UMLS:C0011570 - FACTA Search

Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Target Concepts:

Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study was designed to investigate changes in contractile force, resting tension, and microsomal Ca2+ uptake in isolated rat hearts perfused under conditions associated with reversible and irreversible stages of the calcium paradox phenomenon. Five minutes of reperfusion with normal medium containing 1.25 mM calcium after 5 minutes of Ca2+-free perfusion produced a marked rise in resting tension, no recovery of contractile force, and a 63% depression in microsomal Ca2+ uptake. When reperfusion was carried out after 5 minutes of perfusion with 0.025 mM or greater concentrations of Ca2+, after less than 5 minutes of Ca2+-free exposure or after 5 minutes of varying degrees of hypothermic Ca2+-free perfusion, the increase in resting tension and decrease in contractile force development as well as microsomal Ca2+ accumulation were either absent or reduced. Furthermore, reperfusion-induced increases in resting tension and decreases in microsomal Ca2+ uptake also were found to be dependent on the duration of reperfusion as well as on the calcium concentration of the reperfusion medium. Microsomes isolated from control, Ca2+-free perfused or reperfused hearts were found to have similar phospholipid composition, protein profiles (SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis), and electron microscopic appearance. Whereas Ca2+-free perfusion alone had no effect on any of the parameters studied, reperfusion also depressed microsomal Ca2+-binding, Mg2+-ATPase, and Ca2+-stimulated ATPase activities. Changes in microsomal Ca2+ uptake exhibited sigmoidal relationships with the ability of Ca2+-depleted hearts to recover their contractile force or increase their resting tension upon reperfusion. Our findings suggest that reperfusion-induced contracture and intracellular calcium overload may be associated in part with a defect in the ability of sarcoplasmic reticulum to regulate calcium.
...
PMID:Role of changes in microsomal calcium uptake in the effects of reperfusion of Ca2+-deprived rat hearts. 743 44

Depression in the elderly is frequent but often unknown (in 30 to 50% of the cases) because of difficulties in detecting or diagnosing it. This is due to the clinical features and prognosis of depression in this kind of population but also to the non-existence of specific diagnostic tests. Most of the authors consider that the most useful diagnostic tests are screening assessments. Some are rating scales that have been validated in general population then secondarily in the elderly: Hamilton Rating Depression Scale (HDRS), Montgomery & Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Zung Self Rating Depression Scale (Zung SDS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) or Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). They usually involve biases linked to age and more particularly to somatic items; and the educational level required to answer is too high for this population. However, the MADRS is still interesting for measuring change under treatment and the CES-D for detection of depressive elderly. On the other hand, some screening scales are specific of depression in the elderly. The most commonly used is the GDS (Geriatric Depression Scale) with 30 items. Some points have been discussed to increase the achievement of these methods. For example, inventories are better than interviews and should be integrated into semi-standardized interviews which do not last more than 30 minutes. The quotation 'yes' or 'no' is preferable. The instrument have to be short but have to contain specific items for depression in the elderly. Several short forms are already validated or in progress such as GDS with 15 items and, recently, with 4 items, BASDEC, short Zung IDS, BDI with 13 items and DGDS. However, these screening scales loose a part of their validity in the moderate or severe demented elderly. Few instruments can screen depression in a demented population although depression and dementia syndromes are frequently associated. Some of the inventories used are not specific: they evaluate the general psychopathology in the elderly and contains subscales which screen depression or organic brain disease. Thus, GMS-AGECAT Package, CAMDEX, CARPER, BAS are often used by the Anglo-Saxons. At present, only one specific instrument has been validated: the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia. Recently, new screening instruments have been put forward: Dementia Mood Assessment Scale and Canberra Interview for the elderly which seem interesting but need further studies.
...
PMID:[Psychometric evaluation of depression in the elderly subject: which instruments? What are the future perspectives?]. 772 Jun 19

We report the results of a multicenter, double-blind study conducted in a general practice setting, in which the efficacy and tolerability of moclobemide, a new antidepressant drug of the reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type A class, were compared with those of maprotiline, a noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor often prescribed in the general practice setting. Participating general practitioners were required to make differential diagnoses of depressive disorders according to DSM-III criteria and then quantitatively assess the efficacy of treatment using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and the Zung self-rating depression scale (Zung SDS). One hundred thirty outpatients (mean age 48 years) with major depression according to DSM-III were randomized to receive either moclobemide 300 mg or maprotiline 75 mg daily for 4 weeks. From day 8, dosages were increased if necessary up to a maximum of 400 mg of moclobemide or 100 mg of maprotiline. The results showed that moclobemide was as effective as maprotiline (HDRS, Zung SDS); moclobemide appeared to have the same antidepressant and anxiolytic activity, but a stronger drive-enhancing effect. Moclobemide was the better-tolerated drug, producing fewer side effects than maprotiline did: in particular, fewer instances of somnolence and dry mouth. The good tolerability of the compound was confirmed by the qualitative assessments of the study physicians.
...
PMID:Comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of moclobemide and maprotiline in depressed patients treated by general practitioners. 795 82

A questionnaire survey was conducted in 1991 in order to elucidate depressive state among 352 nursing teachers and guidance workers working in 71 homes for mentally retarded children. The data were analyzed by means of Zung's SDS to study the causative factors in relation to personal attributes, conditions and variables pertaining to work, professional characteristics, and nearby people's expectations and mental support. The results obtained were as follows: 1) The level of depression in the subject population was not particularly higher than that in the general public or other professional groups. 2) The results of multiple regression analysis indicated that labor-related problems, including dissatisfaction with one's work and sense of being overburdened, constituted a factor that led to depression. The condition worsened in proportion to the excess in workload, work hours, and responsibility, irregularity of work shift, along with lack of a sense of fulfillment and teamwork. 3) The factor which counteracted depression was support and mutual reliance from colleagues and supervisors as well as from the children and their families. The more strongly a subject felt mentally supported by these people, and had someone to turn to for advice concerning personal problems, the lower his or her depression score tended to be. 4) Of the professional characteristics specific to the guidance of mentally retarded children, the factors leading to depression were not workload but dissatisfaction or doubt concerning one's own instruction and negative mental attitude toward the children and their families, that is, consciousness and emotion that partly resembled burnout syndrome.
...
PMID:[Depressive state and related factors in nursery teachers and guidance workers in homes for mentally retarded children]. 804 Oct 34

We studied the psychiatric side effect of interferon (IFN) therapy to the patients with chronic hepatitis type C (n = 48) using Cornell Medical Index (CMI) and Self-Depression Scale (CMI). No patients in this study showed any overt psychiatric diseases by IFN treatment. However, scores of SDS were more increased in the patients treated with IFN-alpha (32.7 +/- 7.4 to 38.9 +/- 8.4, n = 26, p < 0.001) than in those treated with IFN-beta (33.7 +/- 9.8 to 36.0 +/- 12.4, n = 18, not significant), suggesting subclinical psychiatric abnormalities caused by IFN therapy. We should take care of psychiatric side effects on treatment of IFN, especially IFN-alpha, for chronic hepatitis. Further studies are needed.
...
PMID:[Psychiatric complications of interferon therapy]. 807 5

The calcium transients which are associated with spreading depression (SD) do not lead to neuronal necrosis, even if the SDs are repeated over hours. We have previously shown that a restriction of energy production by moderate hypoglycemia prolongs the calcium transients during SD. In the present experiments, we explored whether such prolonged transients lead to neuronal necrosis. To that end, SDs were elicited for 2 h by topical application of KCl in anesthetized rats at plasma glucose concentrations of 6, 3, and 2 mM. The animals were then allowed to recover, and they were studied histopathologically after 7 days. In two other groups, hypoglycemic coma of 5 min duration (defined in terms of the d.c. potential shift) was induced either without or with a preceding train of SDs. These animals were also evaluated with respect to histopathological alterations. SDs elicited for 2 h did not give rise to neuronal damage when elicited at plasma glucose concentration of 6 mM, and, of the animals maintained at 3 and 2 mM, only a few animals showed (mild) damage. In general, therefore, repeated SDs with calcium transients of normal or increased duration fail to induce neuronal damage. The results suggest that, if calcium transients are responsible for a gradual extension of the infarct into the penumbra zone of a focal ischemic lesion some additional pathophysiological factors must be present, such as overt energy failure, acidosis, or microvascular damage. A hypoglycemia-induced calcium transient of 5 min duration gave no or only moderate neuronal damage. However, if a series of SDS were elicited in the precoma period, the damage was exaggerated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
...
PMID:The influence of repeated spreading depression-induced calcium transients on neuronal viability in moderately hypoglycemic rats. 818 52

Our work, about the psychological disorders associated with cancer of the larynx and its therapeutics, study a group of 54 neoplasicos patients who have undergone a laryngectomy, before and after surgical treatment. We analyze in the pre-operation period, the relationship between the cancer and anxiety/state, comparing the patients with a serious neoplasia and those with a more benign pathology. After the operation, we study the relationship between the loss or retention of speech and the existence of anxiety/state and depression. We evaluate anxiety through the (STAI) of Spielberger and depression through the SDS scale of Zung. The pre-operative results indicate that the patients have levels of A/E significantly greater (p < 0.0001) than the mean score in the control group, without there being any significant difference according to the gravity of the cancer. Patients that have lost the capacity to speak after the surgical treatment, have significantly higher levels of anxiety and depression than the control group and those patients that have retained the capacity to speak (p < 0.0005). Other results about the relationship between the two disorders studied and variables of personality, can be found in the analysis section and in the discussion of the results.
...
PMID:[Psychological alterations in patients with cancer of the larynx before and after laryngectomy]. 835 29

The specific activity of D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) dehydrogenase (phosphorylating) (GPDH, EC 1.2.1.12) found in liver of induced hibernating jerboa (Jaculus orientalis) was 2-3-fold lower than in the euthermic animal. However, the comparative analysis of the soluble protein fraction of these tissues by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting showed no significant changes in the intensity of the 36 kDa protein band of the GPDH subunit. After using the same purification procedure, the GPDH from liver hibernating jerboa exhibited lower values for both apparent optimal temperature and specific activity than the enzyme from the euthermic animal. Similar non-linear Arrhenius plots were obtained, but the Ea values calculated for the GPDH from hibernating tissue were higher. Although in both purified enzyme preparations four isoelectric GPDH isoforms were resolved by chromatofocusing, those of hibernating liver exhibited more acidic pI values (pI 7.3-6.1) than the hepatic isoforms of euthermic animals (pI 8.7-8.1). However, all liver GPDH isoforms exhibited similar native and subunit molecular masses and cross-reacted with an antibody raised against muscle GPDH. The comparison of the kinetic parameters of both purified preparations and the main isoforms isolated from euthermic and hibernating tissues showed the decreased catalytic efficiency of hibernating enzyme being exclusively due to a lower Vmax for both substrates G3P and NAD+. Phosphodiesterase treatment of cell-free extracts increased GPDH activity in the case of hibernating liver only. The pI of the main isoform purified from this tissue, about 6.9, changed after this treatment to an alkaline value (pI 8.44) similar to those of the euthermic GPDH isoforms. Differential ultraviolet absorption spectra of these isoforms indicated that a substance absorbing at 260 nm, that was released by the phosphodiesterase digestion, was present in the enzyme of hibernating tissue. Incubation of purified GPDH with the NO-releasing agent sodium nitroprussite produced under conditions that promote mono-ADP-ribosylation a dramatic decrease of activity (up to 60%) of both euthermic and phosphodiesterase-treated hibernating preparations but only a marginal inhibition of the hibernating enzyme. These data suggest that the liver GPDH of hibernating jerboa exhibits a posttranslational covalent modification, being probably a mono-ADP-ribosylation. The resulting inhibition of enzyme activity could contribute to the wide depression of the glycolytic metabolic flow associated with mammalian hibernation.
...
PMID:Evidence for a posttranslational covalent modification of liver glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in hibernating jerboa (Jaculus orientalis). 854 42

This descriptive study examined the relationships of nurses' critical thinking ability and perceived patient self-disclosure to accuracy in nursing assessment of depression in older medical patients. The sample consisted of 120 female nurse-patient dyads. Critical thinking ability was measured by the Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal. Accuracy in nursing assessment was measured by deviations between the patient's SDS observed score and the patient's SDS predicted score. The patient's predicted score was based on the relationship between the Depression Status Inventory and Self-Rating Depression Scale. Perceived patient self-disclosure was measured by a 3-point system on patients' disclosure of information on symptoms of depression. A Pearson product-moment correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The result showed that nurses' education was not significantly related to accuracy in assessment but related to critical thinking ability (r = .26; p = .004). Nurses' critical thinking ability was significantly related to accuracy in nursing assessment depression (r = -.24; p = .008). Perceived patients self-disclosure was not significantly related to accuracy in nursing assessment of depression.
...
PMID:Relationships of nurses' critical thinking ability and perceived patient self-disclosure to accuracy in assessment of depression. 870 32

To investigate influence of social activity on normal brain aging, we studied the social activity score, cognitive functions, self-rating depression scale, cerebral blood flow (CBF), MRI and motor function in the normal elderly people living in different social environments. There was no difference in risk factors for stroke, MRI findings and CBF between the two groups. However, the subjects living in a home for elderly showed significantly lower social activities than those living with families. Cognitive functions and motor function were lower, and SDS was higher in subjects living in retirement house than those living with families. The social environment including social activities closely related to life style may significantly influence brain aging with regard to silent brain infarctions or risk factors for stroke.
...
PMID:[Influence of social environments on brain aging]. 886 22

<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>