Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1 -- Respiratory depression has been studied in the no anaesthetized rabbit by analysis of the blood gases after an injection of Piritramide (R 3365) and dehydrobenzperidol. 2 -- The respiratory depression induced by Piritramide alone is less important after an injection of dehydrobenzperidol; the most interessant cases are: -- mixture dehydrobenzperidol 400 mug/kg. Pirittramide 1000 mug/kg; --dehydrobenzperidol (400 mug/kg) injected 15 minutes before Piritramide (1000 mug/kg). 3 -- The addition of Dehydrobenzperidol does not take the analgesic activity of Piritramide decrease by it increases it.
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PMID:[Combination of R3365 (piritramide) and dehydrobenzperidol in animals. Respiratory effects and analgesia]. 0 63

Total I.V. anesthesia was given to 20 patients using an Etomidate continuous infusion to maintain sleep, combined to Fentanyl analgesia, Droperidol, Pancuronium for muscular relaxation and artificial ventilation with an oxygen-air mixture. All these patients were carefully observed during and for several hours after the anesthesia and the results noted. With the Fentanyl dosages used in this technique, peroperative analgesia was frequently insufficient. More Fentanyl would probably be needed with the inherent dangers of prolonged postoperative depression.
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PMID:Total I.V. anesthesia using a continuous etomidate infusion. 54 55

The effect of Innovar on ventilatory response to CO2 was studied in 35 patients undergoing peripheral surgery with regional anesthesia. The dosage schedule (per 70 kg body weight) was 2 ml intramuscularly, prior to the block, and 1 ml intravenously, after the block. The decrease in mean CO2 response slope (15 percent decrease from control 30 minutes after the first dose) was not statistically significant. Control slope varied inversely with age (r = 0.41, p less than 0.05), and (in 22 patients) directly with the FEV1/FVC ratio (r = 0.54, p less than 0.02) and with the combined variables (FEV1/FVC)/age (r = 0.58, p less than 0.01). Depression of CO2 response slope following Innovar did not vary with age or FEV1. We conclude that, in otherwise normal patients, these doses of innovar cause only minor depression of ventilatory response to CO2. However, in those patients who already have a depressed response (the elderly and those with a decreased FEV1/FVC ratio), this additional depression occasionally may be clinically important.
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PMID:Age, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and Innovar induced ventilatory depression during regional anesthesia. 56 87

In 10 healthy male volunteers breathing 100% oxygen, we determined the effect of four intravenous dose levels of fentanyl (0.0015, 0.003, 0.006 and 0.009 mg/kg) and two of fentanyl plus droperidol (i.e., Innovar, 0.003 and 0.006 mg/kg of fentanyl with 2.5 mg of droperidol for each 0.05 mg of fentanyl) on PECO2 and the slope of the ventilatory response to imposed increases in PECO2. All doses of fentanyl and fentanyl plus droperidol depressed the slope and shifted the curve to the right. Depression was dose related and was maximum 5 minutes after administration. The slope returned to control by 2 hours postinjection even at the highest narcotic dose. However, the rightward shift of the CO2 response curve require 4 hours to return to control. Droperidol added to fentanyl did not increase or prolong the respiratory depression seen with fentanyl alone at equivalent dose levels. Nausea and emesis occurred more frequently with fentanyl alone and orthostatic hypotension occurred more frequently with droperidol plus fentanyl. Dysphoria was a prominent consequence of fentanyl plus droperidol administration.
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PMID:The magnitude and duration of respiratory depression produced by fentanyl and fentanyl plus droperidol in man. 97 96

In volunteer human subjects not undergoing surgical operations and breathing spontaneously, the cardiovascular effects of Innovar and of its components, fentanyl and droperidol, were determined when the drugs were administered in minimal amounts necessary to reach an analgesic endpoint. This amount was fentanyl 5 mcg./kg. body weight combined with droperidol 0.22 mg./kg. Innovar, or its components when administered separately, produced minimal cardiovascular changes of consequence during the time of maximum analgesia (about 15 minutes). With the passage of time after administration of a single dose of Innovar, there were some changes in cardiac output, heart rate, and stroke volume, probably representing normal changes of sedated sleep. None of the changes, acute or delayed, was clinically significant. Analgesia could be achieved only when fentanyl was combined with droperidol; and although a certain amount of respiratory depression resulted from the combined drugs, the authors concluded that the observed cardiovascular changes probably represented primary drug effects.
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PMID:Cardiovascular effects of minimal analgesic quantities of Innovar, fentanyl, and droperidol in man. 116 51

On 10 patients who had to undergo a ca. 4 hour operation of the lower abdominal region, the pattern of catecholamine excretion before, during and after operation was traced. 1. A decrease of systolic blood pressure on average of 80 mm Hg, in correlation to the concentration of Halothane and Thalamonal, was recorded. 2. The excretion of adrenaline and noradrenalin was significantly lower during anaesthesia as compared with the initial value, suggesting a depression of sympathoadrenal system. 3. The postoperative amount of adrenaline and especially noradrenaline increased markedly, when anaesthesia worn off, postoperative shivering started, and surgical wounds caused pain. 4. The excretion of urine during operation was slightly reduced, the renal output showed normal amounts, when calculated up to 24 hours. The results show, that the combined use of halothane an thalamonal because of its depressant effects on the sympathoadrenal system is capable of reducing the liberation of catecholamines during anaesthesia.
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PMID:[The course of the catecholamine excretion during combination anaesthesia with halothane and thalamonal (author's transl)]. 121 2

Either fentanyl or Innovar (fentanyl, 0.05 mg/ml, and droperidol 2.5 mg/ml) was administered to supplement nitrous oxide anesthesia for operations on 29 patients. Both fentanyl and Innovar depressed the slope of the rebreathing CO2 response curve during operation to 42 per cent +/- 6 (mean of all intraoperative values, +/- SE) of the awake control value. Following the last injection of drug but with continuation of operation, the slope increased such that it was 77 per cent +/- 8 of control on the patients' arrival in the recovery room. The slope continued to increase to a peak of 103 per cent +/- 9 of control. Soon therafter respiratory depression recurred, as indicated by a decline in the slope to 55 per cent +/- 5 of control, with a subsequent gradual return to 85 per cent +/- 8 of control 230 minutes after the last injection. This biphasic response occurred in 90 per cent (26 of 29) of the patients treated either with fentanyl alone or with Innovar. Full recovery appeared to be more rapid with Innovar than with fentanyl alone. Droperidol did not augment and may have attenuated fentanyl-induced respiratory-depression.
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PMID:Biphasic respiratory depression after fentanyldroperidol or fentanyl alone used to supplement nitrous oxide anesthesia. 125 86

The realization that many intensive care patients develop psychoreactive problems ranging from confusion to depression to frank mutism led us to include Dehydrobenzperidol (DHB) in our analgesia and sedation scheme. The early prophylactic administration of this drug was found to be particularly effective in the prevention of delirium following an alcohol and/or drug overdose.
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PMID:[Psychopharmacologic aspects in intensive care medicine]. 181 35

Whereas in adults the use of Innovar for premedication has been abolished, the combination of midazolam and Innovar is still recommended for the premedication of children. This combination may lead to an additional depressive effect on respiration. A prospective, randomized study was performed to evaluate the risk of ventilatory depression. In 36 infants capillary blood gas values were measured pre- and postmedication with either rectal midazolam (0.4 mg/kg) and i.m. Innovar (0.04 ml/kg) or after oral chlorprothixene (2.0 mg/kg). After chlorprothixen the blood gas values did not change, whereas after the combination of midazolam and Innovar pCO2 rose significantly from 35.5 to 43.0 mmHg. In 7 of 22 cases pCO2 reached values above 45 mmHg. This difference compared to the chlorprothixene group was significant (p less than 0.05). The pH fell significantly from 7.42 to 7.36 in the combination group. Clinical signs of respiratory depression could not be observed in this group. The combination of midazolam with Innovar is therefore not useful for premedication in infants and young children.
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PMID:[Significant CO2 retention in children after premedication with Dormicum and Thalamonal]. 250 75

Although anesthetics are known to cause respiratory and cardiovascular depression in humans, these adverse effects rarely have been investigated in laboratory rodents. This study evaluated the effects of four different injectable drugs, pentobarbital, fentanyl-droperidol (Innovar-Vet), ketamine-xylazine and ketamine-diazepam on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems of rats. Results showed marked acidosis, hypercarbia and hypoxia with high doses of Innovar-Vet, moderate respiratory depression with all dosages of pentobarbital and minimal respiratory depression with ketamine-xylazine and ketamine-diazepam. Innovar-Vet, ketamine-xylazine and pentobarbital caused profound hypotension, particularly at high dosages, while ketamine-diazepam caused the least depression in mean arterial blood pressure of all drugs evaluated. None of the drugs studied produced significant alterations in heart rate. Throughout all dosages investigated, the ketamine-diazepam combination showed the least overall effects on ventilation and perfusion of the four parenteral drug combinations studied.
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PMID:The effects of pentobarbital, fentanyl-droperidol, ketamine-xylazine and ketamine-diazepam on arterial blood pH, blood gases, mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate in adult male rats. 312 87


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