms. Using the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire, Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale, and Structured Clinical Interview Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, we investigated differences between groups in the intensity of traumatization, severity of PTSD symptoms, and the frequency of depression. There were no significant differences between groups; however, there was one exception: severity of hyperarousal symptoms was positively correlated with occurrence of psychotic symptoms.
Mil Med 2007 Mar
PMID:Psychotic symptoms in combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder. 1743 71

This retrospective study reviewed medical records to determine sociodemographic characteristics of women in a substance use treatment center at a Pacific Regional Medical Command facility. Data were collected from records between September 1, 1999, and August 31, 2002. Three questions were investigated, as follows. (1) What are the sociodemographic characteristics of women entering substance abuse treatment? (2) Are there coexisting conditions (psychiatric history and/or family history of abuse or psychiatric conditions) that accompany the substance abuse problem? (3) What are the referral sources for patients entering treatment? Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. The sample was primarily Caucasian, between 18 and 25 years of age. The most frequently occurring conditions were depression and anxiety. The smallest number of referrals was from primary care managers. The findings support the need for thorough screening and assessment for substance use in women and assessment of primary care managers' compliance, knowledge, and skills in evaluating substance use in women.
Mil Med 2007 Mar
PMID:Sociodemographic profile of women entering a military substance use disorder treatment center. 1743 73

Blast trauma can result in injuries to peritoneal organs. Penetrating extraperitoneal shotgun wounds and even tangential gunshot or shotgun injuries of the abdominal or chest wall can result in damage to abdominal organs despite an intact peritoneum and diaphragm. Delays in diagnosis and operative repair of such bowel injuries are frequently associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. We present a case of a 47-year-old man with a history of depression and a self-inflicted shot-gun wound to the chest wall, which was tangential and never entered the chest cavity. Computed tomography of the chest revealed free subdiaphragmatic air. Exploratory laparotomy revealed a 4-cm perforation of the wall of the splenic flexure of the large bowel. There was no injury to the peritoneum, diaphragm, or other abdominal viscera. The colonic perforation was repaired by suturing with a stapling instrument. The operation was completed with an appendectomy and cecostomy.
Mil Med 2007 Mar
PMID:Perforation of the colon from the primary blast effect of an extraperitoneal shotgun injury: case report. 1743 81

In this case report, an elderly combat veteran with a chronic course of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) that was untreated for nearly 60 years was evaluated and treated with a combination of medication and graded exposure psychotherapy. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports on graded exposure in the elderly. The course of treatment lessened the key symptom domains of PTSD. Comorbid depression was also lessened. Although a single case report, it would appear that elderly patients do respond to psychotherapeutic techniques such as graded exposure therapy. Given the large percentage of the elderly population that has witnessed combat and due to the continuing military conflicts that the United States has been involved in over recent decades, treatments for PTSD in an aging population will be necessary.
Mil Med 2007 Jun
PMID:Post-traumatic stress disorder in an elderly combat veteran: a case report. 1761 53

Significant recent effort has been directed toward screening and describing military populations in relation to deployment. Missing from these recent efforts is information describing screened mental health symptoms for the population of active duty military that are seen for mental health services. This article presents mental health screening data for 2,882 soldiers seeking services at a military facility outpatient behavioral health clinic. Screening positive for multiple symptom domains was common, with >60% of the sample screening positive for more than one clinical symptom domain. Post-traumatic stress disorder and depression were among the most commonly identified disorders, followed by alcohol abuse. This screening data, gathered using measures similar to those used in published deployment-related screening efforts, suggest differences that exist between the clinical population and the overall military population, providing some insights into the rates of clinical symptomatology within the military health system and providing a point of comparison for population- screening efforts. Clinical implications include the importance of provider awareness to the high rates of comorbidity across symptom domains.
Mil Med 2008 Jan
PMID:Screening soldiers in outpatient care for mental health concerns. 1825 27

Knowledge of the impact of childhood psychosocial problems on success in military service is scarce. The purpose of the study was to assess whether childhood psychosocial problems are associated with suitability for military service. The subjects were 2,622 Finnish boys born in 1981. They were first assessed with the Rutter parent and teacher questionnaires and self-reports (Children's Depression Inventory) at age 8. Their suitability for military service was assessed at age 18. A wide range of childhood problems, especially internalizing disorders, predicted release from military service. All informants had predictive association with later suitability for military service. The majority of children with psychiatric problems were later estimated to be fit for military service. The results show a predictive association between childhood psychiatric problems and early adult psychosocial impairment, as estimated by the ability to serve in the military forces.
Mil Med 2008 Feb
PMID:Childhood predictors of military fitness: a prospective, community-based, follow-up study from age 8 to age 18. 1833 90

This study examined problems pertaining to the health and well-being of Army spouses during deployment, comparing those whose experienced extensions of their partners' deployments with those whose partners returned home on time or early. It used data from a 2004 survey of 798 spouses of active duty personnel. Controlling for demographic and deployment characteristics, spouses who experienced extensions fared worse on an array of measures, including mental well-being (e.g., feelings of depression), household strains (e.g., problems with household and car maintenance), and some areas of their jobs (having to stop work or to work fewer hours). There were no statistically significant differences regarding problems pertaining to their overall health, marriage, other work issues, finances, relationships with Army families, or safety. However, spouses who experienced extensions were more likely to perceive the Army negatively during deployment. These findings suggest that deployment extensions may exacerbate certain problems and frustrations for Army spouses.
Mil Med 2008 Mar
PMID:Health-related impact of deployment extensions on spouses of active duty army personnel. 1841 22

This study provides descriptive information and 2-year outcome data on the first intensive, outpatient, coping skills training program for forward-deployed troops in the Western Pacific Ocean region. Established in February 2003 by the Mental Health Department of the U.S. Naval Hospital in Okinawa, Japan, the Outpatient Crisis Prevention Program was designed as a multidisciplinary training program to reduce anxiety and depression and to enhance the coping skills of active duty personnel. This study describes the rationale for creating the program, the patient population, and treatment outcome data collected during the first 2 years. The Beck Depression Inventory II and the Beck Anxiety Inventory were administered as pretraining and posttraining measures to patients who completed the program between February 2003 and February 2005 (N = 326). Results revealed that the Outpatient Crisis Prevention Program was effective in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms and promoting healthy coping behaviors among participants. Follow-up data indicated that gains were maintained 1 month after treatment.
Mil Med 2008 Mar
PMID:Intensive coping skills training to reduce anxiety and depression for forward-deployed troops. 1841 25

Brief structured clinical interviews are a key component of the Department of Defense postdeployment health reassessment program. Such interviews are critical for recommending individuals for follow-up assessment and care. To standardize the interview process, U.S. Army Medical Research Unit-Europe developed a structured interview guide, designed in response to both clinical requirements and research findings. The guide includes sections on depression, suicidality, post-traumatic stress disorder, anger, relationship problems, alcohol problems, and sleep problems. In addition, there is an open-ended section on other problems and a section for case dispositions. Data from a 2005 blinded validation study with soldiers returning from a 1-year-long combat deployment are included to demonstrate the utility of the structured interview. Guidelines and implementation considerations for the use of the structured interview are discussed.
Mil Med 2008 May
PMID:Structured clinical interview guide for postdeployment psychological screening programs. 1854 60


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