Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Electrocardiograms (ECG) from 35 dogs with subvalvular aortic stenosis (SAS) with a left ventricular outflow tract pressure gradient (PG) of > or =50 mm Hg were retrospectively evaluated for S-T segment depression (STD, > or =0.2 mV in lead II). Pressure gradient, age, heart rate (HR), and number of ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) on a 24-hour ambulatory ECG for dogs with STD were not significantly different from those for dogs without STD. The S-T segment deviation did not correlate significantly with PG, age, HR, or VPCs. The significance of STD in the dog with SAS remains uncertain. Long-term prospective studies are needed to fully understand this observation.
 ...
PMID:The relationship of resting S-T segment depression to the severity of subvalvular aortic stenosis and the presence of ventricular premature complexes in the dog. 1473 1

The aim of this study is to evaluate the discriminative properties of the Multidimensional Quality of Life Questionnaire for HIV infection (MQoL-HIV) and to determine those factors contributing to the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of HIV-1 infected persons living in Japan. The MQoL-HIV, the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) as a generic instrument, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) as a psychological measure were administered in 375 patients as a multiple-centre study. The score distribution of the MQoL-HIV showed a unimodal distribution. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient scored more than 0.7 in seven out of 10 domains, but was low in both the physical functioning and sexual functioning domains. There was a strong correlation between the CES-D and MQoL-HIV index scores (R-0.73). Relatively high coefficient values were found between psychiatric and nervous symptoms and the index score (R=-0.60). In total, the MQoL-HIV may possess discriminative properties.
Int J STD AIDS 2004 Feb
PMID:A discriminative study of health-related quality of life assessment in HIV-1-infected persons living in Japan using the Multidimensional Quality of Life Questionnaire for persons with HIV/AIDS. 1500 73

We report clinical, radiological and virological data from nine consecutive HIV-infected patients with herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection of the central nervous system (CNS). Three patients presented with confusion, two with fever and headache, two with anxiety and depression, one with slow mentation and memory loss and one with expressive dysphasia. Five patients had previous AIDS-defining diagnoses: four of these five patients had previous cutaneous HSV infection. HSV DNA was detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in seven patients. HSV infection was diagnosed by brain biopsy (after negative PCR on CSF) in one patient and at autopsy in one patient (after negative CSF PCR and brain biopsy). Seven patients received specific anti-viral therapy; two died of unrelated causes and the other five recovered. Two patients were not treated, in one the diagnosis was made at autopsy and the other recovered spontaneously. HIV-infected patients with CNS HSV infection have a varied presentation. Diagnosis by PCR on CSF identified the majority of cases. With specific treatment the outcome was good.
Int J STD AIDS 2004 Sep
PMID:Herpes simplex virus infection of the central nervous system in human immunodeficiency virus-type 1-infected patients. 1533 67

Our objective was to determine factors associated with sexual problems in a sample of HIV-seropositive gay male clinic patients. Using a cross-sectional survey design a volunteer sample of 78 outpatient HIV-seropositive gay male service users completed a self-report questionnaire. This examined sexual problems, their perceived causes and associated factors including demographics, health status, sexual behaviour, self-justifications for sexual risk-taking and mood state (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). Fifty (69%) of 78 HIV-positive gay men reported one or more sexual problems. Erectile dysfunction (ED) was reported by 38% rising to 51% in the context of trying to use condoms. Loss of interest in sex was reported by 41% and 24% experienced delayed ejaculation. The presence of sexual problems affected condom use in that 33 (90%) of the 37 gay men who had ED associated with condom use were inconsistent condom users in insertive sex compared to 28% of those not having this type of ED (P < 0.001). The presence of ED did not reduce the frequency of anal intercourse but those with ED associated with condoms were significantly more likely to have had receptive anal sex in the past three months (62%) compared to men without ED with condoms (38%) (P = 0.05). Risk cognitions such as wanting to lose oneself in sex, leaving responsibility for condom use to the active partner and perceptions that condoms interfere with pleasure were significantly more likely to be endorsed by those who report ED with condoms. Other factors associated with sexual problems included low T-cell counts (i.e. < 200). Psychological explanations were the most frequently cited causes of sexual problems, whether alone or in interaction with HIV disease itself, and combination therapy. A high incidence of sexual problems was found amongst this sample of HIV-positive gay men. Untreated sexual dysfunctions may contribute to sexual risk-taking and therefore HIV clinics need to address both issues. Further research is required to better understand the role of psychological factors, HIV disease itself and combination therapy in the incidence and treatment of sexual problems.
Int J STD AIDS 2004 Nov
PMID:Factors associated with sexual problems in HIV-positive gay men. 1553 58

The aim of this study was to describe the needs of people living with HIV in the UK. A questionnaire addressing 17 areas of need was completed by 1821 people living with HIV in the UK. The core need indicator was a personal assessment of happiness with current state. A quarter of all respondents were happy with their current state across all needs. For each need, the following proportions were unhappy with their current state: sex, 40%; anxiety/depression, 33%; sleep, 32%; self-confidence, 32%; money, 28%; household chores and self-care, 18%; housing, 18%; appetite, eating and drinking, 17%; friendships, 17%; discrimination, 16%; mobility, 15%; dealing with health professionals, 15%; relationships, 14%; drugs and alcohol, 9%; taking treatments regularly, 5%; HIV treatment knowledge, 4%; looking after children, 2%. Although some people with HIV are coping well with minimal unmet need, the overall picture of need is dominated by personal, social and economic issues.
Int J STD AIDS 2004 Dec
PMID:The needs of people with HIV in the UK: findings from a national survey. 1560 84

The larval neuromuscular synapse of Drosophila serves as an important model for genetic and molecular analysis of synaptic development and function. Further functional characterization of this synapse, as well as adult neuromuscular synapses, will greatly enhance the impact of this model system on our understanding of synaptic transmission. Here we describe a form of short-term synaptic depression observed at larval, but not adult, neuromuscular synapses and explore the underlying mechanisms. Larval neuromuscular synapses exhibited a form of short-term depression that was strongly dependent on stimulation frequency over a narrow range of low frequencies (0.1-1 Hz). This form of synaptic depression, referred to here as low-frequency short-term depression (LF-STD), results from an activity-dependent reduction in neurotransmitter release. However, in contrast to the predictions of depletion models, the degree of depression was independent of the initial level of neurotransmitter release over a range of extracellular calcium concentrations. This conclusion was confirmed in two temperature-sensitive (TS) paralytic mutants, cacophony and shibire, which exhibit reduced neurotransmitter release resulting from conditional disruption of presynaptic calcium channels and dynamin, respectively. Higher stimulation frequencies (40 or 60 Hz) produced two components of depression that appeared to include LF-STD as well as a more conventional component of short-term depression. These findings reveal novel properties of short-term synaptic depression and suggest that complementary genetic analysis of larval and adult neuromuscular synapses will further define the in vivo mechanisms of neurotransmitter release and short-term synaptic plasticity.
 ...
PMID:Properties of short-term synaptic depression at larval neuromuscular synapses in wild-type and temperature-sensitive paralytic mutants of Drosophila. 1584 98

While considerable research has examined diminished insulin responses within peripheral tissues, comparatively little has been done to examine the effects of this metabolic disruption upon the CNS. The present study employed biochemical and electrophysiological assays of acutely prepared brain slices to determine whether neural insulin resistance is a component of the metabolic syndrome observed within the fructose-fed (FF) hamster. The tyrosine phosphorylation levels of the insulin receptor (IR) and insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) in response to insulin were significantly reduced within FF hamsters. Also, insulin-mediated phosphorylation of both residues necessary for activation of the serine-threonine kinase Akt/PKB, a key effector of insulin signaling, was markedly decreased. Elevated levels of the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, which dephosphorylates the IR and IRS-1, were also observed within the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of FF hamsters. Examination of whether a nutritionally induced compromise of neural insulin signaling altered synaptic function revealed a significant attenuation of insulin-induced long-term depression, but no effect upon either paired-pulse facilitation or electrically induced long-term potentiation. Collectively, our results demonstrate, for the first time, that nutritionally induced insulin resistance significantly affects the neural insulin signaling pathway, and suggest that brain insulin resistance may contribute to cognitive impairment.
 ...
PMID:A biochemical and functional characterization of diet-induced brain insulin resistance. 1593 73

One hundred and forty-one male patients who attended a District General Hospital's department of genitourinary medicine completed a questionnaire including demographic indices, history of sexual abuse/assault, anxiety and depression, and sexual concerns and attitudes. Of these, 52 (36.9%) reported past unwanted sexual experiences (USE). A significantly higher proportion of the USE group consisted of homosexual men than the non-USE majority. The prevalence rate for USE involving other men was 15.6%, which is comparable to previous studies. Hospital Anxiety and Depression scores were significantly greater for patients with a history of USE (t = -2.82, P = 0.006, for anxiety and t = -3.01, P = 0.003 for depression). Patients with a history of USE also scored significantly higher on a measure of sexual concerns. However, there were no significant differences between the USE and non-USE groups on two brief measures of alcohol and drug consumption. Clinicians in sexual health settings need to be sensitive to the fact that a significant proportion of male patients may have an undisclosed history of USE.
Int J STD AIDS 2005 Oct
PMID:The psychosexual and psychosocial profile of male genitourinary medicine patients with a history of sexual abuse/assault or unwanted sexual experiences. 1621 11

This study examined the relationships between illness perceptions, psychological distress and treatment-seeking delay in genital warts patients. Sixty-six genital warts patients were approached while attending a sexual health clinic. They completed a questionnaire assessing their illness perceptions, psychological distress and treatment-seeking delay. Negative perceptions of illness consequences and control and a perceived cyclical timeline were associated with increased psychological distress. Perceived illness consequences maintained significance in a multiple regression equation, which accounted for 25% variance in distress. Depression was associated with treatment-seeking delay (r = 0.28, P = 0.03). In conclusion, illness perceptions may play an important role in the experience of psychological distress in genital warts patients. The implications of these findings for the design of health-care interventions are discussed.
Int J STD AIDS 2005 Oct
PMID:The role of illness perceptions: psychological distress and treatment-seeking delay in patients with genital warts. 1621 12

The World Wide Web (WWW) poses a distinct capability to offer interventions tailored to the individual's characteristics. To fine tune the tailoring process, studies are needed to explore how Internet accessibility and usage are related to demographic, psychosocial, behavioral, and other health related characteristics. This study was based on a cross-sectional survey conducted on 2373 7th grade students of various ethnic groups in Southern California. Measures of Internet use included Internet use at school or at home, Email use, chat-room use, and Internet favoring. Logistic regressions were conducted to assess the associations between Internet uses with selected demographic, psychosocial, behavioral variables and self-reported health statuses. The proportion of students who could access the Internet at school or home was 90% and 40%, separately. Nearly all (99%) of the respondents could access the Internet either at school or at home. Higher SES and Asian ethnicity were associated with higher internet use. Among those who could access the Internet and after adjusting for the selected demographic and psychosocial variables, depression was positively related with chat-room use and using the Internet longer than 1 hour per day at home, and hostility was positively related with Internet favoring (All ORs = 1.2 for +1 STD, p < 0.05). Less parental monitoring and more unsupervised time were positively related to email use, chat-room use, and at home Internet use (ORs for +1 STD ranged from 1.2 to 2.0, all p < 0.05), but not related to at school Internet use. Substance use was positively related to email use, chat-room use, and at home Internet use (OR for "used" vs. "not used" ranged from 1.2 to 4.0, p < 0.05). Self-reported health problems were associated with higher levels of Internet use at home but lower levels of Internet use at school. More physical activity was related to more email use (OR = 1.3 for +1 STD), chat room use (OR = 1.2 for +1 STD), and at school ever Internet use (OR = 1.2 for +1 STD, all p < 0.05). Body mass index was not related to any of the Internet use-related measures. In this ethnically diverse sample of Southern California 7(th) grade students, 99% could access the Internet at school and/or at home. This suggests that the Internet is already a potential venue for large scale health communication studies. Adolescents with more psychosocial risk factors or detrimental health behaviors were more likely to use the Internet. Therefore, if used properly, Internet interventions could effectively address the high risk populations. Additional research is needed to gain a more complete understanding of the positive and negative consequences of Internet use among adolescents.
 ...
PMID:Internet accessibility and usage among urban adolescents in Southern California: implications for web-based health research. 1623 37


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>