Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. Water absorption and cytoplasmic dipeptidase activities were determined in isolated rat small intestine after animals had fed on various 'elemental' diets or a standard rat diet and after a single injection of 5-fluorouracil. 2. Vivonex diets were associated with a decrease in dry weight of the small intestine and an increase in glucose and water absorption in vitro. 3. The nature of the dietary nitrogen profoundly affects the activities of intestinal peptidases. 4. Water absorption was severly depressed 3 days after 5-fluorouracil administration: the extent of depression was independent of the diet. Thus, any ameliorative effects of 'elemental' diets on 5-fluorouracil toxicity are unlikely to be mediated by direct protection of intestinal absorption.
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PMID:Effects of 'elemental' diets on absorptive and enzymic activities and on 5-fluorouracil toxicity in rat small intestine. 48 33

The purpose of the work was to specify the possibilities of the use of the enzymes of mediator metabolism: monoamine oxidase (MAO) of platelets, amine oxidase (AO) of serum and acetyl cholinesterase (ACE) of red blood cells to estimate the structure of depressions and to predict their therapeutic dynamics. 32 patients in the depressive phase of MDP were examined. There were 28 women and 4 men aged 22 to 50 years. The monopolar type was recorded in 28 patients, the bipolar one in 4 (all women). The total disease duration amounts to 0.5-17 years; depression may last from 2 months to 4 years. Depending on the type of the dominant affect the patients were distributed into 2 groups (10 persons had melancholic and 22 anxious depression). It has been shown that activity of platelet MAO and serum AO was significantly higher in anxious than in melancholic depression. An interrelationship was established between activity of these enzymes before treatment and prognosis of the treatment with tricyclic antidepressants. Activation of the enzymes during therapy was parallelled by positive clinical changes. Activity of platelet MAO turned out most significant in terms of prognosis. The data obtained are analyzed from the standpoint of regarding depression as a stressful condition, with the participation of the neurohormonal axis: the hypothalamus, pituitary, and adrenal cortex.
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PMID:[Significance of various enzymes of mediator metabolism for evaluation of depression and therapeutic prognosis]. 131 64

As many as 21 patients with endogenous depressions were examined by the "individual minute" method 3 times a day during hospital treatment with tricyclic antidepressants and neuroleptics. MDP patients had an anxious type of depressive affect, those with schizophrenia had anxious and uneasy types. In the anxious type of depressive affect, the "individual minute" was considerably shortened at the study onset; in the uneasy type, it was similar to normal. In patients with MDP, normalization of the "individual minute" was seen during reduction of depression (at r = -0.63). In schizophrenic patients, the short "individual minute" underwent little changes in the course of the clinical state improvement and depression was refractory to the treatment. The data obtained may be of importance in studying chronobiology of endogenous depressions.
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PMID:[Reproduction of the minute time interval in depression in patients with schizophrenia and manic-depressive psychosis]. 164 89

In 79 patients with endogenous depressions (66 MDP and 13 circular schizophrenic patients) which received high doses of tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline in agitated forms and melipramine++ in inhibited ones) that remained ineffective for at least one month, hemosorption (HS; 39 patients) or ECT (40 patients) were randomly applied. The overall efficiency of HS and ECT was 53.8% and 60%, respectively. The efficiency of HS was substantially higher than that of ECT in the cases with dominant obsessive-phobic symptoms in depression. The reverse relation was observed in the cases with dominant anxious-delirious symptoms. In order to determine the predictors of the efficiency of the therapies, the stepwise discriminant analysis was used and the linear discriminant function equations were derived for HS and ECT involving 11 and 8 parameters, respectively. Correlation coefficients between predicted and de-facto therapeutic effects determined in an additional test group of 20 patients were 0.63 for HS and 0.88 for ECT. This is important in terms of directing a practitioner toward one or another technique with due respect for the individual differential therapeutic prediction of its result.
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PMID:[Comparative effectiveness of detoxification hemosorption and electroconvulsive therapy in patients with endogenous depression resistant to tricyclic antidepressants]. 165 Jan 4

Dauricine (Dau) 1-30 mumol/L produced the concentration-dependent depression of APA, Vmax, MDP, and RP, and prolongations of APD90 of Purkinje fibers (PF) and epicardial ventricular muscles (VM) from both infarcted and non-infarcted zones. The ERP was lengthened only in non-ischemic PF and VM, and APD50 in non-ischemic PF, non- and ischemic VM. The prolonging effects of Dau on APD and ERP of ischemic PF were much less than those of non-ischemic ones, and its depressing effect on the Vmax of ischemic VM was markedly greater than that of non-ischemic VM. The results suggest that Dau exerts its anti-arrhythmic effect through further depressing conduction of ischemic zone.
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PMID:Effects of dauricine on transmembrane potential of ischemic and non-ischemic Purkinje fibers and ventricular muscles from infarcted canine hearts. 213 Jun 14

The hypothesis concerning a non-homogeneous disorder of the emotional sphere in schizophrenic patients has been experimentally tested. It has been demonstrated that signs of emotional depletion and depression in schizophrenic patients were predominantly expressed in deficiency of positive emotions whereas negative ones were relatively intact. Defect of positive emotions in these patients is manifested in diminution of the accuracy of assessing one's own emotions and emotiogenic situations of a positive nature and in a reduced impact of positive emotions on one's activities. In contrast to schizophrenics, emotion-related changes in patients with endogenic depressions (MDP, cyclothymia) were characterized by a predominant impairment of negative emotions. The results of the study are interpreted as signs of "deficit of positive emotions" specific of schizophrenic patients with emotional defect.
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PMID:[Comparative analysis of disorders of positive emotions in schizophrenic patients with defect traits and patients with endogenous depression]. 382 71

An experiment was conducted to examine the effect of pathogenic Escherichia coli inoculated into the yolk sac of day-old turkeys. Escherichia coli was isolated from the yolk sac of stunted poults and inoculated directly into the yolk sac of day-old birds. Poults were administered either .1 ml of uninoculated sterile Todd-Hewitt broth or .1 ml of a 10(-3) or 10(-2) dilution of a 24-hr E. coli culture containing 3.4 X 10(8) viable bacteria/ml. In addition, poults were fed either 28 or 22% protein diets from 0 to 21 days of age to form a 3 X 2 factorial arrangement. Body weight gain and feed consumption were measured weekly, and dry matter and protein retention and nitrogen-corrected metabolizable energy were measured from 7 to 10 and 17 to 20 days postinoculation. Intestinal mucosal dipeptidase and maltase activities were determined at 21 days of age. Average mortality by 7 days of age was increased from 1 to 36% from the E. coli inoculation of the yolk sac. Escherichia coli significantly depressed body weight gain and feed consumption 27 and 30, 13 and 16, and 6 and 8%, respectively, during the first, second, and third weeks of the experiment but failed to affect feed efficiency. Feeding a 28% protein diet alleviated the depression in feed consumption and body weight gain to some extent compared with a substantial depression at 22% protein. Nitrogen content and gross energy of the excreta were increased by both dilutions of E. coli for the 7 to 10-day period; this was indicative of a malabsorption of nutrients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Dietary protein and yolk sac inoculation with Escherichia coli in young turkeys. 389 12

In order to find out whether the finding of different prevalence rates for depression in rural and urban areas of India is supported by a difference in symptomatology as well, 30 rural and 42 urban hospitalized MDP-Depressed patients were compared on Hamilton Depression Scale and Schedule for Standardized Assessment of Patients with Depressive Disorders. Symptoms of guilt, loss of concentration and memory were significantly more in urban patients whereas gastrointestinal somatic symptoms were significantly higher in rural subjects. The difference is probably due to urban subjects being more sophisticated, expressive and familiar with mental disorders as compared to rural patients who being more familiar with somatic illnesses tend to somatize their psychic distress.
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PMID:Depressive disorders in the developing world. 404 56

A prospective study of the development of necrosis of the femoral head was performed in 34 patients with fractures of the femoral neck. Technetium-99m MDP images of the hip regions were obtained immediately after nailing of the hip and at four, eight and 12 months. There was a good correlation between qualitative and numeric evaluation of isotope uptake in the femoral heads. Comparison of the activity level in the femoral head on the fracture side with that in the contralateral control site showed activity ratios to vary between < 1.0 for those heads showing a general reduction in activity on conventional images to > 1.4 with a mean of 2.0 for those showing increased activity. The initial postoperative images in 2/7 undislocated fractures showed a marked depression in femoral head activity on the fracture side; 13/21 dislocated fractures showed a similar defect suggesting a significant loss of bone remodeling. Normal Tc-99m activity in the femoral head (category 2) was observed in two fracture cases imaged within 24 hours of fracture, just prior to nailing. Repeat studies within one week of fracture and nailing demonstrated a marked depression in activity (category 0). Radiographic evidence of collapse later developed in both patients. The perfusion and blood pool images were useful for identifying femoral heads with deficient circulation. This investigation has demonstrated that the nailing procedure may threaten the vascular condition of the femoral head in hip fracture, that a dead head may be radiographically normal and clinically asymptomatic, and that the metabolic condition of the femoral head may be expressed in numeric terms suitable for statistical analysis.
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PMID:Dynamics of Technetium-99m methylenediphosphonate imaging of the femoral head after hip fracture. 644 42

The influence of N-acetyl-muramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (muramyl dipeptide, MDP) on the plaque-forming cell (PFC) response of mice to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was studied. The effect of MDP depends on the relative doses of antigen and adjuvant and on the timing of adjuvant addition. For a given concentration of antigen, when SRBC and MDP were simultaneously injected in the i.v. route, MDP led to an enhancement of the response; in contrast, when antigen was injected i.p., a depression of the PFC response was observed. In vitro, the same duality of effect was obtained, for the same spleen cell concentration; addition of MDP led to a stimulation of the response when cultures were set in petri dishes and to an important decrease in the response when cultures were set up in plastic tubes. This inhibitory effect of MDP did not appear when it was added one night after the initiation of the cultures. These contrasting results confirm the adjuvant properties of MDP, but they show that under certain conditions, MDP can stimulate suppressive processes.
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PMID:Opposite effects of the synthetic adjuvant N-acetyl-muramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine on the immune response in mice depending on experimental conditions. 699 38


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