Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Levels of complement proteins and functional activity of the alternate complement pathway were assessed in 39 patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. Mean levels of C3 and properdin and the functional activity of the alternate pathway in acute sera were significantly (P less than 0.05) below normal, whereas levels of components of the early classical pathway were normal. Although levels of factor B were in the normal range, they correlated significantly with C3 levels; there was no significant relation between C3 levels and C4 or C1q levels. The 19 patients iwth pneumococcal pneumonia and bacteremia had significantly lower mean values of properdin and factor B than the 20 patients without bacteremia, suggesting a more severe depression of the alternate complement pathway with bacteremia. During convalescence, complement levels were normal or elevated in most of the patients, but mean levels of properdin remained significantly below normal in bacteremic patients. Functional activity of the alternate pathway also remained below normal. These results indicate that there is a selective depression of the alternate pathway in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia, and they are consistent with the concept that the alternate pathway has an important role in host defenses in pneumococcal infection.
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PMID:Complement levels in pneumococcal pneumonia. 2 Apr 5

Serial measurements of CH50, C3, C4, and factor B were performed on three newborn infants with group B streptococcal sepsis. Two of the septic infants had a colonized but noninfected identical twin. All three infants with group B streptococcal sepsis had hypotension, prolonged coagulation times, neutropenia, and respiratory failure. During the course of the sepsis, factor B was depressed 30% to 35%, C3 was depressed 40% to 60%, and CH50 was depressed by 100% when compared to their cord blood levels. Two of the infants also had a 50% to 70% depression of C4. In contrast, no significant decrease in complement levels occurred in the siblings of the twins or in two additional control infants. These data are characteristic of older patients with Gram-negative sepsis and strongly suggest that the group B Streptococcus has endotoxin-like properties.
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PMID:Complement activation and group B streptococcal infection in the newborn: similarities to endotoxin shock. 34 Oct 69

Prospective sequential studies of the antibacterial function of neutrophils, lymphocyte responsiveness, opsonic capacity of serum and serum levels of C3(B), properdin, factor B, IgG, and albumin were made in 32 patients with severe burn injury (greater than or equal to 45%), 21 patients with severe multisystem traumatic injury, 20 high-risk, infected patients, and 22 renal transplant patients. Fifty-five episodes of bacteremia occurred in 37 of the 95 patients. Abnormal neutrophil function was clearly associated as a predisposing factor to these episodes, whereas there was no association between bacteremia and low serum levels of C3, IgG, factor B, or properdin. C3, factor B, and IgG usually rose following bacteremia as acute phase proteins, but there was evidence of a consumptive opsoninopathy in 11% of episodes. Defective opsonization was associated with a high risk of bacteremia only when there was a coexisting abnormality of neutrophil function (88% of such patients became bacteremic). None of 27 nonburned patients tested with delayed hypersensitivity antigens responded normally, and there was regularly depression of lymphocyte responsiveness to phytohemagglutinin-A and concanavalin-A in a whole blood assay related to serum immunosuppressive factors, but poor responsiveness was not associated with bacteremia.
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PMID:A comparison of immunologic profiles and their influence on bacteremia in surgical patients with a high risk of infection. 37 44

Detailed complement system studies were performed in 22 patients with adult coeliac disease. Activation products of C3 were observed in the fresh sera of all untreated patients, while only 4 had activation products of factor B of the alternate pathway. Levels of C4 and C3 were lower than normal mean, but only the depression of C4 reached a level of statistical significance. The amounts of circulating C3 activation products were significantly reduced when the patients were on a gluten-free diet. There is thus evidence that activation of the classical pathway of the complement system takes place in adult coeliac disease, and there is an association between gluten ingestion and the complement activity. We suggest that a possible mechanism of tissue injury in this disease is activation of complement factors by a humoral immune reaction to dietary gluten in the intestinal wall.
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PMID:Complement system studies in adult coeliac disease. 59 55

Frequencies of ABO, Rh, MNSs, P, Kell, Lewis and Duffy blood groups were studied in a total of 219 patients with affective disorders. The patients were classified into four groups: (1) bipolar (manic-depressive) psychosis; (2) unipolar recurrent depressive psychosis; (3) nonpsychotic 'reactive' depression, and (4) 'unclassifiable'. The following statistically significant results were found: an increased frequency of the blood group factor B among psychotic (bipolar and unipolar) patients compared to nonpsychotic patients, a decreased frequency of the SS phenotype in the unclassifiable group and an increased frequency of the K(+) phenotype among the nonpsychotic patients. Previous results concerning differences between bipolar and unipolar patients with respect to the A and O blood types were not confirmed in this investigation.
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PMID:Blood groups and affective disorders. 61 17

Complement components C3, C1q, factor B and breakdown products of C3, i.e. C3c and C3d, were evaluated in the diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis in 24 neonates with proven sepsis. The complement components were measured by electroimmunodiffusion and breakdown products by counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP). The babies with sepsis were found to have decreased levels of C1q and factor B as compared with suitably matched healthy controls. No statistically significant depression was observed in C3 levels of infected babies. However, breakdown products of C3, i.e. C3c and C3d, were detected in 58.3% of these babies. The breakdown products of C3 were not present in any of the healthy controls. The degree of depression of complement components was of no prognostic significance in neonatal sepsis.
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PMID:Complement components in neonatal sepsis. 169 42

Complement profiles on 22 hypocomplementemic patients with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) type I, on 11 with MPGN II, and on 16 with MPGN III, gave evidence that the nephritic factor of the amplification loop (NFa) is responsible for the hypocomplementemia in MPGN II and the nephritic factor of the terminal pathway (NFt) for the hypocomplementemia in MPGN III. In contrast, in MPGN I, there was evidence for three complement-activating modalities, NFa, NFt, and immune complexes. As a result, four different patterns of complement activation were seen. NFa, found in MPGN II, produces a complement profile characterized mainly by C3 depression. In addition, four of seven (57%) severely hypocomplementemic MPGN II patients (C3 less than 30 mg/dL) had slightly depressed levels of factor B, and one of seven (14%) of properdin, but in all the C5 concentration was normal. In contrast, all eight severely hypocomplementemic patients with MPGN II had depressed C5 and properdin levels, and six of eight (75%) depressed levels of C6, C7, and/or C9. Of eight MPGN III patients with moderate hypocomplementemia, 50% had depressed C5 and properdin levels and the remainder, depressed C3 only. This spectrum of profiles is most likely produced by varying concentrations of NFt. In MPGN I, nine of 23 (39%) had a profile indicating only classical pathway activation; seven of 23 (39%), a pattern compatible with NFt alone; four of 23 (9%), evidence for both classical pathway activation and NFt; and three of 23 (13%), a pattern compatible with NFa. The unique multifactorial origin of the hypocomplementemia in MPGN I, often giving evidence of classical pathway activation, together with previously reported differences in glomerular morphology and clinical features at onset, makes it distinct from MPGN III. Depressed C8 levels were found to some extent in all hypocomplementemic states. The levels were uncommonly depressed in patients with NFa, most markedly depressed with NFt, and moderately reduced with classical pathway activation. The cause is not known. Diagnostically, profiles showing classical pathway activation and low levels of C6, C7, and/or C9 are specific for MPGN I. Those showing only classical activation are likewise diagnostic of MPGN I if systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and chronic bacteremia are ruled out.
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PMID:Patterns of complement activation in idiopathic membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, types I, II, and III. 220 97

Total hemolytic complement activity and serum complement protein concentrations were compared in 17 hospitalized patients with normal hepatic function and 16 patients with liver disease due to alcohol (15 patients) or acetaminophen toxicity (one patient). In contrast to the control patients, individuals with hepatic dysfunction had decreased total CH50 levels and low concentrations of total C3, C4, C5, factor B, and the regulatory proteins factor I and beta-1H. These patients also had increased C4d/C4 ratios, indicating classical pathway activation. The level of complement deficiency appears to correlate with either prolongation of the prothrombin time or depression of serum albumin concentration. These results indicate that patients with hepatic disease have severe complement depletion that is probably multifactorial in origin. This impairment in complement function will contribute to the impaired antibacterial host defense of the patient with chronic hepatic disease.
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PMID:Complement levels in patients with hepatic dysfunction. 230 81

Serial determinations of complement components (C1q, C4, C3, C5 and factor B) were performed in 32 children with acute glomerulonephritis. Low levels of C3 were found in 30 patients and low levels of C5 in 26. The findings of reduced C1q and/or C4 levels (25 patients) in the first days of the disease suggest activation of the classical pathway. Depressed Factor B levels were found rarely (4 patients). In all patients, the presence of a C3 splitting activity and/of a C3 nephritic factor-like activity was investigated. Both activities were demonstrated in 7 patients whereas in another patient, only C3 splitting activity was noted. A disappearance of both activities was observed in all patients. In 3 patients tested, the C3 nephritic factor-like activity was heat-labile and was therefore not related to true C3 nephritic factor. Both pathways are implicated in the early phases of the disease but continued C3 depression is probably through alternate pathway.
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PMID:Complement activation in acute glomerulonephritis in children. 399 68

Haemolytic activities of the classical and alternative complement pathways, and levels of C1, C4, C3, factor B and C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) were measured in 85 serum samples from 46 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). Significantly decreased mean C1 and C4 levels were found, and the haemolytic activities of these components were low or low normal in more than 50% of the sera tested. In 15 sera from 5 patients a complement profile characteristic of acquired C1-IHN deficiency was observed. These results indicate that the depression of the activity of the classical complement pathway is a frequently occurring feature in CLL.
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PMID:Depressed classical complement pathway activities in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. 401 86


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