Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intravenous infusions of clomipramine and maprotiline, preceded by a five-day tranquilising regimen with a neuroleptic drug, were given to 177 patients with treatment-resistant depression. During the treatment period of 10-20 days the patients were given one infusion daily followed by both antidepressants taken orally. The neuroleptic drug was given at night, from the start of the infusion phase to the end of hospitalisation. After four weeks 66% of the endogenous depressions and 53% of the exhaustion depressions had completely regressed. In patients who failed to respond the infusion regimen can be repeated, if necessary with nomifensin (Alival) instead of clomipramine (Anafranil) and maprotiline (Ludiomil) in order to achieve the desired improvement without ECT. In addition to careful diagnosis, a prerequisite for likely success in the management of treatment-resistant depression is the combination of drug administration with adequate psychotherapeutic and physiotherapeutic measures. The infusion regimen is relatively easy to undertake, can also be used on an out-patient basis and could be the treatment of choice in the future, not only for treatment-resistant depressions but also for patients whose depressive state requires rapidly effective antidepressive measures.
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PMID:[Management of treatment-resistant depression without ECT (author's transl)]. 611 26

A double-blind, randomized trial is described which was designed to compare the clinical effect of 100 mg daily of maprotiline (Ludiomil) and of clomipramine (Anafranil) given by the intravenous route in forty hospitalized female patients with severe and resistant primary depression. Physicians' assessment of patients' progress was made following 5, 9 and 21 days of treatment. The response rates to maprotiline and clomipramine were not significantly different even if a greater number of patients responded to clomipramine. None of the demographic and clinical variables considered could be identified as factor predicting the response to maprotiline and to clomipramine, even if a trend for a preferential responsiveness to clomipramine in the older patients was observed.
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PMID:Intravenous maprotiline in severe and resistant primary depression: a double-blind comparison with clomipramine. 634 54

Maprotiline hydrochloride tablets were given to 266 patients with either a dysthymic disorder or a major depressive disorder. The mean starting dosage was 70.2 mg/day in patients younger than 60 years of age and 68.6 mg/day in those aged 60 years and over. For patients completing at least four weeks of treatment, the mean final dosage was 127.6 mg/day in younger patients and 100.0 mg/day in geriatric patients. Follow-up evaluations of response and adverse effects were made at each of the following intervals after the start of therapy: one week, two to three weeks, four to five weeks, and six weeks or more. Assessment of response was based on the physicians' evaluations of overall improvement and improvement in sleep pattern, anxiety level, mood, and drive. Eighteen patients never returned and were excluded from all assessments. The remaining patients were evaluated for observations recorded within the foregoing time intervals. A rapid onset of action was evident in the fact that 73% of evaluated patients had at least a minimal response after one week of treatment, and after six weeks 76% had achieved moderate or marked improvement in their overall condition. Patients' sleeping patterns showed the most rapid and dramatic response, with 59% of evaluated patients improved after one week and 90% after six weeks of maprotiline. Anxiety decreased in 57% of patients after one week and in 81% after six weeks. Depression was reduced in 46% of evaluated patients after one week and in 86% after six weeks. Forty-one percent of patients exhibited more drive after one week of maprotiline and 78% did so after six weeks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Multicenter evaluation of maprotiline hydrochloride for treatment of depression. 636 87

The objective of this study was to evaluate the mode of prescription and the users of antidepressant agents. It consisted of an initial phase (survey of the general population), aimed at selecting a representative sample of antidepressants users by a mail questionnaire, without asking prescribers in order to avoid the bias inherent to such an approach. Results showed a current incidence of use of 2.75 % for the 8 main antidepressants, i.e. more than one million adults in France. The distribution of antidepressants showed Prozac in first place, followed by Anafranil, and Laroxyl, then Stablon, Athymil, Survector and Ludiomil. In more than 50 % of cases, antidepressants have been taken for a year or more, continuously of intermittently. They were prescribed by a general practitioner in 60 % of cases and a psychiatrist in 30 %. A second survey phase (telephone) undertaken by psychiatrists and involving a sample of this population enabled determination of the pathophysiological profile of consumers at the time of prescription of antidepressant treatment, using a validated diagnostic tool, the MINI. Taking all drugs together, results showed that prescription was within Marketing Authorization approved indications in about 65 % of cases (existence of depression 61 %, dysthymia 3 %, OCD 1 %). This study shows that, in 23 % of cases, antidepressants are not used in patients with one of the psychiatric diseases identified by the MINI but nevertheless suffering from pathophysiological symptoms (subsyndronic syndrome). It can be concluded that, in some subjects, antidepressants are used in non-identified disorders. It must also be recognized that, with 3 % of users, the population of individuals treated by antidepressants is less than that of patients suffering, in the general population, from depression (5 to 10 % per year, according to studies).
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PMID:[Pharmaco-epidemiologic study of the use of antidepressant drugs in the general population]. 876 26

Since the rediscovery of lithium salts as a prophylactic against depression and the introduction of long-term neuroleptic drugs, Europe has experienced a stagnation in the development of new psychotropic drugs of new structure and influence radius. In the past two years, only one new antidepressant, three neuroleptic drugs and three tranquilizers with a particular activity spectrum and range of indication have been developed. The antidepressant maprotilin (Ludiomil) of the substance group of dibenzo-bicyclo-octadiene shows-contrary to the previously used antidepressants-an incentive-increasing and mood-elevating but also an anxiolytic effect, nearly no influence on the circulation, insignificant side effects and a prompt onset of effect after administration. Therefore, it may also be administered for people suffering from heart disease and old age. Its main ranges of indication are for anxious and retarded endogenous as well as involutional depressive states. In the field of neuroleptics, the trend goes to development of long-term neuroleptics and also to neuroleptic drugs with prompt efficacy. Concerning tranquilizers, one is searching for anxiolytic drugs with slight sedative effects. The chemical structure related to influence radii, the ranges of indication and the side effects of these recently developed drugs are presented.
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PMID:New psychotropic drug developments in German speaking countries. 1789 97


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