Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The inhalation of furfural, 20 mg/m3 by adult rats during 3 months for 5 h daily, 6 times a week, did not change the calcium and phosphorus level in blood serum and in bones, but depressed the activity of alkaline phosphatase in blood serum. The exposure to furfural of immature rats (6-7 weeks old) during 4 weeks caused a depression of blood serum and intestine mucosa alkaline phosphatase activity, elevation of calcium and phosphorus levels in blood serum with concomitant fall in bones, and a decrease in calcium excretion with urine.
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PMID:The influence of furfural inhalation poisoning on calcium and phosphorus metabolism in rats. 731 18

Mebendazole was administered to 7 adult Dachshunds and 2 adult Doberman Pinschers at 6-month intervals for routine parasite control. Two weeks after the 1st treatment, a 3-year-old Dachshund died of acute hepatic failure. Approximately 2 weeks following the 2nd treatment, two 5-year-old Dachshunds and one 3-year-old Dachshund had evidence of acute hepatic necrosis; 1 of these dogs died of fulminant hepatic failure. Typical clinical signs in affected dogs included anorexia, depression, vomiting, icterus, and hemorrhagic diarrhea. Two additional Dachshunds had biochemical evidence of hepatic dysfunction, ie. high serum alanine aminotransferase and serum alkaline phosphatase activities. One Dachshund and 2 Doberman Pinschers had no clinical or laboratory evidence of hepatic disease.
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PMID:Acute hepatic necrosis associated with the administration of mebendazole to dogs. 734 57

Thirteen biochemical parameters (viz. glucose, calcium, inorganic phosphorous, urea nitrogen, uric acid, cholesterol, albumin, total protein, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase) were determined in serum and partly in liver of rats 1-28 days after i.p. aflatoxin B1 (AFB) (3 mg/kg). Histological examinations of the liver were also made in parallel to the biochemical studies. In the serum, enzyme activities and total bilirubin level increased and peaked on the 2nd day, while other activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in the liver significantly decreased and reached a minimum on the 2nd day after AFB administration. The depression of the liver enzyme activities persisted over 7 days. The liver protein content also reduced transiently during 1-1.5 days. However, all biochemical parameters returned to normal levels 2 weeks after treatment, and remained so throughout the rest of experimental period. Histological changes in the liver were very similar to those reported by other.
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PMID:Sequential biochemical and histological changes in rats treated with aflatoxin B1. 742 38

Carry-over contamination from PCR products can yield persistent false-positive results leading to significant problems in the resolution of true positive results. Commercial kits used in many laboratories help prevent carry-over contamination. We present data on the effects of dUTP substitution on the hybridization properties of amplified DNA using alkaline phosphatase conjugated oligonucleotide probes. We observe a pronounced depression in hybridization signal intensity in some dUTP-substituted PCR products. The magnitude of the decreased hybridization signal intensity appears proportional to both the dUTP concentration in the amplification reaction and the fraction of thymidylate residues in the probe binding site. The hybridization signal is nearly eliminated from PCR products synthesized in the presence of dUTP only and where the probe binding site is particularly rich in thymidylate residues. The decrease in hybridization signal is not always restored with less stringent hybridization conditions. Conditions that permit efficient hybridization and detection of bound probe but do not compromise carry-over protection are discussed.
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PMID:Inhibition of DNA hybridization following partial dUTP substitution. 750 98

A previous study demonstrated that administration of phenobarbitone to male AP Wistar rats for up to 7 days caused alterations in labelling indices (LIs) in several different tissues (including a reduction of the endocrine pancreas population LI) as determined by immunohistochemical visualisation of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation into S-phase nuclei. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether treatment with phenorbarbitone influenced the replicative states of specific cohorts of the islet (of Langerhans) cell population or generated a uniform depression of LI. Quantitation of the LIs of individual islet cell cohorts was achieved by utilisation of a dual immunohistochemical staining method for BrdU and islet hormones (insulin, glucagon and somatostatin) using a sequential peroxidase anti-peroxidase (PAP)/alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) method employing diaminobenzidine and New Fuchsin chromogens, respectively. We observed reductions, increases and no change in LIs of insulin-, glucagon- and somatostatin-positive cells, respectively. We conclude that the decreased LI of the insulin-positive cohort was not countered entirely by the LI increase in the glucagon-positive cohort due to the larger size of the former. Furthermore, the effects of phenobarbitone treatment are not manifested generally in the islet cell population but in the insulin- and glucagon-positive cohorts only. The causation of these effects is unknown but is likely to be due to enhanced carbohydrate and hormone metabolism. We believe that the visualisation and quantitation of replicating cells in specific hormone-positive cohorts of the islet cell population provide opportunities for understanding the influence of xenobiotics and disease processes on pancreatic function.
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PMID:Assessment of the labelling index of cohorts of the pancreatic islet cell population in phenobarbitone-treated male rats using a double immunohistochemical technique for 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine and pancreatic hormones. 771 55

To investigate the age-related changes of mandibular bones, three osteoblastic cell lines (11-4tc, 32-3c and 84-3c cells) with a high level of alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity were isolated from the mandibular bones of mice at the three different ages (11, 32 and 84 weeks old). Growth rate, ALPase activity, mineralization ability and the expressions of mRNAs of collagen alpha (I) (CO) and osteopontine (OP) were investigated in these cell lines. The effects of beta-glycerophosphate, retinoic acid, 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 and estrogen on cellular activity were also examined. The results were as follows: 1. The doubling times of 11-4tc, 32-3c and 84-3c cells were 20, 16 and 39 hours respectively. 2. The maximum ALPase activity of 11-4tc, 32-3c and 84-3c cells in a confluent monolayer were 0.403, 0.020 and 0.035 mu moles phenol/min/mg protein respectively. 3. The mineralization ability and the growth response to estrogen were decreased with advancing age of the donor. 4. The mRNAs of CO and OP were expressed in these cells. 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 and retinoic acid increased the expression of mRNAs of OP when 11-4tc cells were cultured for 7 days and when 32-3c and 84-3c cells were cultured for 18 days. These results suggest that the aging of the donor relates with the depression of proliferation, mineralization and biological responses to estrogen, 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 and retinoic acid in osteoblastic cells in mandibular bones.
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PMID:[Basic studies on aging of mandible--age-related changes of osteoblastic cells from mouse mandible]. 775 96

A six-month-old, female German shepherd dog was presented because of depression, anorexia, vomiting, polyuria, and polydipsia of approximately 10 days' duration. The puppy was depressed, and pain could be elicited on palpation of both shoulders and hips. The most significant results of serum chemistries and hematology were hypercalcemia; increased blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and alkaline phosphatase; and leukocytosis with neutrophilia. Thoracic radiographs revealed a large thymic mass, diagnosed on histological examination as a thymic lymphoma. Radiographs of the shoulders revealed destructive bone lesions involving the proximal metaphyses of the humeri, causing slipped epiphyses. Bone lesions were found at necropsy on the proximal and distal aspects of both humeri and femurs. Bone resorption was due to local neoplastic infiltration and presumed humoral factors secreted locally and systemically by neoplastic thymic lymphocytes.
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PMID:Multiple metaphyseal involvement of a thymic lymphoma associated with hypercalcemia in a puppy. 782 Jul 70

The study described here investigates the influence of a specific alimentary Zn deficiency on the concentration of growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and insulin in the serum of force-fed rats. For this purpose 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats with an average bodyweight of 108 g were divided into 2 groups of 12 animals each. The Zn-deficient group and the control group received for 12 days a semi-synthetic casein diet with a Zn content of 1.3 and 25 ppm respectively. In order to prevent the reduced feed intake which occurs in Zn deficiency and the associated energy and protein shortage from interfering with the experimental parameters, all animals were fed 4 times daily by gastric tube. This made it possible to supply all animals with adequate-nutrients and to synchronise the feed intake exactly. After 12 days the depleted rats were in a severe state of Zn deficiency, as demonstrated by the reduction of Zn in the serum and the femur by 62% and 44% respectively and the 70% lower serum activity of alkaline phosphatase. In the Zn-deficient rats the concentration of GH in the serum was significantly increased by 78%, while IGF-1 and insulin were significantly reduced by 28% and 25% respectively. It is thought that the growth depression observed in the Zn-deficient rats in this study despite their identical feed intake is probably due to a reduced concentration of IGF-I and insulin and that the biological activity or the binding of GH to receptors is impaired in specific alimentary Zn deficiency.
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PMID:Influence of alimentary zinc deficiency on the concentration of growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and insulin in the serum of force-fed rats. 783 22

The effects of protein malnutrition on haematological and serum biochemical values were evaluated in gossypol-treated rats which were simultaneously fed with ethanol. Gossypol caused anaemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia in malnourished animals, suggesting a depression of bone marrow activity. Gossypol also caused a significant elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase activities and increases in the concentrations of Mg++ and Ca++ with reduced albumin, regardless of the nutritional status. These changes were more severe with malnutrition. Ethanol alone caused a thrombocytopenia but no other significant haematological changes. However, it appeared to cause derangement of lipid and protein metabolism as reflected in serum cholesterol and urea. The toxic effects seen in gossypol-treated rats were significantly reduced in animals simultaneously given ethanol. As the livers of gossypol-treated rats were significantly heavier than in these animals, it seems possible that ethanol consumption enhances the ability of the liver to metabolize gossypol, thereby reducing its accumulation and consequently its toxicity. However, further studies are needed to determine the mechanisms responsible.
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PMID:Haematological and serum biochemical changes in the rat due to protein malnutrition and gossypol-ethanol interactions. 788 58

Five Holstein Friesian calves varying in age from 7 to 9 weeks old, were suspected of suffering from an inherited granulocytopathy known as bovine leucocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD). Four of them were examined clinically and at necropsy. The most significant clinical findings were fever, depression, weakness, emaciation, diarrhoea, pseudomembranous gingivitis, loose teeth, respiratory infection and occult blood in the faeces. Significant clinicopathological findings were marked leucocytosis, mainly due to a neutrophilia, hypoalbuminemia, hypogammaglobulinemia, increased alpha- and beta-globulins, elevated alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity, hypoglycaemia, and decreased blood urea concentrations. The necropsy revealed emaciated carcasses, granulomatous to necrotising gingivitis, pseudomembranous to necrotising enteritis with perforations, bronchopneumonia, splenic atrophy, and hypoplasia of the thymus. Histopathological examination supported the macroscopic findings.
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PMID:[Suspected inherited granulocytopathy in four Holstein Friesian calves]. 817 99


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