Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

11 informants who were mourning relatives or friends who had died during the last five years were interviewed by a priest, who asked about their relationship to the deceased, their participation in funeral rituals and their experience of their own mourning process. The respondents endorsed the following scales: SCL-90 Depression subscale, Intrinsic, Extrinsic and Quest Scales, Doctrinal Orthodoxy Scale, Liberal Belief Scale, Moral Conservatism Index and Humanistic Mortality Scale. Each respondent was evaluated hermeneutically in a pastoral-clinical way, and the whole material was treated statistically. The extrinsic person uses his religion to attain comfort, security, and social acceptance, and it is not deeply integrated in his personality. The extrinsic religious orientation correlated positively with a prolonged mourning process and depression. It can be tentatively concluded that extensive participation in funeral rituals seems to prevent a prolonged mourning process and resulting depression.
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PMID:[Funeral rituals, mourning and mental health]. 178 Aug 22

Anxiety and depression symptom scores from the SCL-90 questionnaire were observed in a large sample of nuclear families, and the effects of genes or family environment were estimated. Assuming no environmental transmission from parents to offspring, heritability was estimated at 0.43 for both anxiety and depression scores, and common sibling environment or reciprocal sibling influence explained 19% of the variances for both scores. Most of the (genetic or environmental) family effect seemed to be common for the two scores. There was no evidence of common determinants in the family for the symptom scores and alcohol consumption, not even of any substantial relationship within persons between symptoms and consumption. The spouse correlations were 0.25 for anxiety and 0.38 for depression. Similar values for the correlations between anxiety in one person and depression in his/her spouse implies a mate selection based on a single latent variable to which the two observed traits contribute.
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PMID:Transmission of symptoms of anxiety and depression in nuclear families. 182 39

Hypomania in a 28- to 30-year-old cohort is described. Data were taken from a prospective longitudinal cohort study from the general population of Zurich, Switzerland. An estimated 1-year prevalence rate of hypomania of 4% was found. Over a period of time hypomania was associated with major depression and dysthymia. We found equal proportions of suicide attempts and equal rates of treated family members among hypomanics and depressives. Furthermore, the previous history of treatment of mild bipolars (hypomania with depression) and unipolar depressives was comparable. The sum of life events, several SCL-90R scores and the scores of distress in relationships were already elevated in hypomanics 7 years before diagnosis of hypomania, indicating an increased activity level, a generalized increase in neuroticism, and a relatively unvarying behaviour pattern in social relationships.
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PMID:The Zurich Study. X. Hypomania in a 28- to 30-year-old cohort. 183 65

In this paper the authors report the results of a cross-over treatment of 79 case of neurosis with vacuum drugs and L-tryptophan. The therapeutic effects were evaluated respectively with four-degree scale and the rating scales of SCL-90. Sleep vs. Sleep disturbance self-checklist. Side effects were evaluated with TESS. The data show that treatment of L-tryptophan 3.0g/day for six weeks. Rate of marked improvement is 58.2%, effective rate is 91.1%. It is concluded that the effects of hypnosis and sedation are mild side effects only. Using L-tryptophan the therapeutic effects which concern somatization depression anxiety, phobia, compulsion, are analysed and discussed.
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PMID:[A self body double blind clinical study of L-tryptophan and placebo in treated neurosis]. 186 Mar 85

Changes in depressive-symptom experiences over a 5-year period were investigated in a community sample of 251 women between the ages of 51 and 92 years. Findings from a confirmatory factor analysis of the SCL-90-R Depression and Additional Symptoms scales (Derogatis, 1983) indicate that two phenomenally different syndromes underlie symptom-reporting patterns. A depressive syndrome, more classic in form, shows decreasing levels with increasing age, although a depletion syndrome, marked by feelings of enervation and a loss of interest in things, shows increasing levels with advancing age. The relative independence of the two syndromes, as well as their differing relations to four more delimited forms of distress that were identified in the analyses, have important implications for future research on the age-depression relation.
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PMID:Changes in depressive-symptom experiences among older women. 186 90

Research on relationships between loneliness and psychological symptoms has generally shown significant positive associations across a wide spectrum of psychopathologies. However, such results may be artificial, to some extent, given the high intercorrelations of typical psychopathology measures. In the current study, we examined associations between psychological symptoms, assessed by the Symptom Check List-90 (SCL-90; Derogatis, Lipman, & Covi, 1973) and loneliness, as measured by the UCLA-R Loneliness Scale (Russell, Peplau, & Cutrona, 1980), in college students. Using partial correlations to control for the confounding influence of generalized distress, relationships between loneliness and individual dimensions of distress were examined. Results indicate a significant association between loneliness and interpersonal sensitivity (low self-esteem) and depression. Other dimensions of distress were not significantly related to loneliness. In addition, no sex differences in patterns of association were observed. Results support the notion that self-blame and self-devaluation are strong correlates of loneliness.
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PMID:Loneliness and psychological distress. 188 Jul 52

Psychiatric disorders, psychosocial dysfunction, family pathology, and environmental stressors are thought to be risk factors for adolescent suicide attempts. Variables from each of these categories were examined, by means of a structured interview and questionnaires, to determine whether a group of 21 adolescent suicide attempters could be differentiated from a group of 34 normal control subjects and a group of 15 at-risk adolescents (teenagers with known risk factors but without recent suicide attempt). The attempters differed significantly from control subjects on a large number of variables, particularly in the areas of substance abuse, depression, self-image, interpersonal relationships, communication patterns, family support, and problem behaviors. Only three items--the Beck Hopelessness Scale score, the SCL-90-R Positive Symptom Distress Index, and a history of suicidal ideation--differentiated the attempters from the at-risk adolescents. A discriminant analysis revealed that hopelessness and suicidal ideation were able to identify 93% of the suicide attempters.
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PMID:Can adolescent suicide attempters be distinguished from at-risk adolescents? 188 47

Age differences in depressive symptom experiences were investigated in a community sample of 368 women between the ages of 51 and 92 who were administered the SCL-90 Depression and Additional Symptoms Scales. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess and compare depressive symptom experiences in a younger (age 51-65) and older (age 66-92) age cohort. Findings show that two somewhat different depressive syndromes underlie symptom reporting patterns, one having higher levels in the older age cohort, the other having higher levels in the younger age cohort. In addition, three more delimited forms of distress -- feelings of enervation, dysphoria, and sleep disturbances -- show higher levels among the older cohort. Implications of these findings for future research on the relation between aging and depression are discussed.
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PMID:Age differences in depressive symptom experiences. 189 Feb 89

Measurements of cardiac function and Symptom Checklist-90R (SCL-90R) data were retrospectively analyzed in two independent groups of cardiac transplant candidates in an effort to identify organic correlates of depressive syndromes. In the first study, no significant inverse correlations were found between depression measures and cardiac index as had been predicted. However, elevated right atrial pressure was associated with increased scores of the SCL-90R depression subscale (DEP) and global symptom index (GSI). A significant positive correlation was also found between the phobia subscale and cardiac index. In a second sample, again, cardiac index did not correlate inversely with DEP or GSI. The phobia-cardiac index correlation was replicated but the right atrial pressure correlations were not. Combining both groups, there were significant correlations between six SCL-90R subscales (including DEP and GSI) and cardiac index. All were positive correlations, refuting the initial hypothesis and suggesting patients with the best cardiac function reported the worst psychological distress and that patients with the worst cardiac function reported the least psychological distress. Possible explanations for these findings are discussed.
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PMID:Correlations of cardiac function and SCL-90R in heart transplantation candidates. 189 52

Physical and psychosocial function have rarely been assessed in syncope. We used two valid and reliable measures of health status, the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) and the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90-R), to assess functional impairment in 62 patients with recurrent syncope seen in a syncope specialty clinic. Mean total SIP scores were markedly elevated at 17 (SD = 14), indicating a level of impairment similar to severe rheumatoid arthritis and chronic low back pain. SIP psychosocial scores were significantly greater than SIP physical scores (20 vs 11, p less than 0.0001). SCL-90-R scores were also high, comparable to those of psychiatric inpatients. Somatization, anxiety and depression dimensions of the SCL-90-R were particularly elevated. SCL-90-R subscale scores were highly correlated with SIP psychosocial scores (all r greater than 0.4, and p less than 0.001). Neither age nor number of comorbid diseases correlated with measures of psychosocial function, suggesting that syncope itself causes psychosocial impairment. Although this was a referral population, these data suggest that function can be seriously impaired by syncope, that the degree of impairment is similar to that reported in other chronic diseases, and that syncope leads to significantly greater psychosocial than physical impairment.
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PMID:Impairment of physical and psychosocial function in recurrent syncope. 194 Sep 96


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