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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Among a sample of 767 high utilizers of health care, 51% were identified as distressed by an elevated score on the SCL anxiety and depression scales, the SCL somatization scale, or by their primary-care physician. These distressed high utilizers were found to have a high prevalence of chronic medical problems and significant limitation of activities caused by illness. In the prior year, they made an average of 15 medical visits and 15 telephone calls to the clinic. The Diagnostic Interview Schedule was completed on 119 distressed high utilizers randomly assigned to an intervention group in a controlled trial of psychiatric consultation. The following DSM-III-R disorders were most common: major depression 23.5%, dysthymic disorder 16.8%, generalized anxiety disorder 21.8%, and somatization disorder 20.2%. Two thirds had a lifetime history of major depression. The examination resulted in an improved diagnostic assessment for 40% of intervention patients and a revised treatment plan for 67%.
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PMID:Distressed high utilizers of medical care. DSM-III-R diagnoses and treatment needs. 224 19

The structure of depressive symptom patterns was investigated in a community sample of 344 women between the ages of 51 and 92 who were administered the SCL-90-R Depression and Additional Symptoms Scales. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test alternative measurement hypotheses implied by clinical formulations of depressive symptom patterns among elderly persons. The findings show support for the hypothesis that 2 somewhat different depressive syndromes, along with 4 more delimited forms of distress, underlie symptom-reporting patterns. Implications of these findings for future research on the relation between aging and depression are discussed.
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PMID:Depressive symptom patterns among older women. 231 89

Although the mental health of recently employed persons has been well studied, the mental health of welfare recipients is not well understood. Among our increasing refugee population, many receive welfare benefits at some point. The Hmong are among those who are highly represented among welfare recipients in several areas of the United States. Do psychiatrists have anything to contribute toward the resolution of high welfare rates? This question is especially relevant in refugee populations who are at increased risk for several psychiatric disorders, including depression, paranoia, and adjustment disorders. This study was undertaken among 100 Hmong refugees who had been in the United States for 8 years. Indices of mental health included two rating scales (the Zung Depression Scale and the SCL-90), five-axis DSM-III diagnoses, Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scales, Global Assessment Scale, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Inpatient Multidimensional Scale, and Mini-Mental State Exam. These indices were compared with current welfare status and the duration of time on welfare. Other comparisons with welfare included demographic characteristics, material possessions, acculturation characteristics, health and social problems, and nonoccupation avocations. Results indicate that welfare recipients show lower acculturation and elevated psychiatric symptom levels. Suggestions for ameliorating this situation are extrapolated from studies in the literature on chronically unemployed persons.
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PMID:Welfare status and psychosocial adjustment among 100 Hmong refugees. 233 37

The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and two subscales of the Symptom Checklist-90R (SCL-90R) were compared for assessing depression by giving both instruments to 32 inpatient and 22 outpatient substance abusers. For the inpatients (N = 27), 1-month test-retest reliabilities were .82, .87, and .84 for the BDI and the two subscales of the SCL-90R respectively. For both inpatients (two occasions) and outpatients, the BDI correlated highly (.82 to .90) with the two depression subscales of the SCL-90R. Using both the BDI and the SCL-90R in the same study may simply provide redundant information rather than a more comprehensive assessment of depression in substance abusers.
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PMID:Assessing depression in substance abusers: Beck Depression Inventory and SCL-90R. 234 93

A number of different indicators of psychopathology were assessed in this study of 76 cocaine and crack abusers who entered outpatient treatment in New York City between June and December 1987. The majority (75%) had used cocaine for 4 years or more, and the majority (62%) spent over one thousand dollars a month on cocaine in the 6 months before entry into treatment. Forty-seven percent of the sample were found to be clinically depressed. Phobic disorders were the only other axis I diagnoses found in addition to depression, and all persons who were found to have phobic disorders also were diagnosed as having some form of depressive disorder. The four most common axis II diagnoses were antisocial personality (21%), passive-aggressive (21%), borderline (18%) and self-defeating (18%). Subjects were classified as falling into one of the following three categories of a newly developed "psychopathology classification": a) no diagnosed psychopathology except substance abuse or dependency; b) one or more axis II diagnoses, but no axis I diagnoses except for substance abuse or dependency; c) at least one axis I diagnosis in addition to drug disorders whether or not accompanied by an axis II diagnosis. Mean scores on subscales and total score on the SCL-90, as well as total score on the Beck Depression Inventory, were ordered by category of the classification scheme, with those having no diagnosed psychopathology except substance abuse having the lowest score and persons in the third category having the highest score.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Psychopathology among cocaine abusers entering treatment. 236 58

The authors evaluated a six-session interactive computer cognitive-behavioral treatment program given to volunteer patients who met Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) for major or minor depressive disorder. Patients were randomly assigned to computer-administered cognitive-behavioral treatment, to therapist-administered cognitive-behavioral treatment, or to a waiting-list control condition. After treatment and at 2-month follow-up, both treatment groups had improved significantly more than control subjects in their scores on the Beck Depression Inventory, SCL-90-R depression and global scales, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, and Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire. The treatment groups did not differ from each other at either time.
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PMID:Computer-administered cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression. 240 73

The aim of this study was to conduct a component analysis of a group programme for chronic low back pain patients. Forty-five patients participated in the pain control course, consisting of education about pain and a training in self-hypnosis. A pain diary was used as a measure of pain intensity, up-time and use of pain medication. Psychoneuroticism and depression were assessed using the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90). No evidence was found for a differential efficacy of education or self-hypnosis on pain diary and SCL-90 scores. On completion of the total treatment package, patients manifested statistically significant changes on all measures except reported pain intensity. It is suggested that the pain control course is a non-invasive, inexpensive means of treatment which could be of some value in teaching even more severely disabled low back pain patients to cope more adequately with their pain problem. For this group of patients, a better adjustment to continuing pain may prove to be a more realistic therapy goal than pain reduction.
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PMID:Education and self-hypnosis in the management of low back pain: a component analysis. 252 39

Thirty two cases of chronic renal failure with Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) hospitalized from November, 1984 to July, 1986 were investigated by interview, Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Symptom Check List (SCL-90). Results revealed that the occurrence of depression among dialyzed patients was 56.3%, i.e. 18 patients with high total score of HAMD belonged to organic affective syndrome defined by DSM-III. Causes of developing depression during CAPD were evaluated and analyzed. Authors consider that depression should be viewed as interaction of genetic, psychosocial and neurobiological variables.
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PMID:[Depressive state complicated with chronic renal failure treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis]. 259 Dec 71

This study assessed the clinical picture of two groups of Israeli veterans of the Lebanon war: (a) veterans who sustained a combat stress reaction (CSR) (N = 213), and (b) matched controls not so diagnosed (N = 116). Subjects were screened at three points--one, two, and three years after their participation in the war. The results indicated that Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) was correlated with a wider range of general psychiatric symptomatology, as measured by the SCL-90. Moreover, among PTSD veterans, those who suffered from an antecedent CSR reported wider and more severe symptomatology. This trend was observed at all three time points. The most salient symptoms were obsessive-compulsive tendencies and anxiety, followed by depression and hostility.
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PMID:Characteristic psychiatric symptomatology of post-traumatic stress disorder in veterans: a three year follow-up. 259 88

40 cases of breast tumor (cancer group 20 cases, benign tumor group 20 cases) hospitalized from October, 1986 to April, 1987 were investigated by interview, HAMD, SCL-90 and so on. Results showed that 10 cases met diagnostic criteria of organic affective syndrome defined by DSM-III. The morbidity of depression among all cases was 25 per cent, but the morbidity of depression in breast cancer group was higher than in benign tumor group. Causes of depression in breast cancer were analysed. Authors consider that causes of depression are not relating to operation on breast, but probably relating to biological and psychosocial factors.
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PMID:[Affective disturbances in patients with breast cancer]. 263 92


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