Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Infusions of donor bone marrow derived cells (DBMC) continue to be tested in clinical protocols intended to induce specific immunologic tolerance of solid organ transplants based on the observations that donor-specific tolerance is induced this way in animal models. We studied the immunological effects of human DBMC infusions in renal transplantation using modifications in lymphoproliferation (MLR) and cytotoxicity (CML) assays. The salient observations and tentative conclusions are summarized in this review. Among many types of organs transplanted using DBMC at this center, it was found that the cadaver renal recipients (CAD) had significantly decreased chronic rejection and higher graft survival when compared to equivalent non-infused controls. DBMC infusion was also associated with a marginal and non-specific immune depression. It was also observed that the number of chimeric donor cells gradually increased in the iliac crest bone marrow compartment with a concomitant decrease in the peripheral blood and that the increase was more rapid in living-related donor (LRD)-kidney/DBMC recipients in spite of a lower number of DBMC infused (<25%) than in the CAD-kidney/DBMC group. In the LRD recipients with residual anti-donor responses, purified chimeric cells of either donor or recipient inhibited recipient immune responses to the donor significantly more strongly than the freshly obtained bone marrow from the specific donor or volunteer suggesting an active regulatory role for chimeric cells. A number of (non-chimeric) subpopulations of bone marrow cells including CD34(+) stem cells and the CD34(-) early progeny like CD38(+), CD2(+), CD5(+) and CD1(+) lymphoid cells as well as CD33(+) (but CD15(-)) myeloid cells down-regulated the MLR and CML responses of allogeneic PBMC stimulated with (autologous) donor spleen cells. These regulatory effects appeared to be refractory to the action of commonly used immunosuppressive drugs and occurred during the early phase of the immune response through cell-cell interactions. Most of these DBMC sub-populations had stimulatory capabilities, albeit markedly lower than donor spleen cells, but only through the indirect antigen presentation pathway. When co-cultured with allogeneic stimulators, purified CD34(+) cells were found to give rise both to CD3(-) TCRalphabeta(+), as well as CD3(+) TCRalphabeta(+) cells and, thereby, responded in MLR to allogeneic stimulation (but did not generate cytotoxic effector cells). Also, a number of DBMC subpopulations inhibited the CML and to a lesser extent the MLR, of autologous post-thymic responding T cells stimulated with allogeneic irradiated cells, mediated through soluble factors. Finally, non-chimeric DBMC also inhibited the proliferative and cytotoxic responses of autologous T cells to EBV antigens, inducing T suppressor cells, which in turn could inhibit autologous anti-EBV CTL generation and B cell anti-CMV antibody production. These studies all suggested a strong inhibitory property of a number of DBMC sub-populations in vitro and in vivo with the notion that they promote unresponsiveness.
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PMID:Immune responses and their regulation by donor bone marrow cells in clinical organ transplantation. 1296 84

The aim of the investigation was to study the significance of the functional condition of endothelium for the evaluation of ischemic episodes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Ninety-three patients (52 men; 41 women; mean age 58.3+/-4.8 years) were examined. Group 1 consisted of 47 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and CD2; group 2 consisted of 46 CAD patients without carbohydrate exchange disorder. Both groups were comparable by gender, age, and the main risk factors. The patients were examined using Holter monitoring, physical load test, EchoCG, reactive hyperemia test (ultrasound evaluation of the endothelium-dependent brachial artery dilation). The number of painless ischemic episodes (PIE), the total duration of ischemia, the maximum degree of ST depression prevailed in group 1 patients. Correlation analysis demonstrated a significant negative correlation between endothelial dysfunction, one the one part, and the number and duration of PIE and the time between the ischemic ST depression and pain syndrome, on the other, in group 1 patients.
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PMID:[Clinicofunctional evaluation of ischemic episodes and vascular endothelium in patients with type 2 diabetes]. 1729 80

The aim of this study was to evaluate peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations, neutrophil phagocytic capacity and proteinogram characteristics in mares, during the last trimester of pregnancy and in postpartum. Measurement of phagocytosis and quantification of T-lymphocyte subsets were done by flow cytometry. Quantification of T-lymphocyte subsets was performed with monoclonal antibodies specific for CD2, CD3, CD4 and CD8 cell markers. Natural killer and B-cell counts were estimated mathematically. Serum proteinogram was obtained by electrophoresis. No significant differences were observed between gestation and postpartum on CD4(+), CD8(+) and NK(+) lymphocyte subsets, CD4 : CD8 ratio and phagocytosis. The percentage of cells expressing CD3 (64.2 +/- 1.8) and CD2 (68.4 +/- 1.7) (Mean +/- SEM) was reduced during gestation vs postpartum (69.7 +/- 1.5 and 73.8 +/- 1.4 respectively) (p < 0.05). During pregnancy, CD19(+) (31.6 +/- 1.7) was higher than in postpartum (26.2 +/- 1.4) (p < 0.05). Total T cells (2911 +/- 227 cells/mul), T helper cells (2144 +/- 169 cells/mul) and T-cytotoxic cells (767 +/- 68 cells/mul) were depressed in pregnancy, when compared with postpartum (4093 +/- 337 cells/mul; 3004 +/- 276 cells/mul; 1089 +/- 94 cells/mul respectively) (p < 0.01). Total white blood cell count was reduced during pregnancy (8815 +/- 427 cells/mul) with respect to postpartum (10742 +/- 446 cells/mul) (p < 0.01), while neutrophil count did not change. Total proteins, albumin, alpha(1),alpha(2),beta(1), beta(2), gamma globulins and albumin : globulin did not differ. Our results suggest that the physiological immune depression occurring in mares, during gestation might be due to T-helper and T-cytotoxic lymphocytes reduction.
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PMID:Blood lymphocyte subpopulations, neutrophil phagocytosis and proteinogram during late pregnancy and postpartum in mares. 1798 70

We report a case of esophageal extranasal NK/T cell lymphoma with biphasic morphologic features revealed by a deep large piecemeal biopsy. A 40-year-old man present with pharyngalgia, dysphagia, recurrent fever, and 5-kg weight loss for 8 months. Endoscopy demonstrated progressing longitudinal ulcers and mucosal bridges along the esophagus. The first and second biopsies obtained superficial mucosa with scattered bland-looking small lymphocytes. A subsequent large piecemeal snare abscission for biopsy showed atypical lymphoid cells infiltrating into the deep lamina propria and muscularis mucosae, whereas the superficial lamina propria was highly edematous with scant small lymphocytes. Immunohistochemical studies confirmed that both underlying atypical cells and superficial small lymphocytes were neoplastic, sharing an identical immunophenotype: positive for CD2, CD3, CD43, CD8, CD56, TIA-1 and granzyme B. Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNAs were found in both cells. The histologic findings were diagnostic of primary esophageal extranasal NK/T cell lymphoma. However, the patient developed bone marrow depression during chemotherapy and died of massive cerebral hemorrhage after the first cycle of chemotherapy. Primary esophageal extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma nasal type is extremely rare. We show the biphasic morphology of this disease, which highlights the importance of deep biopsy for accurate diagnosis.
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PMID:Primary Esophageal Extranasal NK/T Cell Lymphoma With Biphasic Morphology: A Case Report and Literature Review. 2618 57


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