Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effectiveness of dantrolene sodium in controlling tetanic spasms was evaluated in 21 children (aged 4 days-13 years) with tetanus. These dantrolene-treated patients were compared with an historical control group of 26 children previously treated for tetanus by traditional means at the same institution. The groups were comparable in terms of age, other treatments, and severity of disease. All patients received standard treatments for tetanus, including sedatives, antibiotics, and tetanus-immune globulin. Patients in the dantrolene-treated group also received dantrolene, either intravenously (Dantrium Intravenous) or orally, in divided doses totalling 4-6 mg/kg/day. Mortality was 73% (neonates 83%, non-neonates 50%) in the control group, compared with 33% (neonates 50%, non-neonates 0%) in the dantrolene-treated group. Dantrolene did not cause additional respiratory depression when administered alone or in combination with other drugs routinely used to treat tetanus. In this study, the use of dantrolene with traditional conservative therapy significantly reduced mortality from tetanus.
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PMID:Efficacy of dantrolene sodium in management of tetanus in children. 372 21

Dantrolene effectively treats malignant hyperthermia (MH) hut the current form, Dantrium, must be dissolved to a 0.33 mg/mL, pH 9.5 solution. This study describes lecithin-coated microcrystal formulations of sodium dantrolene (MC-NaD) and neutral dantrolene (MC-D) which reconstitute to 200 mg/mL within 1 min. In rats, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of MC-NaD and Dantrium were similar: half-lives of 3.1 h, volume distributions of 0.54 and 0.59 L/kg, and 95% effective dose (ED95) values for depression of skeletal muscle twitch height (ED95T) of 2.6 +/- 0.7 and 2.8 +/- 0.5 mg/kg. In swine, the ED95T values for MC-NaD and Dantrium were also similar (2.8 +/- 0.4 vs 2.7 +/- 0.6 mg/kg), but MC-D and Dantrium were only similar at doses more than 2.5 mg/kg (ED95T: 3.5 +/- 0.4 vs 2.7 +/- 0.5 mg/kg). In susceptible swine, MC-NaD successfully treated five of six MH episodes and prevented MH in three of four swine. However, MC-NaD caused marked pulmonary hypertension in swine, while MC-D caused only a mild response that was eliminated by filtration. Likewise, MC-D caused no pulmonary response in dogs. These observations suggest that MC-D has potential to improve the treatment of MH.
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PMID:Intravenous lecithin-coated microcrystals of dantrolene are effective in the treatment of malignant hyperthermia: an investigation in rats, dogs, and swine. 861

The administration of intravenous dantrolene in a parturient susceptible to malignant hyperthermia has been associated with post partum uterine atony. We examined the effect of dantrolene sodium for injection (Dantrium Intravenous) on spontaneous contractility of uterine smooth muscle from women in term pregnancy in an isolated preparation. Dantrolene sodium for injection at 5 microg/ml and 10 microg/ml had no effect on the spontaneous contractility of the uterine muscle preparations. At a cumulative concentration of 20 microg/ml, a mild depression (16 +/- 14%) in the frequency of spontaneous contractions was noted. However, a similar depression in the muscle preparations treated with mannitol suggests that the depression observed with the dantrolene was likely due to the mannitol that was included in the dantrolene formulation rather than to dantrolene sodium itself. We conclude that dantrolene sodium has no effect on the spontaneous contractility of uterine smooth muscle. The depression of uterine muscle activity observed with dantrolene for injection appears attributable to the mannitol.
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PMID:Effect of dantrolene sodium on contractility of isolated human uterine muscle. 1563 10