Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Heparin, aspirin with dipyridamol or 5% dextrose were administered to 266 patients admitted to the coronary unit with unstable angina. All patients were concurrently treated with isosorbide dinitrate, a beta-blocker and nifedipine. The number of patients who developed an acute myocardial infarction (IM) during the subsequent 72 hours was comparable in all three groups. However, in the heparin treated group only 3.2% patients developed Q IM, as compared with 20% patients treated with aspirin and dipyridamol (p = 0.005) and with 19% in the control group (p = 0.006). The magnitude of the IM was evaluated according to the highest serum value of creatine phosphokinase. In the heparin treated group its value was 810.5 +/- 538 i.u./l which was significantly less than in the aspirin + dipyridamol group where it was 1229 +/- 829 i.u./l (p = 0.048) and in the control group where it was 1417 +/- 919 i.u./l (p = 0.009). The authors defined the group of patients with a high risk of development of IM who had protracted anginous pain longer than 45 mins. with ST segment depression deeper than 1 mm on the ECG on admission. 55% of these patients developed an infarction in the course of the subsequent 72 hours.
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PMID:[Anticoagulantion and antiaggregation therapy in patients with unstableangina pectoris]. 221 58

Associations (p less than .001) between serum concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) were observed in physically well patients with mania (N = 100, r = .70), depression (N = 138, r = .51), chronic schizophrenia (N = 85, r = .68), and schizoaffective or atypical psychosis (N = 39, r = .52) discharged from 1978 through 1981. In contrast, there was a negligible association between these enzymes in 90 nonpsychiatric inpatient control subjects. Patients with mania (229.0 +/- 106.1 IU/l) showed significantly (t = 3.16, p less than .002, two-tailed) higher lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels than control subjects (191 +/- 41.7 IU/l) and a 14% incidence of abnormally high serum LDH levels vs. 1% among control subjects. Results were unchanged when patients taking neuroleptics were excluded. These results indicate that psychiatric illness, especially mania, induces release of LDH and SGOT, occasionally to unusually high levels. This is similar to previous reports of muscle creatine phosphokinase release in psychiatric patients. Presumably, these enzymes are released from skeletal muscle in association with agitation, with muscle tension, or with blood stasis and local tissue hypoxia consequent to hypoactivity.
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PMID:Multiple muscle enzyme release with psychiatric illness. 224 50

2,4-D, an extensively used herbicide, was intentionally ingested by a 61-year-old woman. An initial serum 2,4-D concentration of 392 mg/L was measured. The prominent clinical feature was marked central nervous system depression; primary laboratory abnormalities were extreme elevation of creatine kinase activity, and transitory elevation of AST and lactate dehydrogenase enzyme activities. Alkaline diuresis was initiated early and decreased the half-life of the drug from an initial 39.5 to 2.7h. It is concluded that alkaline diuresis to produce urine pH in the range of 7.5 to 8.5 should be considered in the management of an overdose patient with central nervous system depression and a history of 2,4-D ingestion.
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PMID:Clinical presentation and management of acute 2,4-D oral ingestion. 232 26

This study tested the hypothesis that membrane transport is the major biochemical system of the myocardium altered in furazolidone-induced cardiomyopathy (round heart disease), before the development of myocardial failure, and that metabolic enzymes and contractile proteins are less affected. Compared with controls, maximal percentage depression of activities of myocardium from furazolidone-treated birds were 40 for creatine kinase, 30 for glycolysis, 30 for glycogen, 20 for myofibrils, 20 for Krebs's cycle enzymes, 15 for fatty acid oxidation and 10 for total soluble protein. Sodium and potassium transport, antioxidant system activity, myosin, myosin isoenzyme patterns and amino acid aminotransferases were unaffected. In marked contrast, the calcium-transport ATPase activity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum had undergone a 60 per cent compensatory increase in activity. The pattern of biochemical changes observed is consistent with a role of ischaemia in the pathogenesis of round heart disease and indicates that calcium transport by the sarcoplasmic reticulum is the major biochemical system affected.
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PMID:Myocardial biochemical changes in furazolidone-induced cardiomyopathy of turkeys. 232 37

One hundred patients undergoing elective coronary artery surgery were studied to determine the incidence of pre-bypass myocardial ischaemia. Leads II, aVF and V5 of the electrocardiogram (ECG) were recorded at five-minute intervals from arrival in the anaesthetic room until onset of cardiopulmonary bypass. Thirteen patients developed sixteen episodes of significant ST depression on the ECG during the study period. Three patients were diagnosed as having postoperative myocardial infarction by ECG criteria and creatine phosphokinase-MB rise above 80 units. None of these patients had pre-bypass ST depression. Comparisons of these results with similar studies are presented.
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PMID:Pre-bypass myocardial ischaemia in patients undergoing coronary artery surgery. 233 44

The effect of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) spray on release of the isoenzyme creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) after myocardial ischemia induced by atrial pacing was evaluated in 8 patients with coronary artery disease. Atrial pacing to ischemia (ST-segment depression of greater than or equal to 1.5 mm for greater than or equal to 80 ms) resulted in elevation of CK-MB levels in plasma drawn from the coronary sinus, from 1.8 +/- 1.5 to 6.8 +/- 7.0 ng/ml (p less than 0.001) at 30 minutes after onset of ischemia. When atrial pacing was repeated at the same rate after 1 squirt of ISDN spray, 1.25 mg, the CK-MB levels were not altered despite significant ischemic ST-segment depression. It is concluded that ISDN prevents the process responsible for myocardial release of CK-MB, being either micronecroses or a reversible consequence of ischemia.
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PMID:Prevention of creatine kinase-MB release in coronary artery disease and pacing-induced myocardial ischemia by isosorbide dinitrate spray. 234 14

The present study was undertaken to elucidate the possible effects of tanshinone VI, one of the extracts from the root of Salvia, on post-hypoxic recovery of cardiac contractile force. For this purpose, rat hearts were perfused for 45 min under reoxygenated conditions following 20-min hypoxic perfusion, and changes in tissue high-energy phosphates and calcium contents, and release of ATP metabolites and creatine kinase were examined. Post-hypoxic recovery of cardiac contractile force was augmented when hearts were treated with 42 nM tanshinone VI during hypoxia. This beneficial recovery was accompanied by enhanced restoration of myocardial high-energy phosphates, depression of hypoxia- and reoxygenation-induced increase in tissue calcium content, and suppression of release of ATP metabolites such as adenosine, inosine and hypoxanthine from the perfused heart. The results suggest that tanshinone VI is beneficial for the recovery of cardiac contractility after a certain period of oxygen-deficiency, possibly through mechanisms involving improvement of myocardial energy production upon oxygen-replenishment and/or inhibition of calcium accumulation in the cardiac cell.
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PMID:Beneficial effect of tan-shen, an extract from the root of Salvia, on post-hypoxic recovery of cardiac contractile force. 239 Jan 9

Inclusion body myositis (IBM) was suspected on light microscopic grounds in 48 of 170 consecutive patients with inflammatory myopathies. One or more vacuoles containing membranous material, groups of atrophic fibres, and an autoaggressive endomysial inflammatory exudate occurred in 100, 96 and 92% of the muscle specimens. All three of these features were present in 88% of the specimens. Electron microscopy confirmed the presence of filamentous inclusions in 40 of 43 patients. The inclusions are typically near vacuoles and a minimum of three vacuolated fibres must be scrutinized to detect them with confidence. There is no electromyographic pattern that can reliably distinguish IBM from other inflammatory myopathies. The typical clinical features in the patients diagnosed by histological criteria as IBM were: insidious onset after age 50 yrs with painless, proximal lower extremity weakness; slow but relentless progression with selectively severe involvement of quadriceps, iliopsoas, tibialis anterior, biceps and triceps muscles; relatively early depression of the knee reflexes; and a normal or mildly elevated serum creatine kinase level. The male: female ratio was 3:1. Distal weakness occurred in about 50%, but only in 35% was it as great or greater than proximal weakness. Significant associated illnesses include other autoimmune disorders (15%), diabetes mellitus (20%), and diffuse peripheral neuropathy (18%). Prednisone treatment at dose levels frequently effective in polymyositis failed to prevent disease progression in those patients observed for 2 or more years. Our findings support the notion that IBM is a distinct entity in which a set of pathological features is associated with a constellation of clinical findings.
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PMID:Inclusion body myositis. Observations in 40 patients. 254 78

The effect of high dietary sulfur (S) supplementation on blood thiamine (B1) concentration, biochemical indices of liver, muscle and kidney damage and selected plasma electrolytes was studied in six sheep. Three of these sheep received an additional 230 mg thiamine/kg diet (Group 2). After approximately 2.5-3 weeks on this diet, all three sheep in the non-B1-supplemented group (Group 1) showed loss of appetite and developed mild neurological signs: depression, intermittent signs of excitation and head pressing. Increases in blood B1 concentration and plasma creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were observed during this time in all affected animals. Clinical signs lasted only for two to five days. Sheep in group 2 were clinically normal throughout the experiment, but all of these animals also had elevated blood B1 concentrations and plasma CK activity at the 3 wk sampling. Plasma magnesium concentrations of group 1 sheep were elevated at the 2.5-3 wk and 6 wk samplings but they declined significantly (p less than 0.05) to low normal levels thereafter. Magnesium concentrations of group 2 sheep were low at the beginning but progressively increased during the course of the experiment. At necropsy, brain lesions suggestive of polioencephalomalacia (PEM) were observed in all sheep but were most marked in group 1. It is speculated that PEM may be caused by a direct toxic effect of S, S metabolites or B1 antimetabolites in the brain rather than by an in vivo B1 deficiency per se.
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PMID:Sulfur-induced polioencephalomalacia in sheep: some biochemical changes. 257 73

Tissue and plasma levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were measured in rats treated chronically with doxorubicin. In addition, heart creatine phosphokinase and antioxidant defenses were examined. Male rats received doxorubicin (DXR) 2 mg/kg or vehicle weekly subcutaneously for 13 weeks and were sacrificed at 14 and 19 weeks, 1 and 6 weeks after the last dose, respectively. Histological evaluation in DXR-treated rats at 14 and 19 weeks found significant and progressive cardiac and renal lesions as compared to controls. Heart TBARS were unchanged from controls. Plasma and kidney levels of TBARS were elevated above controls at both 14 and 19 weeks. Lung levels of TBARS were significantly elevated above controls at 14 weeks. Liver levels of TBARS were elevated at 19 weeks. Heart creatine phosphokinase activity was significantly depressed from controls at both 14 and 19 weeks. Heart glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities were unchanged from controls. Heart glutathione, glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and catalase were elevated above controls at both 14 and 19 weeks. The lack of change in heart TBARS suggests that changes in TBARS in other organs may be secondary processes. The depression of creatine phosphokinase suggests that levels of adenosine triphosphate may be insufficient to sustain the myocardial function and this may partly be responsible for DXR-induced cardiac myopathy.
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PMID:Effects of chronic administration of doxorubicin on myocardial creatine phosphokinase and antioxidant defenses and levels of lipid peroxidation in tissues and plasma of rats. 259 35


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