Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

ACTH, cholera toxin, cyclic AMP but not pregnenolone-induced steroidogenesis in Y-1 functional mouse adrenal tumor cells was significantly inhibited by delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol, and cannabinol. The inhibition of steroidogenesis could not be correlated with a general depression in cell function or viability. The data suggest that cannabinoids inhibit corticosteroidogenesis at a site between the synthesis of cAMP and of pregnenolone.
Endocrinology 1977 Dec
PMID:Inhibition of cortiocosteroidogenesis by delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. 20 49

Acute experiments were conducted on anesthetized cats placed in a thermochamber at a temperature of 45 degrees C. The direct cortical response in suprasylvian convolution of the cortex during hyperthermia and after the restoration of the thermal homeostasis was studied. It was revealed that hyperthermia caused primary inhibition at a temperature of 40 degrees C and above it, and even complete disappearance of the slow negative potential; above 43 degrees C there was found a gradual depression of the dendrite potential. Restoration of body normothermia following high hyperthermia was accompanied by an insignificant tendency to normalization of the slow negative potential parameters. Analysis of the dendrite potential changes on coupled stimuli testified to the fact that high temperature had a preponderant influence on the presynaptic elements of the cortical axodendrite synapses. On the basis of differential action of heat on the component composition of the direct cortical response a conclusion was drawn on the differences in the sensitivity of functionally different cells of the cortex during hyperthermia.
Biull Eksp Biol Med 1977 Dec
PMID:[Effect of high temperature on the direct cortical response]. 20 48

Long-term habituation training in Aplysia californica produces a profound depression in the efficacy of synaptic transmission between mechanoreceptor neurons and gill motor neurons. This depression persists for more than 3 weeks. Thus a critical synaptic site for plasticity underlying long-term habituation is the same as that for short-term habituation. For this simple form of learning, short- and long-term memory share a common locus and aspects of a common mechanism: synaptic depression.
Science 1978 Dec 22
PMID:Cellular analysis of long-term habituation of the gill-withdrawal reflex of Aplysia californica. 21 54

In isolated strips of canine mesenteric vein prostacyclin (PGI2) causes a dose-dependent depression of the amplitude of the spontaneous rhythmic contractions without influencing their frequency. This suggests that prostacyclin affects the events leading from the depolarization of the smooth muscle cells to their contractions, rather than the induction of the myogenic activity itself. Furthermore, prostacyclin reduces the noradrenaline-induced contraction of the canine saphenous vein without affecting the electrically induced responses, suggesting a possible dual effect of the drug: at the smooth muscle it causes depression of the responsiveness to noradrenaline whereas at the adrenergic nerve endings it enhances the evoked release of the adrenergic transmitter.
Prostaglandins 1978 Dec
PMID:Effect of prostacyclin on myogenic activity and adrenergic neuroeffector interaction in canine isolated veins. 21 44

The normal depression of plasma insulin concentration during exercise has been ascribed to adrenergic inhibition of insulin release and the role of humoral catecholamines in this hormonal adjustment has repeatedly been stressed. In the present study this contention has been investigated in 6 bilaterally adrenalectomized patients and in 6 sex- and age-matched controls who undertook exercise on an ergometer until they were exhausted. No differences were observed in any cardiovascular or metabolic adjustments between the two groups during strenous exercise. Mean plasma insulin concentration fell by about 50% in both groups. Phentolamine effectively abolished the fall in plasma insulin concentration during exercise in 2 adrenalectomized patients. The results suggest that the adrenergic nerves that supply the B-cells have a functional role in man during exercise.
Pflugers Arch 1979 Dec
PMID:The role of the adrenergic innervation to the pancreatic islets in the control of insulin release during exercise in man. 23 Apr 55

Inoculation of mice with pyran copolymer resulted in activation of natural killer (NK) cells as well as macrophages. Conditions optimal for the boosting of NK activity seemed to differ from those optimal for macrophage activation as assessed by cytostasis of tumor target cells. Peak levels of macrophage cytostatic reactivity were found at about 7 days after drug injection and were only achieved by the highest doses of pyran tested. Macrophage activation was consistently higher in the peritoneal cavity than in the spleen, regardless of route of administration, in contrast to the failure of i.v. pyran to induce high NK reactivity in peritoneal exudate cells. At 2-3 days after pyran treatment of older mice, NK augmentation reached peak levels, but only minimal macrophage activation was found. Despite these differences, macrophages played a role in regulating NK activity in pyran-treated mice. Functional macrophages appeared to be required for augmentation of NK activity by pyran, since boosting was impaired by prior in vivo inoculation of silica. Macrophages also appeared able to inhibit NK activity. In younger mice that exhibited high spontaneous levels of NK activity, pyran treatment produced a substantial reduction in NK activity to levels below those of untreated mice. This depression coincided with the time of peak levels of macrophage cytostasis. Furthermore, removal of adherent cells from the spleen cells of these pyran-treated mice resulted in levels of NK activity almost as high as those of untreated mice. The possibility that the depression of NK activity in young mice by pyran copolymer is due to suppressor cells is discussed.
Int J Cancer 1979 Dec 15
PMID:Activation of mouse macrophages by pyran copolymer and role in augmentation of natural killer activity. 23 96

Correlations between serum uric acid, cortisol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and psychometric indices of stress--namely, anxiety, hostility, and depression--were investigated in 20 students over a 2 1/2 month academic quarter. There were three peak periods of stress, with two occurring during midterm and final exams. The observed changes in serum cortisol were highly correlated with changes in anxiety and depression. Serum uric acid was significantly depressed during the first half of the quarter, but returned to control levels after midterm exams. Serum cholesterol and the LDL cholesterol subfraction were significantly elevated above control levels and remained elevated throughout the quarter after the first day of classes. Absolute levels of HDL cholesterol varied little throughout the quarter, however, the ratio of HDL cholesterol/total cholesterol was significantly depressed twice in the quarter, each time following approximately 10 days after the peak period of stress.
Psychosom Med 1979 Dec
PMID:Psychologic correlates of serum indicators of stress in man: a longitudinal study. 23 53

Exposure of cultured Graafian follicles to PGE2 for 20 h resulted in a loss of the cyclic AMP response to fresh hormone. This desensitization was prevented by addition to the medium of D2O (25--50%) or Li+ (0.6--6 mM), agents believed to stabilize microtubules, as well as by phalloidin (1.0--10 microM), believed to stabilize the polymerized state of actin, in a dose-dependent manner. The spontaneous recovery of responsiveness to PGE2 upon incubation of refractory follicles for 6 h in hormone-free medium was prevented by addition to the medium of cytochalasin B (CB; 3 microgram/ml) or of the actin-binding myosin subfragment HMM S-1 (80 microgram/ml) or of anti-actin serum; viz. by agents likely to interfere with microfilament function. D2O (50%) caused morphological damage to the inner layer of the membrana granulosa and severe depression of protein synthesis. The other drugs used (phalloidin, LiCl and cytochalasin B) had no such effects. Resensitization of refractory follicles was also prevented by cycloheximide (10 micrograms/ml) and by actinomycin D (10 micrograms/ml). It is speculated that the recovery process may involve the insertion of a newly synthesized protein, such as PG-receptor, into the membrane by a mechanism dependent on microfilament action. These findings provide suggestive evidence for the hypothesis that cytoskeletal elements associated with the cell membrane take part in the modulation of the adenylate cyclase response to hormones.
Prostaglandins 1979 Dec
PMID:Effect of modulators of cytoskeletal function on desensitization and recovery of PGE2-responsive ovarian adenylate cyclase. 23 63

The effects of an 8-day intravenous infusion of dexamethasone (7.6 mg kg-0.75 body weight) on collagen biosynthesis and wool growth in skin were examined in four Merino wethers. Plasma dexamethasone concentrations reached their peaks during the first 24 h infusion, which were followed by relatively stable levels (c. 1 X 10(-7) M) for the next 4--5 days. Minor increases in plasma dexamethasone levels were recorded during the final 2 days of treatment. Dexamethasone concentrations quickly fell below the level of detection once infusion ceased. Marked decreases in the wet weight, thickness and protein content of skin were observed at the end of infusion. DNA content was reduced to 42.4 +/- 4.9% s.e.m. during the first 2 days of treatment, but in the next 4 days of infusion gradually increased to 85.0 +/0 12.5% of controls. The level of collagen (expressed as hydroxyproline content of its acid hydrolysate) was elevated throughout the infusion and then gradually declined in 3 weeks to about 60% of controls. The biosynthesis of collagen measured by the rate of [14C]hydroxyproline formation and the activity of proline, 2-oxoglutarate dioxygenase (EC 1.14.11.2. formerly prolyl hydroxylase) was reduced during the first half of treatment to a greater extent than the rate of [14C]proline incorporation into proteins. Wool growth was reduced by 80.4 +/- 11.6% in the post-infusion period which allowed three sheep out of four to be defleeced. Inhibition of collagen biosynthesis in sheep skin was due initially to a decrease in the activity of proline, 2-oxoglutarate dioxygenase and later to the reduced rate of proline incorporation into proteins. It was also evident that changes in biosynthetic rate of collagen were not reflected in the total level of skin collagen. The extent of wool growth depression in individual animals paralleled the changes in DNA content and the extent of collagen biosynthesis inhibition.
Aust J Biol Sci 1979 Dec
PMID:Effect of intravenously infused dexamethasone on collagen metabolism in skin of merino sheep. 23 81

Platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep measures were examined in 56 drug-free hospitalized patients with primary depression as defined by the Research Diagnostic Criteria. The group included 35 females and 21 males with a mean age of 42.6 +/- 1.4 years. Platelet MAO and EEG sleep data were compared for the group as a whole and separately for the unipolar, bipolar, male, and female subgroups. No significant relationships could be demonstrated for the entire group or for the unipolar, male, or female subgroups. However, an inverse relationship between MAO activity and REM sleep percent was noted in the bipolar subgroup (p < 0.02). While changes in REM sleep have been relatively firmly established in primary depression, the relationship of MAO to depression and to REM sleep remains unclear.
Psychiatry Res 1979 Dec
PMID:MAO activity and EEG sleep in primary depression. 23 58


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>