Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of capsaicin, the active principle of hot pepper genus Capsicum, were studied on voltage-activated, tetrodotoxin-sensitive Na+ currents in isolated rat atrial cells using the patch clamp technique in the whole-cell configuration. 0.4 and 4 microM of capsaicin produced a significant tonic block on voltage-activated Na+ current (I(Na)) evoked by a depolarizing step to -40 mV from a holding potential of -100 mV (49 +/- 7% n = 11, P < 0.05 and 72 +/- 13% n = 4, P < 0.05 respectively). We didn't observe any use-dependent block of capsaicin in our experimental conditions. Capsaicin slowed the time decay of inactivation of I(Na), and increased the time constant of the recovery of inactivation. Capsaicin and tetrodotoxin (TTX) depressed contractility of isolated electrically driven left rat atria, being the depression of maximal velocity of force development (dF/dt(max)) with respect to control values of 19 +/- 3% at 1 microM of capsaicin and 22 +/- 2% at 1 microM of TTX. These results show an inhibitory effect of capsaicin on I(Na) in isolated atrial cells that may modify the electrical and contractile function of the rat heart.
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PMID:Voltage-activated sodium current is inhibited by capsaicin in rat atrial myocytes. 1135 46

The efficiency with which plants transport water is related to the water potential differences required to drive water fluxes from the soil to the leaf. A comparative study of two woody and three herbaceous species (Citrus sinensis L. cv. Koethen, Pyrus kawakami L., Helianthus annuus L. cv. Mammoth Russian, Capsicum frutescens L. cv. Yolo Wonder, and Sesamum indicum L. cv. Glauca) indicated contrasts in water transport efficiency. Depression of leaf water potential in response to transpiration increases was found in the woody species; the herbaceous species, however, had more efficient water transport systems and presented no measurable response of leaf water potential to transpiration changes. Different maximum transpiration rates under the same climatic conditions were observed with different species and may be accounted for by stomatal response to humidity gradients between leaf and air. Leaf diffusion resistance in sesame increased markedly as the humidity gradient was increased, while leaf resistance of sunflower responded less to humidity. Stomata appeared to respond directly to the humidity gradient because changes in leaf water potential were not detected when leaf resistance increased or decreased.
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PMID:Efficiency and regulation of water transport in some woody and herbaceous species. 1665 53

The relationship among physiological, injury, growth, and yield responses was examined in field-grown green pepper (Capsicum annuum L. ;California Wonder') subjected to two airborne environmental stresses. The primary objectives were to determine if the stresses could cause alterations in the plant responses, and to determine if any stress induced alterations in physiological or injury responses were correlated with effects on growth or yield. Responses were monitored in green pepper exposed to simulated acidic fog alone, or in combination with ambient concentrations of ozone in open-top field chambers. Both highly acidic fog and ambient ozone depressed green pepper growth and yield responses via the inhibition of photosynthesis. Applications of highly acidic fog (i.e. two exposures of pH 1.68 fog per week for 11 weeks) caused a significant depression of net photosynthesis, reduction in leaf buffering capacity, and an extensive amount of leaf injury. These alterations closely paralleled decreases in growth and yield on a percentage basis. In contrast, ambient ozone had similar impacts on net photosynthesis, growth and yield, but enhanced leaf buffering capacity, and caused no visible injury. The pollutant-specific differences in plant response are discussed with respect to whole-plant carbon metabolism and physiological compensation.
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PMID:Depression of Photosynthesis, Growth, and Yield in Field-Grown Green Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Exposed to Acidic Fog and Ambient Ozone. 1666 30