Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The left anterior descending or left circumflex coronary artery was cannulated in ten dogs. 4 mg/kg hydrocortisone were slowly infused and the cannula was withdrawn. The dogs were then subjected to hemorrhagic shock for 90 minutes followed by retransfusion. The contractile force (CF) and its first derivative (df/dt) were measured in the pretreated (infused) area and in a control (non-perfused) area of the left ventricle. During the shock period, CF and df/dt in the non-pretreated area showed a 50% reduction in comparison to the pre-shock level, whereas the contractile force in the area that had been pretreated with hydrocortisone did not change when compared to the pre-shock period. This study shows that myocardial depression secondary to hemorrhagic shock can be effectively prevented by pretreatment with hydrocortisone.
Basic Res Cardiol
PMID:Prevention of myocardial depression in experimental hemorrhagic shock by pretreatment with hydrocortisone. 65 16

Sinus node recovery time (SRT), the pacing rate with the maximal SRT, and calculated sinoatrial conduction time (SACT) were studied by overdrive atrial pacing and programmed premature atrial stimulation in 78 patients before and after the application of several antiarrhythmic drugs or of atropine. The maximum SRT was usually observed at lower rates of atrial pacing after application of a drug that prolonged SACT, whereas the opposite behaviour was observed in the majority of cases in whom the drug tested shortened calculated SACT. However, this relationship was not observed in all cases which may be due to random changes of sinus node automaticity or sinoatrial conduction, or to the inability of programmed premature atrial stimulation to detect changes of SACT. The results of this study further substantiate the importance of the properties of sinoat;ial conduction for achieving a maximal depression sinus node activity during high rate atrial pacing.
Basic Res Cardiol
PMID:Influence of drugs on the relationship between sinus node recovery time and calculated sinoatrial conduction time in man. 65 18

To aid in the study of coronary artery disease, 57 patients with complete left bundle branch block underwent clinical evaluation, treadmill exercise testing and cardiac catheterization. The patients were classified into two groups according to coronary angiographic findings: 30 patients with significant stenosis (70 percent or greater luminal narrowing) of at least one major vessel and 27 with no significant coronary artery disease. There was no difference in age, presenting symptoms or previous medical treatment between the two groups. There were more men in the group with coronary artery disease. Exercise-induced S-T changes were similar in the two groups; the sensitivity and specificity of these changes for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease were unacceptable irrespective of the criterion chosen. With additional S-T depression of either 1 or 2 mm below the baseline value, the predictive accuracy was only 53 percent. Combined exertional chest pain and 1 mm S-T depression increased the predictive accuracy of exercise testing to 71 percent. These data indicate that exercise-induced electrocardiographic changes do not facilitate detection of coronary artery disease in patients with complete left bundle branch block.
Am J Cardiol 1978 Jul
PMID:Is the treadmill exercise test useful for evaluating coronary artery disease in patients with complete left bundle branch block? 67 34

A multicenter study of rest and exercise thallium-201 myocardial imaging in 190 patients from five centers was performed. Exercise images were obtained after graded treadmill or bicycle stress with use of five different gamma camera models and were interpreted by the originating investigator without knowledge of other clinical data. Of 42 patients with less than 50 percent coronary stenosis, 4 (10 percent) had a resting image defect, 1 (2 percent) a new exercise defect and 5 (12 percent) either a resting or an exercise image defect, or both. Of 148 patients with coronary stenosis of 50 percent or greater, 64, (45 percent) had an image defect in the study at rest, 90 (61 percent) had new or increased defects after exercise, and 115 (78 percent) had resting or exercise defects, or both. New exercise image defects were more common than exercise S-T depression (90 of 148 [61 percent] versus 62 of 148[42 percent]; P less than 0.01). In a second group of 111 patients with acute myocardial infarction studied at three centers, 90 patients (81 percent) had image defects compared with 71 (64 percent) two had new electrocardiographic Q waves (P less than 0.01). Smaller infractions, as assessed with serum enzyme values, and diaphragmatic infarctions were less commonly detected than larger or anterior infarctions. These findings suggest that myocardial imaging complements the electrocardiographic identification of acute myocardial infarction of exericse-induced myocardial ischemia.
Am J Cardiol 1978 Sep
PMID:Myocardial imaging with thallium-201: a multicenter study in patients with angina pectoris or acute myocardial infarction. 68 46

This study was designed to determine whether treadmill exercise testing could identify patients with critical coronary lesions. Critical lesions were defined as obstruction of the left main coronary artery or concomitant narrowing of the left anterior descending and circumflex coronary arteries proximal to any major branches. The time of onset and degree of S-T segment depression were evaluated in 25 patients with critical lesions and in 50 patients with other types of lesions. S-T segment depression of 2 mm or more was present in 82 percent of patients with left main coronary disease and in 71 percent of patients with left main coronary equivalent lesions (both P less than 0.02 when compared with 36 percent of patients with other lesions). However, half of the 37 patients with this degree of S-T segment depression had noncritical lesions. Ischemic changes appearing in the first 3 minutes of exercise were seen in 63 percent of patients with left coronary disease and 35 percent of the patients with left main coronary disease equivalent lesions (P less than 0.001 and P less than 0.002, respectively, when compared with only 6 percent of patients with other lesions). The incidence of triple vessel disease was significantly greater in patients with critical lesions (55 percent in patients with left main coronary disease and 71 percent in those with the left main coronary equivalent lesions versus 10 percent in those with other lesions) (P less than 0.01). S-T segment depression of 2 mm or more is not a good indicator of critical coronary lesions because it has a low level of specificity. Consideration of the time of onset of ischemic changes adds to its usefulness, but it does not permit a definitive diagnosis in individual patients.
Am J Cardiol 1978 Oct
PMID:Detection of critical coronary lesions with treadmill exercise testing: fact or fiction? 69 33

3 patients with different clinical and electrocardiographic manifestations of coronary artery spasm are discussed. All 3 patients had anginal attacks at rest. In addition, 2 of these patients, who did not have significant preexisting narrowing of their coronary arteries, also had anginal pain related to exercise. During pain, 1 patient showed ST-segment elevation, the other ST-segment depression, while the third showed ST-segment depression shortly followed by ST-elevation on the electrocardiogram. At coronary angiography, spontaneous or induced spasm of one of the major coronary arteries could be demonstrated in all 3 patients. In 2 cases, sublingual nitroglycerin failed to completely relieve the spasm. This raises the question whether a residual stenosis after NTG conclusively proves a fixed organic narrowing. It is concluded that the clinical spectrum of spasm of the coronary arteries is wider than was originally reported by Prinzmetal and coworkers. Clinical and electrocardiographic manifestations are probably dependent on the site and severity of the spasm, which may cause different degrees of myocardial ischemia.
Eur J Cardiol 1978 Oct
PMID:Variant forms of angina pectoris. 71 Apr 90

The response to electrocardiographically monitored submaximal exercise stress testing has been studied in 44 patients with mitral leaflet prolapse (MLP). With exercise, ventricular premature contractions occurred in 7, ventricular tachycardia in 1, and atrial fibrillation in 1. Exercise was terminated short of target heart rate in 18 patients, because of chest pain (5), fatigue (7), ventricular arrhythmia (4), dizziness (1) or ST segment depression (1). 23 patients developed postexercise ST segment abnormalities, of whom 5 had 'ischemic' patterns and arteriographically proven coronary artery disease (CAD); among the 18 others, the ST segments were depressed and minimally downsloping in 2, slowly ascending from depressed J point in 3, horizontal for greater than or equal to 80 msec with J depression of less than 1 mm in 12, and cupped in 1. The incidence of arrhythmias provoked by submaximal exercise stress testing in patients with MLP was lower than suggested in previous reports. In all 5 cases where MLP and CAD coexisted, the classical 'ischemic' electrocardiographic response to exercise was not obscured. Even in the absence of CAD, postexercise ST segment abnormalities were common with MLP (18/39 = 46%) and differed from the progressively resolving ST segment deviation characteristic of CAD with angina. Exercise testing can safely be recommended, subject to standard contraindications, in patients with MLP and yields useful information.
Eur J Cardiol 1978 Oct
PMID:The electrocardiographic response to exercise in 44 patients with leaflet prolapse. 71 Apr 93

The therapeutic role of chronic cardiac pacing in cardiology has significantly altered for two fundamental reasons: a) on the one hand, there has been a widespread increase in the indications for cardiac stimulation, and consequently, today, approximately 50% of the patients with pacing do not suffer from advanced atrioventricular (A-V) block or syncopal attacks, but are frequently suffering from other pathological conditions: episodes of paroxysmal arrhythmia, atrial disease, depression of the habitual pacemaker by drugs or in the course of cardiomyopathy; b) on the other hand, through technological progress the life of the generator has been lengthened (lithium, plutonium), more variable frequencies within relatively high limits are available, electrodes, wiring, circuits etc. have improved. This extended use of the pacemaker, however, creates in itself a series of problems: it is now possible to envisage the characteristics of the "ideal" pacemaker, in other words, a stimulation unit endowed with resistance, modulation, self-control, innocuosness.
G Ital Cardiol 1978
PMID:[The "ideal" pacemaker (author's transl)]. 75 52

Studies were performed to determine the chronotropic effect of acetylstrophanthidin during constant infusion through cannulation of the sinus nodal artery. Ten mongrel dogs weighing 13.5 to 18 kg were studied under sodium thiamylal anesthesia. Epicardial atrial and ventricular electrograms were recorded. The sinus nodal artery was cannulated and infused for 20 minutes at a rate of 2 cc/min with a solution containing acetylstrophanthidin, 0.5 microng/cc. Mean results for the group of 10 animals were determined. There was a gradual acceleration of the atrial rate of 45 beats/min after 6 to 8 minutes of infusion. The peak atrial rate of 175 beats/min was achieved by 10 to 12 minutes. This tachycardia persisted for 2 to 4 minutes without atrioventricular block or premature beats. By 12 to 14 minutes, there was a gradual slowing of atrial rate followed by bradycardia, sinus pauses and atrial arrest. Sinus nodal arterial infusion of acetylstrophanthidin produces an initial positive chronotropic effect and, if maintained, a depression of atrial rate and, terminally, atrial arrest. The gradual time course of development and decline of the tachycardia suggests that the "paroxysmal" atrial tachycardia caused by digitalis excess is the result of enhanced pacemaker automatically rather than reentry, and thus is not truly paroxysmal.
Am J Cardiol 1977 May 04
PMID:Chronotropic effect of acetylstrophanthidin infusion into the canine sinus nodal artery. 85 29

To access left ventricular function and compare pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure in the supine and sitting positions, 20 men with angina pectoris secondary to coronary artery disease underwent hemodynamic studies at rest and during exercise in the two positions. At rest the values for cardiac index, stroke index, systolic ejection rate index and left ventricular stroke work index were lower in the sitting position; heart rate, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure were similar in the two positions. All patients experienced angina during both exercise periods. At angina during supine exercise, stroke index, systolic ejection rate index and left ventricular stroke work index did not increase significantly from the resting values. In contrast, during sitting exercise, significant increases in these variables were observed. Comparison of data during exercise revealed higher values for heart rate, mean systemic pressure, cardiac index, systolic ejection rate index, left ventricular stroke work index and rate-pressure product and lower values for mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (20 +/- 3 versus 27 +/- 3 [mean +/- standard error of the mean] mm Hg, P is less than 0.001), and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (24+/- 3 versus 31 +/- 3 mm Hg, P is less than 0.02) in the sitting position; stroke index and S-T segment depression were similar during the two exercise periods. Four patients had insignificant increases in left ventricular filling pressure during both exercise periods. Of the 16 patients with abnormal left ventricular filling pressure during supine exercise, only 10 had a similar response during exercise in the sitting position. There was a good correlation between left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure at rest and during exercise in the two postures.
Am J Cardiol 1977 May 26
PMID:Hemodynamics at rest and during supine and sitting bicycle exercise in patients with coronary artery disease. 87 Nov 6


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>