Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Alterations in calcium transport appear to be functionally significant. Treatment with drugs that promote calcium uptake partially reverse some of the age-related deficits in calcium-dependent processes. Thus, the relevance of decreased calcium coupled receptor binding is supported by the ability of 3,4-diaminopyridine to promote acetylcholine release by forebrain slices from aged mice. This drug also reduces the age-related depression in synaptosomal calcium uptake in aged rats and mice. 3,4-Diaminopyridine also reverses the age-related deficit in calcium transport, the age-related deficits in the tight rope test, and 8 arm maze performance. 3,4-Diaminopyridine is also effective in nonexcitable tissues, such as cultured skin fibroblasts; it increases the decreased cytosolic-free calcium. Depressed cell spreading of fibroblasts can be reversed by treatment of cells with the calcium ionophore A23187 which promotes calcium influx. 4-Aminopyridine, a similarly related compound, partially reverses short-term memory deficits in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Tetrahydroaminoacridine, an aminopyridine analog with anticholinesterase properties, produces clinical improvement in behavioral deficits due to Alzheimer's disease. Only recently has the aging brain become a subject of intense study. Evidently, the neurobiology of aging needs to develop its own theories to account for the unique aspects of brain aging as well as integrate them with the peripheral changes. An exciting but unexplored area of research in the aging brain concerns the coupling between calcium and the final end product, the induction of genes. Still unknown are the molecular events that set these processes in motion. In addition, whether conditions such as dietary restriction that increase longevity in certain rodents also retard age-related changes in calcium remains to be determined.
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PMID:Changes in calcium's role as a messenger during aging in neuronal and nonneuronal cells. 148 59

Several lines of evidence have implicated acetylcholine (ACh) as one of the neurotransmitters found to be decreased in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Various methods of cholinergic augmentation have been attempted, with mixed results. Tetrahydroaminoacridine (THA), an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, is currently being investigated at the McGill Centre for Studies in Aging. Preliminary uncontrolled data from a 10-week clinical trial of THA and lecithin, reported elsewhere, suggest a clinically modest but statistically significant beneficial effect on cognition, although problems exist with side effects, particularly gastrointestinal. Since the suggestion by Janowsky in 1972 that cholinergic neurotransmission may exert an inhibitory or depressant effect on mood, the evidence accumulated in the literature has been inconclusive. We undertook to assess several potential pretreatment correlates of depressive symptoms in AD and to monitor the course of these symptoms during the 10 week treatment period, using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) of Brink and Yesavage. Pretreatment GDS scores were found to correlate with degree of overall disability and dementia as measured by the Rapid Disability Rating Scale (RDRS) and the Mini Mental State Examination (MMS), respectively. GDS scores over the treatment period did not change to a statistically significant degree. The meaning of these results is discussed, particularly with reference to the difficulty of diagnosis and measurement of depression in the setting of dementia.
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PMID:Canadian collaborative study of tetrahydroaminoacridine (THA) and lecithin treatment of Alzheimer's disease: effect on mood. 265 61

In a retrospective study, we evaluated the clinical outcome of multidisciplinary pain therapy (MPT) in a consecutive series of 40 patients with persistent unexplained pain following THA or TKA. Pain intensity, physical capability and psychological status were assessed before MPT (t1), after 3 weeks (t2) and at a mean follow-up of 32 months (t3). At t2, all scores demonstrated a significant improvement compared to the baseline value. At t3, pain intensity, physical capability, and depression levels deteriorated slightly but were still significantly better compared to baseline values. Anxiety scores deteriorated between t2 and t3 and showed no difference in the baseline value. The present study suggests that MPT has beneficial short-term and mid-term effects in this subgroup of patients and may avoid exploratory revision surgery.
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PMID:Multidisciplinary treatment in patients with persistent pain following total hip and knee arthroplasty. 2384 11

Studies conflict regarding the impact of psychiatric illnesses including depression, anxiety, dementia and schizophrenia on perioperative outcomes following total hip (THA) and knee arthroplasty (TKA). Psychiatric comorbidity incidence, in-hospital adverse events, discharge disposition, and mortality were assessed for THA or TKA patients between 1990 and 2007 using the US National Hospital Discharge Survey. A cohort representative of 8,379,490 patients was identified and analyzed using multivariable regression analysis. Diagnoses of depression, dementia and schizophrenia were associated with increased odds of adverse events (P<0.001). Schizophrenia and depression were associated with higher odds of perioperative blood transfusion (P<0.001). All psychiatric comorbidities were associated with higher odds of non-routine discharge (P<0.001). Diagnosis of dementia was associated with higher in-hospital mortality (P<0.001).
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PMID:The influence of psychiatric comorbidity on perioperative outcomes following primary total hip and knee arthroplasty; a 17-year analysis of the National Hospital Discharge Survey database. 2526 36

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a mental disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest. It affects how you feel, think and behave and can lead to a variety of emotional and physical problems. Previous investigated the MDD has primarily focused on interpreting the abnormal functional connectivity of different brain regions, rather than entire brain networks. Although recent studies have found depression-related abnormalities functional connectivity of the brain networks, it is not clear the certain brain regions or the various functional networks as a whole are involved in the emotional dysregulation of depression. Moreover, abnormal functional connectivity regions are well replicated research, however, default mode network (DMN) and executive control network (ECN) haven't received adequately examined in MDD. To address the above issues, in this paper, we adopt sparse inverse covariance estimation (SICE) approach to investigate the functional connectivity both DMN and ECN. Our experimental results show functional connectivity of ECN have significantly changed in MDD, where the anterior cingulate cortex (ACG.R) region and the thalamus region (THA.R) have shown increased functional connectivity compared with normal control, the superior frontal gyrus (SFGmed.R) region has shown decreased functional connectivity. Moreover, the precuneus lobule (PCUN.L) region and posterior cingulate cortex (PCG.L) of DMN have shown increased functional connectivity. These results may suggest that MDD is associated with large-scale functional networks, rather than the portions of brain regions. These changed functional connectivity may provide more neuroimaging biomarker for MDD diagnosis.
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PMID:Investigating executive control network and default mode network dysfunction in major depressive disorder. 3083 Nov 52