Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this study, 544 out-patients suffering from depressive disorders were enrolled in 6 weeks open study with fluoxetine 20 mg. A statistically significant decrease of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRS-D) score is observed during treatment. All individual item HRS-D scores and in particular suicidal ideation, sleep disturbances and anxiety showed the same improvement. Side-effects were carefully recorded and presented a lower incidence rate than in other studies. New issues in methodology management concerning ambulatory studies are discussed.
 ...
PMID:An open multicentre study to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of fluoxetine 20 mg in depressed ambulatory patients. 134 3

Identical principal components factor analyses of total Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression scores were conducted for two separate sub-samples (N = 183 and N = 182) drawn from the same clinic population of moderately depressed outpatients. A comparison of the two factor analyses revealed substantial agreement for four factors across the two sub-samples (i.e., four factors from the first sub-sample correlated at least 0.80 with a homologous dimension in the second sub-sample). The four factors were labelled Somatic Complaints, Anorexia, Sleep Disturbance, and Agitation/Retardation. Some additional factors emerged in the analysis of one sub-sample but failed to appear in the other. Overall, these results suggest that the HRS exhibited a relatively stable factorial structure based on a large sample of outpatients with unipolar depressive disorders. Methodological problems with earlier research are discussed in light of the current findings.
 ...
PMID:Factorial structure and factor reliability of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. 322 12

We studied 78 inpatients with DSM-III major depression. Forty-one (53%) had a concurrent personality disorder (PD) according to a detailed structured interview for DSM-III personality disorders. The patients with depression plus PD differed from patients with depression alone on numerous measures. The PD patients had earlier onset; higher HRS scores; poorer social support; more life stressors; more frequent separation and divorce; more frequent nonserious suicide attempts, less frequent dexamethasone nonsuppression; poorer response to antidepressant medication; and higher risk for depression, alcoholism and antisocial personality among first-degree relatives. The PD subgroup shares many attributes with Winokur's subtype of depression spectrum disorder and Akiskal's character spectrum disorder. An attempt to identify a subgroup of personality disorders which might be an atypical affective disorder was inconclusive. However, patients in DSM-III cluster III were similar to the patients with no-PD on the dexamethasone suppression test, response to treatment, and familial risk for depression and antisocial personality.
 ...
PMID:The implications of DSM-III personality disorders for patients with major depression. 624 Dec 12

Hairless (hr/hr) mice segregating for SJL/J and HRS/J genes (SJL-HRS) were compared to their haired counterparts with respect to immune responsiveness, tumour development and ecotropic murine leukemia virus (MuLV) expression. Homozygosity at the hairless locus did not affect expression of MuLV. There was however, a significant depression of the cellular immune response of these mice as characterized by depressed reactions in phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin A and mixed leukocyte assays. Haired and hairless mice did not differ significantly in response to B-cell mitogens or in production of cytotoxic antibody. The depressed cellular immune response in hr/hr mice is associated with a distinctive histologic type of spontaneous reticulum cell sarcomas. The importance of these results in relation to previous studies of HRS/J hairless mice is discussed.
 ...
PMID:Immunodeficiency and reticulum cell sarcoma in mice segregating for HRS/J and SJL/J genes. 629 51

1 A double-blind group comparative trial was performed comparing mianserin (Bolvidon-Organon) and doxepin (Sinequan-Pfizer) in the treatment of depression with anxiety. 2 Sixty outpatients from two centres were divided into 'high' and 'low' severity groups, based on initial HRS scores, and treated for four weeks. 3 Standard rating scales for depression and anxiety demonstrated a substantial improvement with both drugs. However, no consistent difference in efficacy was found although the 'low severity' group appeared to respond better to mianserin. 4 There was a greater incidence of drug-related side-effects with doxepin treatment.
 ...
PMID:Mianserin and doxepin in the treatment of outpatient depression with anxiety. 682 55

A new Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) designed specifically for rating depression in the elderly was tested for reliability and validity and compared with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRS-D) and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). In constructing the GDS a 100-item questionnaire was administered to normal and severely depressed subjects. The 30 questions most highly correlated with the total scores were then selected and readministered to new groups of elderly subjects. These subjects were classified as normal, mildly depressed or severely depressed on the basis of Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) for depression. The GDS, HRS-D and SDS were all found to be internally consistent measures, and each of the scales was correlated with the subject's number of RDC symptoms. However, the GDS and the HRS-D were significantly better correlated with RDC symptoms than was the SDS. The authors suggest that the GDS represents a reliable and valid self-rating depression screening scale for elderly populations.
 ...
PMID:Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report. 718 59

Two groups of unmatched patients attached to a Geriatric Hospital suffering from mild to moderate depression considered suitable for drug therapy were randomly allocated either 6 grams L-tryptophan daily or a similar dose of identical placebo for six weeks on a double-blind basis. Ratings (HRS and a 7 point global evaluation) were made pretrial and fortnightly up to and including six weeks. Both groups steadily improved, but there was no statistical difference between the L-tryptophan patients and those receiving placebo. Therefore, it would appear that L-tryptophan is not an effective anti-depressant.
 ...
PMID:A placebo controlled evaluation of L-tryptophan in depression in the elderly. 740 45

Twenty-two female patients with anorexia nervosa, restricted type, 14-35 years old, were treated with a 4-month course of combined cognitive-behavioral therapy, nutritional counselling and antidepressant drugs (nortriptyline for 7, fluoxetine for 15). Patients were monitored for body mass index (BMI), for eating disorder symptoms by the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) and the Bulimic Investigation Test (BITE) and for depression and anxiety by the Hamilton Rating Scales for Depression and for Anxiety (HRS-D and -A). The scores were determined before and after 1, 2 and 4 months of therapy. BMI, depression, anxiety and EDI scores improved significantly and equally in both groups during the 4 months of therapy, while BITE scores did not change.
 ...
PMID:Combined cognitive-behavioral, psychopharmacological and nutritional therapy in eating disorders. 1. Anorexia nervosa--restricted type. 747

Fifteen women with bulimia nervosa were treated with a 4-month course of combined cognitive-behavioral, nutritional and antidepressant therapy (5 with amineptine and 10 with fluvoxamine). Patients were monitored before and after 1, 2 and 4 months of therapy for body mass index (BMI), for eating disorder symptoms by the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) and the Bulimic Investigation Test (BITE), and for depression and anxiety by the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and for Anxiety (HRS-D and -A). BITE symptoms and gravity improved significantly and equally in the two groups during the 4 months of therapy. Global EDI scores, depression and anxiety decreased but not significantly. BMI was normal before therapy and did not change during treatment.
 ...
PMID:Combined cognitive-behavioral, psychopharmacological and nutritional therapy in bulimia nervosa. 747 2

The present study was designed to investigate the clinical efficacy of trimipramine with adjunct sleep deprivation (SD) or bright light (BL) and to evaluate psychometric and neurobiological variables that might be of predictive value for treatment response. We used (1) the combined dexamethasone-corticotropin releasing hormone test (DEX-CRH test) to characterize alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system; (2) polysomnography to evaluate sleep disturbances; and (3) a standardized test battery to assess cognitive psychomotor functions after study initiation and after 5 weeks of treatment. The overall response rate (> or = 50% decrease in score on Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression [HRS]) was 55% (N = 42). The response rate in the group with trimipramine monotherapy (N = 14) was 79%, whereas in the groups with adjunct SD (N = 14) and BL (N = 14), respectively, it was only 43%. All three groups showed significant improvement at the end of the third week of treatment. Neither of the adjunct treatments hastened the onset of antidepressant action as measured by HRS. A significantly higher proportion of nonresponders than responders (p < .05) had HPA dysregulation, disturbed rapid eye movement (REM) sleep (REM latency, REM% first third of night) and decreased non-REM sleep (% stage 2). The non-responders showed significantly more corticotropin (ACTH) secretion after CRH stimulation in the DEX-CRH test than the responders and a less rapid normalization of the neuroendocrine dysregulation (cortisol secretion) (p < .01). In addition, REM latency was significantly shorter in the BL group than in the monotherapy group and estimated duration of illness significantly longer in the SD group than in the monotherapy group. REM latency, percentage of REM sleep during the first third of the total sleep period, percentage of non-REM sleep stage 2 and ACTH release after a DEX-CRH challenge predicted response across all three treatment groups. The neurobiological symptoms were unevenly distributed, among the three groups, thus creating heterogeneity in these measures. This heterogeneity may have contributed to the different treatment response rates as defined by psychopathology (HRS). In contrast, the neuropsychological tests and some of the sleep-EEG investigations revealed different response patterns for different groups: The onset of improvement in simple cognitive functions and in sleep continuity was earlier in the adjunct treatment groups. This study underlines the need for a multidimensional approach including use of neurobiological and neuropsychological measures to identify the therapeutic profiles of different treatment strategies and predictors of outcome.
 ...
PMID:Sleep deprivation and bright light as potential augmenters of antidepressant drug treatment--neurobiological and psychometric assessment of course. 787 17


1 2 3 Next >>