Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Depressive illness may affect the patient's response to dental care. It has been implicated both as a causal factor and a sequela in facial pain syndromes. Depression is treated with various medications that may influence function and health of the oral cavity and that may adversely interact with drugs used to control pain and anxiety.
J Am Dent Assoc 1979 Dec
PMID:Recognition and management of the depressed dental patient. 4 Oct 14

The origin of the psychiatric illnesses observed in drug abusers is often unclear. This study examines the causal relation between drug abuse and specific psychiatric disorders. Fifty-one male veterans first seen in 1972, who were admitted at least once per year for six consecutive years for inpatient drug-abuse treatment, underwent psychiatric assessments at each admission. Eleven men mainly used stimulants, 14 depressants, and 26 opiates. Initial psychiatric examinations showed low symptom levels in all groups but no statistically significant differences among them. By the end of six years, five of the stimulant users had psychoses, and eight of the depressant users had serious depression. The narcotics users showed no change in psychopathology. Differences between the groups were significant at the 0.01 level. These changes were not due to acute toxic reactions, but our data suggest that abuse of particular drugs has a major role in the development of specific psychiatric illnesses. The possibility that different preexisting personality disorders lead to different kinds of drug abuse cannot be excluded.
N Engl J Med 1979 Dec 13
PMID:Development of psychiatric illness in drug abusers. Possible role of drug preference. 4 Nov 82

The authors investigated the possibility that choline chloride might reduce schizophrenic symptoms by increasing central cholinergic activity. In a single blind crossover study, up to 20 g/day of choline chloride had no significant effect on clinical ratings of nine schizophrenic patients. However, there was some evidence that choline significantly increased symptoms of depression.
Am J Psychiatry 1979 Dec
PMID:Choline chloride in schizophrenia. 4 55

A retrospective chart review of 54 patients demonstrating depression with psychotic symptoms was accomplished with the use of Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) for diagnosis of psychotic major affective disorder. Patients received adequate trials of either tricyclic antidepressants alone, antipsychotics, the two in combination, or electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Antidepressants alone were found to be ineffective or only partially effective in treating psychotic depression unless somatic or depressive declusions were the only psychotic symptoms. Antipsychotics alone were usually effective in providing at least a partial response, particularly with psychotic symptoms. Excellent responses of the depressive and psychotic elements were provided with ECT, ECT with antipsychotic medication, and the combination of antidepressant and antipsychotic medications. These latter treatments may be the most appropriate for depression with psychotic features.
J Nerv Ment Dis 1979 Dec
PMID:The treatment of psychotic major depressive disorder with drugs and electroconvulsive therapy. 4 82

Psychiatric patients received a computer interview that assessed 27 life problem areas. Within the sleep area, difficulty falling asleep was compared to awakening problems and appeared to be a more severe patient problem in terms of the large number of associated nonsleep problems. The patient's intensity of physical tension and degree of excessive solitary behavior were related to the problem of falling asleep. The major variables associated with awakening problems were pain and physical complications interfering with sleep. Patients with a strong sleep medication involvement were found to use multiple classes of drugs, to use a greater overall quantity of drugs, and to express various drug problems. A combination of physical tension, anxiety, and depression were predictive of patients' sleep medication involvement, whereas no one particular group of sleep problems indicated a significantly greater involvement than another group.
J Nerv Ment Dis 1979 Dec
PMID:Sleep problems and sleep medication involvement of psychiatric patients. 4 83

Baboons anaesthetized with halothane and nitrous oxide in oxygen were given Althesin 0.05 ml kg-1 i.v. Cerebral blood flow (c.b.f.) was measured by an electromagnetic flowmeter and by xenon clearance whilst extracellular fluid (e.c.f.) pH of the parietal cortex was measured with a micro pH electrode. Carotid blood flow (carBF) began to decrease and carotid vascular resistance (carVR) to increase 2.0 s (SEM 0.3) after the slowing of the e.e.g. produced by Althesin, while e.c.f. pH began to change to alkaline 10.5 s (SEM 1.0) after the e.e.g. change. The first statistically significant increase in mean e.c.f. pH occurred 25 s after the Althesin-induced change in the e.e.g. The duration of the changes in carVR and e.c.f. pH were 7 and 5 min respectively. It is concluded that the change in e.c.f. pH cannot have initiated the increase in carVR which followed the cerebral matabolic depression produced by Althesin. The later alkaline shift in e.c.f. pH may, however, have maintained the increased carVR during the duration of cerebral metabolic depression produced by Althesin.
Br J Anaesth 1979 Dec
PMID:Relationship between cerebral blood flow changes and cortical extracellular fluid pH during cerebral metabolic depression induced by althesin. 4 61

Intravenous administration of increasing doses of the ergoline, lergotrile mesylate, caused a rapid, dose-dependent and haloperidol-reversible inhibition of unit activity of dopamine cells in the pars compacta of the rat substantia nigra. 6 microgram/kg caused significant depression of dopamine cell firing rates; 50% inhibition was achieved with a cumulative dose of 100 microgram/kg. 60% of the cells were completely inhibited by increasing doses of the drug, the remainder became resistant to further inhibition after reaching rates 25--50% of baseline. Pretreatment with reserpine and alpha-methylparatyrosine did not significantly attenuate the lergotrile-induced inhibition. Lergotrile had no consistent effect on firing rates of cells in the pars reticulata of the substantia nigra. The ergoline reduced the apparent activation of striatal dopamine synthesis associated with complete cessation of impulse flow in nigral-striatal dopamine neurons induced by gamma-butyrolactone treatment. These effects are compared with those of apomorphine and amphetamine. The results are consistent with the idea that lergotrile is a direct acting dopamine agonist.
Eur J Pharmacol 1979 Dec 07
PMID:Dopamine neurons: effect of lergotrile on unit activity and transmitter synthesis. 4 59

Methamphetamine in large doses decreases striatal tyrosine hydroxylase activity. This effect is prevented by neuroleptic agents such as chlorpromazine and haloperidol which would suggest that released dopamine may be involved in the response. To test this hypothesis, we have altered dopamine synthesis with alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine and L-Dopa and found that dopamine synthesis is necessary for the observed depression of striatal TH activity by methamphetamine. In the adrenal gland, however, the increase in TH activity by methamphetamine is not prevented by inhibition of catecholamine synthesis. It is possible that released dopamine may be inhibiting TH activity by activation of pre- or postsynaptic dopamine receptors in the neostriatum resulting in activation of the neuronal feedback pathway or released dopamine may act on dendrodendritic autoreceptors in the substantia nigra.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 1979 Dec
PMID:Influence of dopamine synthesis on methamphetamine-induced changes in striatal and adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase activity. 4 81

The clinical, pathological, and neurochemical characteristics of a newly recognized inherited neurological disorder are reported. Lethargy and mental depression are early symptoms, followed by mild parkinsonism and progressive weight loss. Failure of automatic respiratory control develops and may result in sudden death. Advanced degeneration of the substantia nigra, cell loss and gliosis of the basal ganglia, and focal gliosis in the medulla are seen on pathological study. Degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system is evidenced by low levels of tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine, homovanillic acid, and L-dopa decarboxylase in postmortem brain samples. Taurine concentrations in fasting plasma and CSF are somewhat depressed; brain contents of taurine are within normal limits.
Ann Neurol 1979 Dec
PMID:Familial fatal Parkinsonism with alveolar hypoventilation and mental depression. 4 4

After incubation at pH 10 or higher, Bacillus thuringiensis spores and endotoxin, at concentrations above 0.1 IU/ml, affected transport parameters in the isolated midgut of Manduca sexta larvae. (Toxic activity was lost during roughly 1 week at pH 11.) About 60% of the short-circuit current was inhibited, and the remainder was reversibly inhibited by anoxia. Electrical resistance was reduced by about 55% and oxygen uptake stimulated by about 30%. Influx of potassium from blood-side to lumen-side ('active' flux) was unaffected but flux in the reverse direction was nearly tripled. These results suggest that hydrolysis of the toxin yields an inhibitor of potassium transport, presumably a polypeptide. It is argued that inhibition is not primarily by uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, but instead by interference with an active depression of the efflux of potassium from lumen-side to blood-side.
J Exp Biol 1979 Dec
PMID:Mechanism of inhibition of active potassium transport in isolated midgut of Manduca sexta by Bacillus thuringiensis endotoxin. 4 81


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