Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

There is considerable controversy over whether or not post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) should be considered as a separate diagnostic entity. The present study utilized the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) in order to examine the degree of overlap between PTSD and the related diagnoses of anxiety, depression and obsession-compulsion in a group of Israeli Lebanon War PTSD casualties. We found that the SCL-90 was able both to identify and discriminate between the clinical groups. Multiple discriminant analysis showed that although there is overlap between PTSD and obsessive-compulsive disorder, PTSD is, in fact, discriminated from all the other patient groups.
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PMID:Post-traumatic stress disorder: issues of co-morbidity. 194 12

Twenty-seven wives who care for their spouses suffering from dementia completed the Anticipatory Grief Scale (AGS) and the Hopkins Symptom Checklist--SCL-90-R. The alpha coefficient for the AGS was 0.84, indicating good internal consistency. The AGS was also positively and significantly correlated (p less than 0.001) with the depression, anxiety, and hostility dimensions of the SCL-90-R, demonstrating good validity. The study explores bereavement issues of spouses of patients with dementia and provides preliminary findings on a new instrument to measure anticipatory grief.
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PMID:Caregiver's anticipatory grief in dementia: a pilot study. 195 6

The use of psychotropic drugs in general has become more extended in the past 20 years. The elderly, particularly geriatric inpatients, are the group with the highest consumption. The aim of the present study was to evaluate in two groups of elderly, hospitalized patients (H) vs. nonhospitalized subjects (nH), psychotropic drug consumption related to psychological distress. This was carried out in a total 238 subjects aged above 65 years (112 geriatric inpatients and 126 interviewed in social welfare centers). Sociodemographic, clinical and pharmacological data, general health and psychological distress were evaluated. The latter was assessed by means of the Symptom Distress Checklist (SCL-90) which included 9 subscales. 23% of the subjects received psychotropic drugs (P), of which 84% were benzodiazepines, 10% antidepressants and 1.5% antipsychotics. After evaluating the SCL-90 subscales, it was noted that anxiety, depression and obsessiveness/compulsiveness scored higher in P subjects than in those not receiving psychotropic drugs (nP). When treated nH and H were analyzed separately, it was observed that the former scored higher in anxiety and depression, while the latter showed higher scores in anxiety and obsessiveness/compulsiveness. Considered globally, the H group compared to nH showed higher scores in depression. Although evaluating psychotropic drug utilization in geriatric patients is complex due to the large number of influencing factors, SCL-90 has proved to be useful for assessing the qualitative aspects of this drug consumption in the elderly.
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PMID:Evaluation of psychotropic drug consumption related to psychological distress in the elderly: hospitalized vs. nonhospitalized. 198 Jul 27

The purpose of this study was to determine whether mentally ill chemical abusers (MICA patients) report greater distress than do psychiatric patients who do not abuse psychoactive substances. Thirty-two MICA patients and 31 non-substance-abusing patients completed the SCL-90-R. Group comparisons indicated that MICA patients reported greater levels of somatization, depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsiveness, paranoia, and psychotic symptoms. MICA patients also reported greater overall distress than did psychiatric patients without substance abuse problems.
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PMID:Psychiatric symptoms in mentally ill chemical abusers. 199 60

Fifty patients with UC and 50 matched controls with urolithiasis were interviewed with the SADS (lifetime version) and completed the SCL-90. According to information given during the SADS, there was a history of psychiatric disturbance in 11 UC patients (22%) and 8 controls (16%). At the time of the interview a psychiatric disturbance was present in 31 UC patients (62%) and four controls (8%), the most frequent diagnoses in the former being minor depression and generalised anxiety disorder. Patients with UC scored significantly higher than the controls on all the different SCL-90 subscales.
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PMID:Psychiatric diagnoses in ulcerative colitis. A controlled study. 203 41

A stress-support model incorporating indicators of life events, social support and SCL-90 measures of psychological distress was hypothesized to affect both reported and objective (somnographic) sleep. To determine the effects of these antecedents on sleep among 69 mid-life women, two models were tested, using both partial correlations and path analysis. Of all the measures of life events and social support examined in this study only negative LEs and contacts with non-supportive persons were associated (positively) with psychological distress, differentially explaining between 9% and 19% of the variance in each of five SCL-90 subscales. Both negative life events and contacts with non-supportive persons influenced depression and the SCL-90 PST index, whereas only negative life events affected anxiety, phobic anxiety and paranoid ideation. Anxiety, depression and the PST index, as indicators of psychological distress, had direct inverse effects on reported sleep with significant adjusted R2 values ranging from 10% to 16%. The model did not hold for somnographic sleep. The factors which are likely to contribute to the absence of an observed relationship between psychological distress and somnographic sleep are discussed.
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PMID:Stress, support, psychological states and sleep. 206 6

The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Symptom Check List-90 (SCL-90) were administered to 47 Dutch and 121 American White male heroin addicts receiving methadone. A one-way MANOVA indicated that the Dutch and American samples displayed comparable SCL-90 profiles, but that the Dutch had more symptom complaints than the Americans. The mean BDI total score of the Dutch was higher than that of the Americans, and this mean difference reflected more severe cognitive and affective symptoms in the Dutch than in the Americans. There was no difference between the samples with respect to somatic and performance symptoms. Furthermore, the mean levels of symptoms distress for the nine SCL-90 subscales reported by both the Dutch and the American heroin addicts were comparable to those of American psychiatric outpatients.
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PMID:Psychopathology in Dutch and American heroin addicts. 209 Jun 34

This study tested 131 patients with psychoses and contrasted the MMPI with the SCL-90. It was found that the nine groups of elemental symptoms in the SCL-90 was highly related with the corresponding symptoms in the MMPI. However, the relatively of groups in the two scales is different in the three diseases of schizophrenia, depression and neurosis. It was expressed that the three mental diseases possessed different psychopathologic characters. The result corresponded to clinical experience and also showed that SCL-90 was a self-rating scale with higher validity and spread of the scale was feasible.
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PMID:[A contrast between the MMPI with the System Check List 90]. 209 43

The purpose of the present epidemiological study is to investigate and describe panic disorder and sporadic panic attacks among a cohort of young adults, aged 28 years, from the Canton of Zurich in Switzerland. Both DSM-III panic disorder and sporadic panic are characterized by frequent symptoms of somatic anxiety and tension, as well as by frequent symptoms of depressed mood and low vitality. Sporadic panic is more prevalent than panic disorder and shows a greater excess of females over males. The association with depressions (major depression and recurrent brief depression) is similarly high for both types of panic syndromes, while the association with other anxiety disorders is negligible. Several indicators suggest a marked similarity between sporadic panic and DSM-III panic disorder. More impressive differences were observed between subjects with panic disorder alone and subjects with comorbidity of panic and depression. For the latter group, the SCL-90R scores indicated higher severity. Comparison of the scores of life events, conflicts, self-esteem, and the number of chronic problems in childhood suggests a more specific nosological pattern for subjects with panic and depression as compared with those with panic alone.
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PMID:The Zurich Study. IX. Panic disorder and sporadic panic: symptoms, diagnosis, prevalence, and overlap with depression. 213 46

Sixty-two chronic low back pain patients were administered the Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ) to assess the frequency of use and perceived effectiveness of a variety of cognitive and behavioral pain coping strategies. Analysis of individual variables revealed that CSQ factors, gender, physical examination findings, and chronicity of pain had significant effects on one or more of a series of pain, psychological distress or behavioral measures. To assess the relative contribution of each of these variables hierarchical stepwise regression analyses were carried out. These analyses revealed that the Helplessness factor of the CSQ explained 50% of the variance in psychological distress (Global Severity Index of the SCL-90R), and 46% of the variance in depression (Beck Depression Inventory). Patients scoring high on this CSQ factor had significantly higher levels of psychological distress. None of the demographic or medical status variables explained a significant proportion of variance in the psychological distress measures. The Diverting Attention and Praying factor of the CSQ explained a moderate (9%), but significant amount of variance in pain report. Patients scoring high on this factor had higher scores on the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Coping strategies were not strongly related to pain behavior measures such as guarding or uptime. A consideration of pain coping strategies may allow one to design pain coping skills training interventions so as to fit the needs of the individual low back pain patient.
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PMID:Analyzing chronic low back pain: the relative contribution of pain coping strategies. 213 4


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