Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using 24 non-selected healthy male students the effects of imipramine (single dose of 100 mg orally) and 4'-chloro-2-[3-(10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepin-5-yl)-propyl]-methylamino]-acetophenone-hydrochloride (lofepramine, Gamonil) (single dose of 140 mg orally) in comparison to placebo (doubleblind) on subjective, physiological and performance variables were examined. All subjects (Ss) received the three drugs in a completely counterbalanced sequence. On the basis of their scores on the Depression Scale of the Freiburger Personality Inventory (FPI, Fahrenberg) Ss were divided into two groups of 12 Ss each, "high depression" and "low depression" group. Two-way analyses of variance were computed. Imipramine and Lofepramine elevate scores in the mood scale, but only for the "high depression" group. For the Ss scoring lower in depression no such effect can be demonstrated. The physiological effects are similar. Reported side effects are less for lofepramine than for imipramine.
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PMID:[Experimental investigation of psychophysiological effect of a new antidepressant (lofepramine) as compared to imipramine and placebo (author's transl)]. 57 76

The treatment of depression occurring in patients undergoing chronic renal dialysis is discussed. This study was conducted on a Dialysis Unit where 10 Travenol dialyzers of the recycling single by-pass type are used to maintain a total of 22 patients. Imipramine in the usual dosage range and schedule was used when an antidepressant was indicated.
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PMID:Dialysis, depression and antidepressants. 71 86

The relationship between the antidepressive effect of imipramine and the plasma concentrations of imipramine and the active metabolite desipramine was studied in 24 patients suffering from endogenous depression. After a placebo period of 7 days, the patients received imipramine, 75 mg 3 times a day. The dose was reduced in patients with pronounced side effects. Blood samples for drug assay were drawn in the morning, 15 hr after the last drug intake. Imipramine and desipramine in plasma were assayed by quantitative in situ thin-layer chromatography. Individual variations in plasma concentration were 20- to 30-fold in both imipramine and desipramine. Severity of depression was assessed on the Hamilton Rating Scale (HRS). Eleven of 12 patients who responded satisfactorily to the treatment (HRS post-treatment score less than 8) had plasma concentration of imipramine greater than or equal to 45 mug/L, and desipramine greater than 75 mug/L, whereas the 12 patients not responding satisfactorily (post-treatment score on HRS greater than or equal to 8) all had concentrations of imipramine or desipramine or both below these limits.
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PMID:Plasma levels and antidepressive effect of imipramine. 77 49

Electroencephalographic (EEG) effects of lopramine, a new antidepressant, were investigated in rabbits with chronic electrode implants, and compared with those of imipramine and amitriptyline. All drugs were administered i.v. Lopramine (10, 20 mg/kg) induced a drowsy pattern of spontaneous EEG consisted of high voltage slow waves in the cortex and amygdala, and desynchronization of hippocampal thetha waves. Imipramine and amitriptyline (1-5 mg/kg) also elicited similar EEG changes but were much more potent than lopramine in this effect. Lopramine (10, 20 mg/kg) failed to suppress the EEG arousal responses induced by not only auditory stimulation but also electrical stimulation of the mesencephalic reticular formation, centromedian thalamus and posterior hypothalamus, whereas imipramine and amitriptyline (1 approximately 5 mg/kg) markedly inhibited these responses. The EEG arousal response induced by i.v. injection of physostigmine 0.1 mg/kg showed no change after lopramine (20 mg/kg), while the response was significantly suppressed by imipramine (2, 5 mg/kg) and amitriptyline (1, 2 mg/kg). Lopramine showed no effect on the recruiting response induced by electrical stimulation (8 Hz) of the centromedian thalamus and slightly enhanced the limbic afterdischarges elicited by either hippocampal or amygdaloid stimulation, while imipramine (2, 5 mg/kg) and amitriptyline (1--5 mg/kg) caused an initial depression followed by sustained enhancement of these afterdischarges. These results demonstrate lopramine to be an antidepressant of a new type which has no effect on the ascending reticular activating system and no central anticholinergic action.
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PMID:[Electroencephalographic effects of lopramine]. 98 63

To ascertain whether neuroleptics act on the caudate nucleus itself, the effects of these compounds as well as other centrally acting drugs were examined in relation to caudate spindle and EEG arousal responses (sciatic nerve stimulation) in gallamine-immobilized cats. Haloperidol and chlorpromazine enhanced the caudate spindle at a dose which had no effect on the EEG arousal response. On the other hand, clozapine and a higher dose of chlorpromazine enhanced the caudate spindle, but depressed the arousal response. High frequency stimulation of the sciatic nerve suppressed the caudate spindle. Pentobarbital, biperiden and diazepam, while depressing the arousal response, caused an enhancement of the caudate spindle. Imipramine at a low dose had no effect on either response, whereas at a high dose this drug enhanced the caudate spindle with concomitant depression of the arousal response. From these results, it may be concluded that the enhancing action on the caudate spindle induced by haloperidol and a low dose of chlorpromazine is due to an increase in susceptibility of the caudate nucleus itself. In addition, it is suggested that depression of the activating system is involved in an appearance of the caudate spindle.
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PMID:Effect of psychotropic drugs on caudate spindle in cats. 100 8

A clinical trial on fifty patients studied a new compound with a quadricyclic structure, Ciba 34.276-Ba or Maprotiline in any category of depression. The product was found to have notable antidepressive properties, capable to act on the melancholic depressions of the manic depressive psychosis and of involutive melancholia. The best results were noted in the neurotic and reactive depressions perhaps because a tranquilizing activity marked in the majority of the cases. The clinical tolerance was found good and the side effects which reminded of those caused by derivates of Imipramine, remained moderate while the biological tolerance was perfect. The modifications of the electroencephalogram were of two types, one of them suggesting thymoanaleptic activity, the other suggesting rather a sedative activity.
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PMID:[Clinical and electroencephalographic study of a new antidepressive agent, mono-methyl-amino-propyl-dibenzo-bicyclo-octadine hydrochloride (Ciba 34, 276 Ba)]. 122 22

The influence of Desmethylimipramin (PertofranR) on the regional uptake of 3H-leucine in different areas of rat brains has been investigated with autoradiographic methods. Male rats were injected 10 m/kg Desmethylimipramin (DMI, PertofranR) i.m. and 1 hr later 8,33 mCi 3H-leucine i.p.. 1 and 7 hrs after application 3H-leucine the animals were sacrificed. Concentrations of silvergrains of 3H-leucine activity were countered under surface illumination in varions brain areas by means of strippingfilmautoradiograms. DMI markedly depressed the concentrations of 3H-leucine-activity in all layers of the parietal cortex after 8 hrs and the depression was greater with the increase of nerv- and gliacellvolumendensity of the layers. Within 2 hrs such an influence of DMI on 3H-leucine uptake could not be found. There was a smaller decrease of 3H-leucine incorporation after DMI applications in some layers of ammon's horn, dentate gyrus and cerebellum. Some further effects of DMI and IP (Imipramine) on components concerned with protein metabolism are discussed.
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PMID:[Autoradiographic studies of the effect of desmethylimipramine (DMI, Pertofran) on the incorporation of 3H-leucine into the rat brain]. 123 14

A study was made of the influence of the antidepressants imipramine and citalopram (10 mg/kg, chronic administration, i.p.) on the depression-like condition in submissive male rats. The above condition developed under the effect of chronic emotional stress because of successive experience of defeat in social confrontations (Kudryavtseva, Bakshtanovskaya, 1988). Imipramine rather than citalopram exerted a remarkable antidepressive effect recorded by the Porsolt's test. Measurements of the content of serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline in brain structures have demonstrated changes in the serotoninergic and catecholaminergic systems in males with the depressive symptomatology in relation to intact animals. It should be mentioned that at different stages of pathological process formation, the role of certain structures and mediator systems underwent definite changes.
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PMID:[Experimental model of depression: neurochemical changes and the effects of imipramine and citalopram]. 131 31

Overdose cardiac effects of imipramine are due to fast Na channel blockade and are clinically reversed by administration of sodium lactate which induces alkalosis (about pH 7.50) and hypernatremia (about 8 mM). The mechanisms of this beneficial effect of Na lactate were explored in vitro on guinea-pig ventricular myocardium using the microelectrode technique. The time-course effects of the clinically relevant concentration of 10 microM imipramine on action potential characteristics were examined at pH 7.20 and pH 7.50. To test whether alkalinisation per se is important or whether an increase in Na concentration plays a major role in the reversal effect, preparations were exposed to increasing concentrations (1, 3, 10, 30, 100 mM) of either Na lactate, bicarbonate or chloride in the absence or in the presence of 10 microM imipramine at pH 7.50. The influence of elevating osmolality was evaluated with equivalent concentrations of sucrose. Imipramine alone significantly depressed Vmax and shortened action potential duration at all phases of repolarisation. All three high sodium solutions reversed imipramine effects. However the reversal effect was already obvious with 10 mM Na lactate and 10 mM NaHCO3 but not 10 mM NaCl. Osmolality did not reverse the imipramine-induced Vmax depression. The results suggest that at the clinically relevant 10 mM concentration, sodium lactate and bicarbonate may displace imipramine from its receptor site on the Na channel by causing alkalosis at the membrane level without profoundly affecting the driving force of the Na current, whereas at the upper concentrations, the increase in Na ion concentrations is predominantly involved in the reversal of imipramine effects.
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PMID:Sodium lactate reversal of electrophysiological effects of imipramine in guinea-pig ventricular myocardium. 132 Oct 90

[3H] Imipramine binding to platelets and plasma cortisol levels were measured in nine Israeli civilians before, during, and after repeated missile attacks. Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were similar before and during the war and decreased significantly after the war. A trend toward increase in platelet imipramine binding values was observed during the war when compared with the postwar values (19%; p = 0.056), and/or when compared with prewar values (26%; p = 0.063). However, one-way analysis of variance with repeated measures did not reveal a significant statistical difference [F (2,6) = p = 2.07; NS] among the three time points. A significant correlation was found between HARS score, but not BDI, and imipramine binding values in the prewar and postwar time points (r = 0.87; 0.71, respectively). Plasma cortisol levels did not alter significantly during the study period.
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PMID:Platelet imipramine binding and plasma cortisol levels in Israeli civilians during the Gulf War. 133 7


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