Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A review of the clinical efficacy of four structurally distinct antidepressant drugs is presented. Their antidepressant activity can be rationalised within current pharmacological hypotheses of drug action, despite markedly different effects on "in vitro" testing. Fluoxetine, a specific serotonin re-uptake inhibitor, has proven safe, effective treatment for depressive illness and may have a role to play in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder and panic attacks. While it has few of the anticholinergic side effects of the tricyclic antidepressants, nausea, tremor, headache, weight loss, nervousness and sweating are side effects most frequently reported. Minaprine, a compound with weak MAO inhibiting properties and effects on serotonergic receptors, has clinical efficacy in the treatment of depression based on several comparative studies. It is claimed that minaprine lacks anticholinergic and sedative properties. Moclobemide, a specific, reversible inhibitor of MAO-A, has been extensively evaluated in depressive illness. The major advantage of this agent over other irreversible, non-specific MAO inhibitors, is the significant attenuation of the so-called "cheese effect" with doses of tyramine likely to be encountered in foodstuffs. Rolipram, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, represents a new approach to antidepressant treatment. Limited clinical data suggest that the drug may be an effective antidepressant with few side effects. The place of these agents in therapy is yet to be established.
 ...
PMID:New pharmacological approaches to the management of depression: from theory to clinical practice. 158 Aug 88

Minaprine [3-[(beta-morpholinoethyl)amino]-4-methyl-6-phenylpyridazine dihydrochloride] is active in most animal models of depression and exhibits in vivo a dual dopaminomimetic and serotoninomimetic activity profile. In an attempt to dissociate these two effects and to characterize the responsible structural requirements, a series of 47 diversely substituted analogues of minaprine were synthesized and tested for their potential antidepressant, serotonergic, and dopaminergic activities. The structure-activity relationships show that dopaminergic and serotonergic activities can be dissociated. Serotonergic activity appears to be correlated mainly with the substituent in the 4-position of the pyridazine ring whereas the dopaminergic activity appears to be dependent on the presence, or in the formation, of a para-hydroxylated aryl ring in the 6-position of the pyridazine ring.
 ...
PMID:3-aminopyridazine derivatives with atypical antidepressant, serotonergic, and dopaminergic activities. 256 72

Extracellular single unit recordings were made in the brain stem reticular formation (RF) of urethane-anesthetized rats. Minaprine (cumulative i.v. dose of 10 mg/kg, given as 2.5, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg) has no significant effects on the RF neurons. Pentobarbital (10 mg/kg, i.v.) and scopolamine (5 mg/kg, i.v.) reduced the firing rate of the RF neurons. Minaprine (cumulative i.v. dose of 10 mg/kg, given as 2.5, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg) reversed the effects of pentobarbital and scopolamine. These observations indicate that minaprine has an ameliorating effect on the drug-induced depression of neuronal activity in the RF.
 ...
PMID:Effect of minaprine on neuronal activity in the brain stem reticular formation of the rat. 324 20

Minaprine (3-[2-morpholino-ethlamino]-4-methyl-6-phenyl-pyridazine dihydrochloride; 30038CM; trade name in France: Cantor) is a new psychotropic drug. The therapeutic profile of minaprine differs from that of other known psychotropic agents; in man the drug antagonizes the "inhibitory syndrome" characterized by decreased spontaneous activity, reduction in basic drives, slowed thoughts, feelings of tiredness and social withdrawal. Preliminary clinical trials have indicated that minaprine may also be effective in certain depressive states. This finding prompted us to study the effects of minaprine in animal models for depression. Like most antidepressants minaprine antagonizes behavioral despair, but the effect exhibits a slow onset and maximal activity is reached 24 h after administration. Minaprine also antagonizes reserpine-induced ptosis, this effect has a rapid onset, and is long-lasting. In contrast, minaprine poorly antagonizes reserpine-induced hypothermia. Unlike most antidepressants minaprine does not potentiate yohimbine-induced lethality. Minaprine potently antagonizes prochlorperazine-induced catalepsy in rats and potentiates amphetamine-induced stereotyped behavior, suggesting that the drug may enhance dopaminergic transmission. Finally, minaprine does not antagonize either oxotremorine-induced tremors or physiostigmine-induced lethality. Taken together the results of the present study indicate that minaprine is active on certain, but not all, animal models for depression and suggest the drug may have a potential clinical utility in the treatment of human depressions.
 ...
PMID:Pharmacological evaluation of minaprine dihydrochloride, a new psychotropic drug. 689 Mar 59

This multicentre study compares the therapeutic efficacy and safety of minaprine (200 mg) to that of imipramine (50, 75, 100 mg) in the treatment of patients over 40 years suffering from dysthymic disorders as diagnosed according to DSM III. After 4-7 days on placebo, 67 patients were randomly assigned to receive either drug for a period of 6 weeks in a double-blind manner. As rated by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and evaluated by exploratory statistics, minaprine showed similar efficacy to imipramine in these patients. Minaprine was better tolerated than imipramine according to the physicians' tolerance rating (p < 0.05) and produced significantly fewer symptoms of the autonomic nervous system as compared to imipramine (p < 0.01).
 ...
PMID:Multicentric double-blind study comparing efficacy and safety of minaprine and imipramine in dysthymic disorders. 776 Sep 88

Guided by Cantor's social care model, this study identified individual, family, and social support factors that influence urban older adults' need for home- and community-based services, including medical and rehabilitation, instrumental care and support, and psychosocial services. The data were extracted from the Sample Survey on Aged Population in Urban/Rural China conducted by the China Research Center on Aging in 2006. Results from multiple logistic regression show that older adults' need for medical and rehabilitation services is significantly related to instrumental activities of daily living, depression, not having filial children, friend support networks, and having a confidant. Older adults' need for instrumental care and support is related to their educational attainment, financial strain, instrumental activities of daily living, not living with children, and friend support networks. Finally, older adults' need for psychosocial services is significantly related to educational attainment, depression, not being married, friend support networks, and having a confidant. Implications for social service development are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Perceived Need for Home- and Community-Based Services: Experiences of Urban Chinese Older Adults With Functional Impairments. 2757 22