Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fourteen patients with chronic aortic regurgitation (AR) underwent radionuclide angiography at rest and during supine exercise with ergometric controls. Ten subjects without evidence of heart disease were taken as controls. The behavior of heart rate, ST segment and R wave amplitude were analyzed at peak exercise in relationship with ejection fraction (EF) changes. Abnormal EF, (defined by an increase less than 10%, no change or decrease respect EF control), was present in 9 of 14 patients. Five of 14 patients had normal EF response to exercise defined by an increase of 10% or more than control value. Sensitivity and specificity of heart rate changes at exercise (abnormal: less than 10 beats to MET) to identify abnormal EF were 10% and 100%, respectively. The analysis of ST segment alterations at peak exercise (abnormal more than 2 mm ST depression) to the same objective showed 33% of sensitivity and 80% of specificity. Changes in R wave amplitude (abnormal: increase, no change or decrease less than 22% R wave amplitude at control) at peak exercise had 100% sensitivity and 80% of specificity to identify abnormal EF. Our results suggest that exercise test could be useful to analyze the response to left ventricular function during stress in patients with AR. Changes in R. wave amplitude at peak exercise appeared the best parameter.
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PMID:[Use of ergometry for evaluating left ventricular function in chronic aortic insufficiency]. 293 76

Luminous phenomena and anomalous physical forces have been hypothesized to be generated by focal tectonic strain fields that precede earthquakes. If these geophysical processes exist, then their spatial and temporal density should be greatest during periods of protracted, localized UFO reports; they might be used as dosimetric indicators. Contemporary epidemiological data concerning the health risks of power frequency electromagnetic fields and radon gas levels (expected correlates of certain tectonic strain fields), suggest that increased incidence (odds ratios greater 1:3) of brain tumors and leukemia should be evident within "flap" areas. In addition the frequency of variants of temporal lobe lability, psychological depression and posttraumatic stress should be significantly elevated. UFO field investigators, because they have repeated, intermittent close proximity to these fields, are considered to be a particularly high risk population for these disorders.
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PMID:Geophysical variables and behavior: LIII. Epidemiological considerations for incidence of cancer and depression in areas of frequent UFO reports. 306 8

Septicemic pasteurellosis caused by Pasteurella multocida is believed responsible for the deaths of 48 elk (Cervus elaphus) on the National Elk Refuge near Jackson, Wyoming (USA) during 1986 and 1987. Clinical signs included depression and salivation; necropsy findings included congestion and petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages in lymph nodes, diaphragm, lungs and endocardium. Pasteurella multocida was isolated from femur marrow of eight carcasses and a variety of tissues from eight others.
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PMID:Septicemic pasteurellosis in elk (Cervus elaphus) on the United States National Elk Refuge, Wyoming. 314 20

Serum amino acid (AA) levels were determined for 18 cholecystectomy patients who had preserved and immediately utilized G-I function for absorption of 3,000 kcal/day elemental diet. Ten were given 132 gm AA/day; eight were given only 66 gm AA/day. Historical controls were 27 comparable patients who had received conventional hypocaloric intravenous (IV) regimens. Unfed patients' branched chain AAs (BCAAs) + TYR were depressed initially, then rebounded by day 3 or 4. Their glucogenic AAs were still depressed after 72 hours. Complete restoration of the basal pattern required five to ten days. Fully nourished patients maintained basal levels of all AAs on day 1. Every AA rose above basal, some with statistical significance as early as day 2. Moderately fed patients had BCAA depression, but for only 24 hours. LEU, ILE, VAL, TYR, MET, ASP, LYS, and ARG had already returned to basal levels on day 2, while the remaining AAs were much less depressed than in the unfed controls. All fed patients were discharged uneventfully 24-48 hours postcholecystectomy. The positive protein balance and elevated AA levels correlate with enhanced wound healing, host sepsis resistance, and shortened hospitalization.
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PMID:Elevation of postoperative plasma amino acid concentrations by immediate full enteral nutrition. 643 8

These studies were designed to investigate the role of estrogen on progesterone production in early pregnancy in the baboon, when the contribution of the corpus luteum and placenta has not been established. Oral administration of the estrogen antagonist MER-25 at two dosage levels (15 and 30 mg/kg/day) to the pregnant baboon from days 35 to 55 after conception results in a decline in peripheral plasma levels of progesterone within a few days and persists for at least 20 days after the termination of treatment with no effect on plasma estradiol levels. The same study was done with the use of a different estrogen antagonist, trioxifene mesylate (5 mg/kg/day), and there was no effect on plasma progesterone, although a transient depression in plasma estradiol was evident. These actions may be due to an inherent estrogenicity of trioxifene. In preliminary studies an effect of these estrogen antagonists on placental size and morphology has been observed. Estrogen deprivation in early pregnancy of the baboon results in a depression in plasma progesterone and indicates a placental requirement for estrogen in progesterone product at this stage of pregnancy.
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PMID:The effect of estrogen antagonism on progesterone production in early pregnancy in the baboon (Papio cynocephalus). 682 61

In summary, myocardial ischemia is associated with the progressive depletion of HEP and the adenine nucleotide pool. Anaerobic glycolysis is essential for energy production in the severely ischemic myocyte and accounts for 80% of the HEP utilized by severely or totally ischemic myocardium. However, the rate of anaerobic glycolysis is too slow to prevent the progressive depletion of ATP. Anaerobic glycolysis stops entirely prior to the complete utilization of glycogen. Without remaining HEP stores or HEP production from anaerobic glycolysis, HEP utilization no longer can occur. This point occurs in vivo after about 40 minutes of severe ischemia and coincides with the onset of cell death. Modest depletion of ATP due to brief periods of transient ischemia may not cause cell death, but is associated with partial depletion of the adenine nucleotide pool. The slow repletion of this pool may be responsible for prolonged depression of contractile function.
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PMID:Energy metabolism in the reversible and irreversible phases of severe myocardial ischemia. 694 1

Increased protein tyrosyl phosphorylation in response to growth factors has been assumed to be solely due to activation of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs). We report that total cellular protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) activity declined in MDA-MB 468 breast carcinoma cells exposed to epidermal growth factor (EGF). The PTPase activity decreased with concentration as well as with time of EGF incubation. As EGF induces increases in intracellular Ca2+ concentrations and such changes may result in depression of PTPase activity, we treated cells with the calcium ionophore A 23187. Increases in calcium induced by the ionophore resulted in activation of cellular PTPases as indicated by increased dephosphorylation of tyrosine phosphorylated EGFR by cellular lysates. Thus, both the extracellular ligand EGF and the intracellular messenger Ca2+ were shown to modulate cellular PTPase activity in MDA-MB 468 breast carcinoma cells. However, EGF-induced decreases in PTPase activity cannot be attributed to EGF-induced increases in intracellular Ca2+ levels.
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PMID:Role of intracellular Ca2+ in the epidermal growth factor induced inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase activity in a breast cancer cell line. 768 60

Myogenic motor-evoked responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex (tcmag-MERs) may become clinically useful for the noninvasive assessment of motor pathway conduction during surgery. However, application is hindered because most anesthetic regimens result in severe depression of tcmag-MER amplitudes. As part of our systematic attempts to identify anesthetic agents and supplements suitable for use during tcmag-MER recording, we studied the effect of bolus doses of pentobarbital (1.5 mg/kg), droperidol (0.07 mg/kg), or ketamine (1 mg/kg), administered intravenously, on compound muscle action potentials to transcranial magnetic stimulation in five healthy volunteers. The doses were chosen to be comparable with doses that might be suitable for supplementation of a nitrous oxide/opioid anesthetic technique. Droperidol administration resulted in sustained amplitude depression of both tibialis and adductor pollicis tc-MERs to 30 +/- 9% and 39 +/- 14% of baseline (P < 0.01). Tcmag-MER amplitude changes after pentobarbital were variable, ranging from no change to substantial amplitude depression (to 20% of baseline) in two subjects. In contrast, ketamine administration did not result in significant amplitude depression. In three subjects, tibialis anterior amplitude increased to 150 to 220% of control values in the first 10 minutes after ketamine. Onset latency was unchanged after any drug. These data indicate that tcmag-MERs are moderately depressed after droperidol and pentobarbital but well preserved after ketamine. Ketamine may be a more suitable supplement to opioid/nitrous oxide anesthesia than droperidol or pentobarbital.
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PMID:Effects of droperidol, pentobarbital, and ketamine on myogenic transcranial magnetic motor-evoked responses in humans. 788 50

The successful generation and functional expression of a series of recombinant chimeric transporters, in which distinct functional properties of NET and DAT are exchanged, have allowed the assignment of a number of important functional properties of MPP+ and antidepressant-sensitive catecholamine transporters to specific domains within their primary structure. These studies are the first comprehensive structure-function analysis of members of the rapidly growing superfamily of Na+/Cl- carriers using chimeric transporters. This represents the first step in identifying the specific structural or regulatory determinants that differentiate NET and DAT. An appreciation of the potentially distinct sites for substrate recognition, translocation, and transport inhibition of NET and DAT may facilitate the development of more selective drugs for the treatment of stimulant addiction, human depression, and other affective disorders.
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PMID:Discrete structural domains and cell-specific expression determine functional selectivity of the dopamine and norepinephrine transporters. 878 50

We examined the hypothesis that an increase in the myocardial cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) by a phosphodiesterase III inhibitor, E-1020, may ameliorate the hemodynamic and biochemical changes in rabbit hearts after cardioplegic arrest, and that this enzyme-mediated process is temperature-sensitive. Sixty-one male Japanese white rabbits weighing 2.8 to 3.5 kg were used. Isolated hearts were prepared for modified Langendorff circulation using modified Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate solution bubbled with a 95% O2-5% CO2 gas mixture. Thirty or sixty minutes of cardioplegia at 37 degrees C, or thirty minutes of cardioplegia at 15 degrees C was followed by normothermic reperfusion for 60 minutes. E-1020, 0.1 mmol/L was added to the cardioplegic solution (Bretschneider's HTK solution). The left-ventricular function was measured with a latex balloon placed in the left-ventricular cavity. The myocardial cAMP was higher, the total myocardial calcium was lower in hearts with E-1020 than in hearts with HTK alone (p < 0.05). E-1020 at 0.1 mmol/L did increase the myocardial concentration of cAMP and the functional recovery, and prevented the increase in the myocardial total calcium. Temperature affected the myocardium to preserve myocardial concentrations of adenine nucleotide compounds and cAMP. Our results suggest that a 0.1 mmol/L E-1020 adjunct to HTK solution at 37 degrees C completely prevents left-ventricular functional depression during 30 min of cardioplegia induced with non-oxygenated HTK, but decreases its potential efficacy at 15 degrees C. The protective effects disappear if the ischemic period lasts 60 min at 37 degrees C.
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PMID:Effect of phosphodiesterase III-inhibitor (E-1020) adjunct to Bretschneider's HTK cardioplegic solution on myocardial preservation in rabbit heart. 889 57


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