Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Investigations were carried out to assess the effect of levamisole immunotherapy as an adjuvant to radiotherapy on the immune response of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. Parameters assessed were leukocyte migration inhibition, response to PPD and oral cancer extract (OCA), lymphocyte transformation to PHA, circulating antibodies to OCA and circulating immune complexes (CIC). Comparisons were made between groups receiving levamisole (L), those receiving placebo (P) and normal controls. The results of a thirty-month follow-up are presented. Radiotherapy resulted in a depression of cell-mediated functions, reduction in antibody titer also showed a gradual increase with time of follow-up. Levamisole, however, appeared to reduce the levels of CIC.
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PMID:Role of levamisole immunotherapy as an adjuvant to radiotherapy in oral cancer--immune responses. 322 35

The effect of large granular lymphocyte leukemia on F344 rat lymphocytes was studied by analyzing the blastogenic responses of normal spleen cells exposed to serum from leukemic rats. Sera from both transplanted as well as spontaneous cases of LGL leukemia markedly depressed the response to ConA and PHA. The suppressive activity was heat-stable at 56 degrees C, non-dialyzable and was effective even when added to lymphocytes only during the last 24 hrs of culture. A similar depression of blastogenesis was caused by sera from nonleukemic fasted rats. Depletion of lipoproteins from sera partially relieved the suppression. Leukemic and fasted rats had nearly identical serum lipoprotein electrophoretic profiles, indicating that abnormal lipoprotein metabolism may result from the severe anorexia which characterizes the terminal stages of the disease and may cause immunosuppression. Residual suppressive activity was also found in lipoprotein depleted sera. Supernatant fluids from spleen cell cultures of some leukemic rats also depressed lymphocyte blastogenic responses when compared to supernatants from normal spleen cultures.
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PMID:Inhibition of in vitro mitogen-induced lymphoproliferative responses by sera from F344 rats with large granular lymphocyte leukemia. 325 32

The depression of cell-mediated immunity (CMI) was determined in patients with ovarian and breast carcinomas by lymphokine production under Con-A-stimulation (migration inhibitory factor), T-lymphocyte-transformation test under PHA-stimulation and with a skin reactivity test with a viscum album extract (Plenosol, Dr. Madaus, Cologne, FRG). The results show a good correlation between the different types of CMI function tests. The cytostatics have a depressive effect on CMI more through a cumulative effect than through the actual concentration. Some of the patients with chronic rheumatism who were not treated were anergic, and that also had an influence on the therapy.
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PMID:Assay of the cell-mediated immunity in patients with malignant and non-malignant diseases. 330 58

Standard immunological parameters measuring non-specific cellular immune reactivity were determined in 175 patients with different stages of gastric cancer prior to surgery and during follow-up. Several tests measuring monocyte activity were also employed. The total number of T cells and their subpopulations Ta and T29o was unchanged except depression of T29o in stage IV. The blastogenic response of lymphocytes to PHA as assessed by stimulation of protein synthesis was only depressed in stage IV. In contrast the PHA-induced lymphokine production was increased in all patients but the differences were significant for stage III and IV. Monocyte Fc receptor expression was increased in stages II-IV, while nitro blue tetrazolium reduction and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity of monocytes was elevated in stage IV. The number of extractable monocytes was not increased. Longitudinal studies suggested that most of the parameters normalized during follow-up. No major long-term impact of chemoimmunotherapy (5-FU + BCG) on the immune parameters was observed except a transient increase in PPD reactivity approximately 1 year after commencement of treatment. In patients with stage III gastric cancer the increased occurrence of suppressor cells (mostly monocytes) and elevated cytostatic activity of monocytes was associated with a longer survival while the increased lymphokine production and Fc receptor expression were seen in the group of patients succumbing earlier. We concluded that most of the changes in immune parameters were seen only in advanced disease and paradoxically disappeared in the course of disease. The determination of monocyte activity seems to be a sensitive indicator of immune system dearrangements in earlier stages of cancer and a useful prognostic factor in gastric cancer.
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PMID:Serial immunological testing in patients with gastric cancer. 348 1

Although the occurrence of so-called late cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) due to ruptured cerebral aneurysm is well-known, its etiology still remains obscure. This time, the authors investigated the etiology by immunological research. Following results were obtained, Out of 13 cases of SAH due to ruptured cerebral aneurysm, angiographic cerebral vasospasm was observed in 9 cases. In these 9 cases, tendency of decrease in the number of peripheral blood T lymphocytes, depression on the lymphocyte PHA (phytohemagglutinin) and Con A (concanavalin A) response, and tuberculin anergy were found. These results suggest that the depression of cell-mediated immunity function might induce the occurrence of so-called late cerebral vasospasm after SAH.
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PMID:[Immunological investigation of late cerebral vasospasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage. (Part 1)]. 348 41

A study was made of the influence of T-cell mitogens (Con A and PHA) on the colony formation and differentiation of hemopoietic stem cells from normal and thymectomized mice, as well as of the relationship between the colony formation and the dose of injected thymocytes. The incubation of bone marrow cells with Con A and PHA was shown to inhibit the growth of spleen colonies. This inhibition is reduced by thymocytes within the dose intervals of 0.25-2.0 X 10(7) cells/mouse. Administration of these agents serially has led to the potentiation of inhibition effect and to the inability of thymocytes to reverse it. Con A and PHA exert no effect on the differentiation of stem cells. Incubation of the bone marrow cells from thymectomized mice with Con A is much less effective in the depression of colony formation, if compared with the treatment by intact bone marrow preparations. A reversed picture was observed using antiserum to mouse brain (RAMBS). It is proposed that regulation of stem cells is governed by different subpopulations of thymocytes.
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PMID:[Effect of T-cell mitogens and T-lymphocyte deficiency on splenic colony formation]. 349 97

Pregnancy is a natural allograft and the mechanisms for its non-rejection are obscure. Depression of maternal cellular immunity was suggested as a possible explanation. Interleukin-2(IL-2) is a lymphokine release from OKT4+ lymphocyte. This factor has a crucial role in the proliferation and differentiation of T cell subsets, and controls functions associated with immune rejection mechanisms. We therefore examined the ability of lymphocytes from women in the 3 trimesters of pregnancy to produce IL-2 in culture. Mononuclear cells were cultured with PHA for 48 h. The IL-2-containing supernatant was added to and supported the proliferation of an IL-2 dependent T cell line. Proliferation of this line indicated the IL-2 content of the added supernatant. Using this assay, IL-2 production in all 3 trimesters of pregnancy was adequate and comparable to that of lymphocytes from non-pregnant women. These results suggest that the proposed defect in cellular immunity during pregnancy is not mediated by an inability of the lymphocytes to produce IL-2.
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PMID:Immunocompetence in pregnancy: production of interleukin-2 by peripheral blood lymphocytes. 350 Jul 80

An attempt was made to establish an animal model for analysing the cellular immune alterations following thermal injury and to correlate the results with those obtained in humans. A standard burn involving 20 per cent of the body surface area was established in C57 black mice (b1). The results revealed a loss of total T cells until post-burn day 10 and an increase in B cells only during post-burn day 1. The lymphocyte proliferative response to PHA was elevated with the appearance of null cells on post-burn day 10. This observation revealed a generalized depression in the immune responses which was significant until post-burn day 10. However, the results were not comparable with the human studies.
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PMID:Cellular immune mechanisms in thermally injured mice. 351 74

Cell-mediated immunity (investigated by in vitro mitogen/antigen induced lymphocyte proliferation) is known to be depressed in the post-operative period. In the present investigation, performed with halothane/nitrous oxide inhalational anaesthesia in healthy patients without trauma (eye surgery) and with operative tissue trauma (gynaecological operations), only the combination of major surgery with halothane/nitrous oxide anaesthesia was associated with a depression of lymphocyte reactivity to phytohaemagglutin (PHA-P), Concanavalin A (Con A) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM). This lasted for 3-10 days post-operatively.
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PMID:Differences in lymphocyte mitogenic stimulation pattern depending on anaesthesia and operative trauma: I. Halothane-nitrous oxide anaesthesia. 358 74

Two trials were conducted to compare the effects of supplements of methionine and cysteine on the growth and immune responses of broiler chicks fed corn-soy diets. The basal diet contained 21% crude protein, 3,255 kcal metabolizable energy/kg diet, .35% methionine, .37% cysteine, and .13% choline. Additions to the basal diet were methionine (.063, .25, .85, and 1.45%), or cysteine (.203%), or a combination of methionine (.063%) and cysteine (.153%). Total antibody and 2-mercaptoethanol-resistant antibodies, immunoglobulin G (IgG), were determined in chicks inoculated intraperitoneally at 14 days of age and serially bled at 4, 7, and 10 days postinoculation. Thymus-derived (T)-cell-dependent in vivo mitogen response to phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P) was assessed via wing web swelling. The methionine requirement for growth (0 to 3 wk of age) was found to be no more than .413% of the diet (.35% in the basal diet plus .063% added). Addition of 1.45% methionine to the basal diet resulted in significant depression (P less than .05) in growth. The antibody responses generally peaked at 7 days postprimary inoculation. Both methionine and cystine supplementation at low levels resulted in improvement in the cell mediated PHA-P responses as well as in the IgG (T-cell-dependent) responses. High supplemental methionine (1.45%), however, caused significant (P less than .05) depressions in both responses. Equimolar additions of methionine and cysteine (16.8 mmol/kg diet) showed that cysteine was about 84 and 70% as efficacious as methionine in the IgG and the PHA-P stimulation (PHA-I), respectively, in healthy chicks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Efficacy of cysteine in replacing methionine in the immune responses of broiler chicks. 367 Dec 89


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