Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Under the treatment with ampicillin or oxacillin resp. hematologic changes turn up very rarely except for eosinophilia, in addition it is only granulocytes or platelets alone which are involved in the cases yet published. In the case presented here therapy by an ampicillin/Oxacillin combination induces bone marrow depression with peripheral pancytopenia on a toxic or allergic base.
 ...
PMID:[Bone marrow depression with peripheral pancytopenia under the treatment with an ampicillin/oxacillin combination (author's transl)]. 54 97

Data on prenatal, labor and delivery, and postnatal medication exposure to neonates were collected. During an 11-week period, 100 neonates consecutively admitted to a hospital were studied. The pharmacist obtained a social and medication history from the mothers and reviewed maternal anesthesia records and the charts of the neonates. Fifteen definite and possible adverse medication reactions were detected in 13 neonates. The median number of different medications ingested prenatally was 4.7. The four most commonly ingested prenatal medications were vitamins (97%), iron preparations (90%), headache/pain/arthritis medications (68%) and antinausea/vomiting medications (40%). The most commonly used medications during labor and delivery were oxytocin (73%), meperidine (33%) and promazine (25%). The use of strong narcotics during this period produced neonatal respiratory depression in some cases. The four most commonly prescribed postnatal medications were vitamin K1 (100%), gentamicin (10%), ampicillin (8%) and Poly-Vi-Sol (6%). The maternal interview indicated that most mothers were unaware of the influence that many medications can play upon the fetus. It is recommended that the pharmacist conduct a maternal medication interview prior to labor and delivery.
 ...
PMID:Neonatal medication surveillance by the pharmacist. 87 83

Ceftiofur sodium was evaluated as a therapy for respiratory infections in horses. This cephalosporin antimicrobial was administered intramuscularly every 24 h and at a dose of 2.2 mg/kg (1.0 mg/lb) of body weight. The efficacy of ceftiofur sodium was compared with that of a positive control drug, ampicillin sodium (recommended dose of 6.6 mg/kg [3 mg/lb], given every 12 h). Both treatments were continued for 48 h after clinical symptoms were no longer evident (maximum of 10 days). Fifty-five (55) horses with naturally acquired respiratory infections were included in the study; 28 were treated with ceftiofur and 27 with ampicillin. Clinical improvement was recorded for 92.9% of the patients treated with ceftiofur and 92.6% of the animals receiving ampicillin. Both therapies reduced body temperatures to an afebrile level after 2 days of treatment. Complete recovery/cure was noted for 78.6% of the ceftiofur patients and 59.3% of the horses treated with ampicillin. Supporting variables (depression/malaise, respiration/dyspnoea, nasal discharge) were assessed and these also substantiated the effectiveness of the treatments. Both antibiotics were well tolerated. Neither pain nor swelling were noted at the ceftiofur injection site(s). None of the animals developed diarrhoea. Data from this study indicated that ceftiofur sodium is an effective and safe treatment for respiratory infections in horses.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of respiratory infections in horses with ceftiofur sodium. 850 46

Female hormonal contraceptives, introduced commercially in 1959, contained 10 mg of norethynodrel and .15 mg of mestranol. The estrogen and progesterone doses were progressively reduced over time. In 1989, approximately 60 million couples used oral contraceptives (OCs) ranging from 1% in Japan to 40% in the Netherlands. The monophasic pill contains .01 - .04 mg of ethinyl estradiol (EE), and the biphasic pill contains increasing doses of progesterone and estroprogesterone in the course of the menstrual cycle. Triphasic combined pills contain an initially dominant estrogen dose. In oral sequential pills, estrogen is given on days 14-16 followed by a estroprogesterone for 5-7 days. Micropills with progesterone, injectables with medroxyprogesterone, and 3rd-generation OCs such as gestoden with a low progesterone dose of .04 mg/day and reduced androgenic activity are among other OCs. The OCs are administered in 21-22 day packets. Absolute contraindications include history of venous thrombosis, atherogenic lipid profile, hormone-dependent cancer, and allergy. Relative contraindications include arterial ailments, smoking, hypertension, older age, obesity, and familial history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents. Interactions with antibiotics (ampicillin and tetracycline) occur as the modified intestinal flora reduces the level of deconjugated EE. Most frequent side effects are depression, modification of libido, ocular disorders, headache, and urinary infection. Benefits include favorable modification of menstrual cycle, and reduction of endometriosis and endometrial and ovarian cancer. Systemic risks such as cardiovascular and blood coagulation effects occur mainly with high-dose OCs. Further topics addressed are the cancer risk and protective effect of OCs, postcoital OCs, traditional contraception, the IUD, RU-486, implants, vaccination with the human antigonadotropine, and the vaginal ring.
 ...
PMID:[Family planning with different contraceptive methods]. 182 14

Interactions with oral contraceptives (OCs) occur with drugs commonly used to treat epilepsy, tuberculosis, and depression. Most women are more likely to use antibiotics, analgesics, and antihistamines, which have also been shown to interact with OCs. The mechanisms behind these interactions may be hepatic microsomal enzyme induction or inhibition, interference with the enterohepatic circulation of steroid metabolites, interference with absorption, competition between two drugs for the same metabolizing enzyme, or induction of an opposite physiologic effect. Rifampin was the first drug reported to interfere with the efficacy of OCs. The anticonvulsants and certain antibiotics, namely ampicillin and tetracycline, also decrease the efficacy of OCs. Oral contraceptives also interfere with the metabolism of other drugs. Plasma concentrations of theophylline, diazepam, and certain other benzodiazepines are increased by OC steroids. Because OCs interact with a wide variety of prescription and over-the-counter medications, a thorough drug history should be taken in all patients taking OCs.
 ...
PMID:Oral contraceptive drug interactions: important considerations. 173 97

Thirteen-week toxicity studies in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice were conducted to determine general toxicity and target organ toxicity with amphetamine sulfate, ampicillin trihydrate, codeine, 8-methoxypsoralen, alpha-methyldopa sesquihydrate, penicillin VK, and propantheline bromide. This paper discusses the toxicity observed; use of the toxicity data to set dose levels for subsequent 2-year studies; and comparison of dose levels administered to rodents with doses used in the treatment of human disease. Drugs were administered orally in the feed or by gavage. The lowest doses in the 13-week studies were comparable to therapeutic doses in man on a mg/m2 (body surface area) basis or 5-10 times doses used in man on a mg/kg body weight basis. Little toxicity was seen at the low dose level with ampicillin, penicillin VK, 8-methoxypsoralen or propantheline bromide. At higher doses, target organ toxicity seen included the urinary bladder in male rats after propantheline bromide; the glandular stomach in rats and mice after penicillin VK; the liver and adrenals in rats after 8-methoxypsoralen; and the kidney in mice and rats after alpha-methyldopa. After amphetamine, codeine, or ampicillin administration, no target organ toxicity was seen in rats or mice, even at doses which caused body weight gain depression. The high doses chosen for subsequent 2-year studies were within 10 times human dose levels when compared on a mg/m2 body surface area.
 ...
PMID:Toxicity studies of amphetamine sulfate, ampicillin trihydrate, codeine, 8-methoxypsoralen, alpha-methyldopa, penicillin VK and propantheline bromide in rats and mice. 249 54

Certain antibiotics depress both skeletal neuromuscular transmission and intestinal neuroeffector transmission. Impaired intestinal motility may facilitate the proliferation of the bacterium Clostridium difficle and thus lead to the development of antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. Many antibiotics accumulate in the colonic lumen at concentrations several times their associated blood levels. This study examined whether certain of these could interfere with colonic muscularis mucosal movement in vitro, using tissue from opossum distal colon as a model. At concentrations approximating those in the colonic lumen, ampicillin, clindamycin, erythromycin, and lincomycin depressed tone and spontaneous contractions of the muscularis mucosae. Clindamycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, and lincomycin abolished electrically evoked contractions but only gentamicin and kanamycin could abolish the ensuing relaxation. Vancomycin potentiated the response of the muscularis mucosae to acetylcholine; erythromycin and clindamycin depressed it. Antibiotic-induced depression of colonic muscularis mucosal movement may contribute to the development of antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis.
 ...
PMID:Antibiotic depression of evoked and spontaneous responses of opossum distal colonic muscularis mucosae in vitro: a factor in antibiotic-associated colitis? 298 96

The efficacy of trimethoprim (TMP) as a single therapeutic agent in the treatment of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children was studied in 112 children prospectively comparing TMP against trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/Sulfa), sulfamethoxazole and ampicillin. Children with repeated colony counts of greater than 100,000 CFU/ml of the same organism grown in 2-3 consecutive clean catch specimens were successively assigned to each treatment group for 10 days' therapy. TMP achieved a cure rate of 100% compared to TMP/Sulfa 100% (p greater than 0.05), sulfamethoxazole 93% (p less than 0.05) and ampicillin 63% (p less than 0.01). TMP and TMP/Sulfa groups had no failures while sulfamethoxazole and ampicillin groups had 7% (p less than 0.05) and 37% (p less than 0.01), respectively. Relapses occurred in 4% of the TMP group whereas TMP/Sulfa had 7% (p greater than 0.05); sulfamethoxazole and ampicillin groups had none. TMP group had 7% recurrence compared to 6% TMP/Sulfa, 4% sulfamethoxazole and 7% ampicillin (p greater than 0.05). Gastrointestinal side effects and skin rashes were not encountered in the TMP group; depression of WBC was the lowest in this group. As a single therapeutic agent, TMP appears to be safe and efficacious for treatment of acute UTI in children.
 ...
PMID:Trimethoprim in pediatric urinary tract infection. 325 26

Twenty-one cases of "Haemophilus influenzae" meningitis occurred over a seven year period. An ampicillin-resistant strain was isolated in three (14,2%), but the percentage of ampicillin-resistant strains rose to 33% over the last two years, in meningitis and to 38% in all patients whose blood or CSF grew "Haemophilus influenzae". One case (4,7%) had severe neurologic damage, and 3 (14%) had minor damage. The estimated duration of symptoms prior to proper treatment correlated with duration of fever conscience depression, and hospital stay. Both of the patients with symptoms prior to treatment lasting over 72 hours had sequellae. Chloramphenicol should be included in the therapy of every patient suspected of having severe "Haemophilus influenzae" infection in our region.
 ...
PMID:[Haemophilus influenzae meningitis. Review of 21 cases]. 698 13

Thirteen newborn infants, 8 term and 5 preterm (gestational age 31 to 36 weeks), were treated for between 3 and 7 days with gentamicin and ampicillin or cloxacillin because of suspected bacterial infection. The dosage of gentamicin was carefully monitored by serum concentration assays. Urinary alanine aminopeptidase, urinary beta 2-microglobulin, serum urea, and serum beta 2-microglobulin were measured during and after the end of treatment to detect signs of renal toxicity. Levels of urinary aminopeptidase increased in 12 of them, indicating damage to the cells of the proximal tubuli. Changes in urinary beta 2-microglobulin followed the normal physiological course seen in neonates after birth. Serum levels of urea and beta 2-microglobulin did not indicate any drug-associated depression of glomerular filtration rate.
 ...
PMID:Renal function of neonates during gentamicin treatment. 713 65


1 2 Next >>