Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Anesthesia, during suspension laryngoscopy should permit the ENT surgeon to work in a field without the hindrance of an intra-tracheal tube, and with a calm larynx. After rapid review of anesthesias of brief duration, which are eliminated, several techniques of anesthesia of variable duration are discussed. Neuroleptanalgesia is nevertheless exclused owing to the environmental conditions necessary for its use. Gamma OH was reserved for patients in poor general health, and gave satisfaction. Alfatisine was used here and procured anesthesia of good quality, with minimal respiratory depression, provided a precise protocol is respected, but one cannot hope for success of suspension laryngoscopy without local anesthesia in addition.
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PMID:[Choice of anesthesia technic for suspension larygoscopy]. 1 94

Prevalence rates of various side effects were studied comparatively among 3 oral contraceptive preparations containing 50 mcg of the estrogen component. Norinyl 1/50, Ovral, and Norlestrin 1 were each randomly assigned to groups of 160 healthy women who had consented to participate in the study designed to quantitate probabilities of experiencing specific side effects and of their continuing into the subsequent cycles. Acne, breast discomfort, nausea, abdominal bloating, headache, fatigue, depression, irritability, vaginal discharge, and breakthrough bleeding were the specific side effects studied; only breakthrough bleedings showed a statistical difference in prevalence. The rate of breakthrough bleeding associated with Ovral use in the 1st 3 cycles (16.6%) was significantly (P .05) lower than that associated with using either Norinyl or Norlestrin (46% and 51.7%, respectively). Norelestrin, aside from breakthrough bleeding, was reported as generally freer of side effects than the other 2 preparations. The probabilities of side effects being experienced in the 2nd or 3rd cycle after the effect(s) was experienced in the 1st cycle showed that overall, for all 3 combination pills, the probabilities significantly decreased from the 2nd to the 3rd cycle (P .05). Also examined was the probability that a side effect would occur in the 2nd or 3rd cycle if the user had not experienced such an effect in the 1st cycle. In each instance, the probabilities are significantly lower (P .05) than the corresponding probabilities where the symptom had been experienced in a previous cycle. These data support the contention that side effects experienced on inititation of oral contraceptives should not prohibit its continuation because the majority of symptoms will disappear as the patient becomes accustomed to the hormonal preparation.
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PMID:The probability of side effects with ovral, norinyl 1/50 and norlestrin. 16 Aug 60

The interaction of the junction potentials in response to ortho- and antidromic hypogastric nerve stimulation in mouse vas deferens was studied, using an extracellular recording method. Ortho-dromic repetitive hypogastric nerve stimulation (10 Hz, 5 min) simultaneously depressed the amplitude of the junction potentials in response to both ortho- and anti-dromic hypogastric nerve stimulation (post-te-tanic depression). No time-lag in recovery from the post-tetanic depression was observed between the junction potentials recorded from two separate electrodes, indicating that the proximodistal axonal flow of available transmitter was not involved in the recovery process. Double shocks, with intervals from 10 msec to 1 sec, were applied to the hypogastric nerve. The junction potentials in response to ortho- and ortho-dromic or anti- and anti-dromic double shock were markedly facilitated. On the contrary, the junction potentials in response to ortho- and anti-dromic double shocks were not facilited. The findings indicate that facilitation of the junction potentials is produced by the impulses propagated in the same direction along the terminal axon and also that the origin of the facilitation may be at a pre-junctional site.
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PMID:Junction potentials in response to ortho- and anti-dromic stimulation of hypogastric nerve in mouse vas deferens. 115 10

A group of 25 patients (16 women, 9 men) attending an ENT department with globus sensation and 25 matched ENT controls were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory and scales for daily stressful events ('hassles'). Globus patients of both sexes were significantly more depressed than controls and had Beck scores suggestive of significant depression. Thirteen patients, but only two controls, had an independent life event within two months of disease onset, and patients had higher hassles scores than controls.
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PMID:Depression and 'hassles' in globus pharyngis. 163 7

A retrospective chart review of 50 pharmacotherapeutically resistant patients was performed after treatment with NET in 1986-1988. 28 patients suffered from schizophrenia and 22 from affective psychosis. In contrast to literature where NET as therapy of first choice has favourable results in depression in this study 60.7% of the treatment resistant acute schizophrenics responded well to NET. 3 months after discharge from hospital 9 schizophrenics (32.1%) but only 3 patients with affective psychosis (13.6%) presented a 'good' outcome (full remission). A longer duration of schizophrenia (more than 5 years since first manifestation) and a good response to neuroleptics in history was predictive for a good actual NET response (14 of 17 patients), whereas 7 of 11 patients suffering from schizophrenia less than 3 years without any period of full remission on neuroleptics were also non-responders to NET.
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PMID:[Effectiveness of neuro-electric therapy in drug resistant endogenous psychoses]. 167 54

Ortho- and antidromic responses recovered and remained robust for 5 h in slices exposed to transient hypoxia in low calcium, while responses remained depressed in slices made hypoxic in normal calcium. Elevating magnesium in addition to reducing calcium did not improve recovery compared to reducing calcium alone. Spreading depression-like hypoxic depolarization occurred earlier in low calcium than in control fluid. We conclude that loss of function was triggered by calcium uptake by neurons and not by cell swelling, and that activation of NMDA receptors probably played no part.
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PMID:Calcium, magnesium, and long-term recovery from hypoxia in hippocampal tissue slices. 186 44

A combination oral contraceptive (OC) called Cileste, containing norgestimate and 35 mcg ethinyl estradiol, was assessed in a study involving 46 gynecologists and their patients by administering a questionnaire about acceptance before treatment (first evaluation) and during the 4th cycle of its use (second evaluation). 683 subjects were enrolled: 424 patients took part in a comprehensive evaluation. 379 cases were fully analyzed. The average age was 25.4 years. 14.2 had completed mandatory schooling, 39.6% had graduated from apprentice or trade school, and 42.2% had graduated from secondary school or college. 38.8% were smokers. 13.7% had spotting; amenorrhea was rare in 10.8% and frequent in 3.4%; 22.4% had light and 14% had strong dysmenorrhea. 63.3% of participants rated Cileste very good, 23% rated it good, and 3.4% rated it middling (a low figure compared to the 10.6% middling rating of Trinovum users). 15.6% of 379 patients had strong bleeding at first evaluation vs. 4.7% at the second evaluation. 10% and 2.6% had strong dysmenorrhea, respectively. 33.7% of 377 patients had signs of depression at the first evaluation vs. 22% of 369 patients at the second assessment. Skin impurities and fatty hair associated with acne were side effects in 22.5% of 378 patients during the first evaluation and in 10.8% of 369 patients at the second evaluation. 28.2% of 638 patients at the first evaluation as compared to 15.6% of 425 patients at the second evaluation agreed that medication should be avoided in conditions of environmental pollution. The decrease was probably attributable to lack of side effects after 4 months of OC use. Women complaining of skin problems often suffered from stronger dysmenorrhea during the first phase. Strong bleeding and depression were also interrelated. Cileste also improved skin blemishes and fatty hair, thus during the second evaluation, fewer patients complained of depressive symptoms.
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PMID:[Acceptance and subjective well-being with a norgestimate combination pill]. 191 21

From August 1988-June 1989, 983 physicians participated in a phase IV trial by following 7759 women using the monophasic oral contraceptive (OC), Demulen 1/35 (1 mg ethynodiol diacetate and 35 ug ethinyl estradiol) to evaluate its efficacy and safety. The total number of cycles for the study stood at 21,440. In addition, the total woman-years stood at 1787. Only 6382 patients could be evaluated for safety. 4.4% of the patients had adverse reactions to the OC, but only 1.7% of all patients stopped taking it. The leading side effects included nausea (67 cases), headache (45), amenorrhea (42), emotional changes (30), breast pain (19), dysmenorrhea (12), and 11 cases of weight gain, abdominal/pelvic pain, and bloating. Of the 280 reported adverse reactions, only 87 (31%) were considered severe. The leading serious adverse reactions were depression (10) and hypertension (6). Only 5412 patients could be used to determine efficacy. The physicians initially reported 121 (2.2%) pregnancies during the study. The researchers learned that 33 of the 84 returned 2nd questionnaires (response rate, 70%) reported that the women conceived after enrollment but before taking the OC. 36 conceived while taking it, but 8 did not take it daily. Noncompliance may have contributed to pregnancy for the remaining 28 cases. Therefore the 36 confirmed pregnancies made for a failure rate of .7%. 85.7% of the pregnancies happened in the 1st 3 months of taking the OC. Either patient noncompliance or true medication failure accounted for treatment failure. Therefore it is important for physicians to instruct patients on how to take OCs correctly.
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PMID:Efficacy and safety of ethynodiol diacetate, 1 mg, with ethinyl estradiol, 35 micrograms, with an emphasis on contraceptive efficacy. A phase IV trial. 204 81

To assess the immune system status, the authors have measured various lymphocyte populations, whose ratio was determined in indirect immunofluorescence with Ortho or BL monoclonal antibodies, CD3, CD4, CD8, and DR-specific. The detected shifts in the immunity system permitted dividing the patients into 3 groups: Group 1 consisting of subjects with moderate immunity depression, Group 2 including those with moderate immunity stimulation, and Group 3 comprising patients with poorly manifest changes in the immunity system. The authors recommend carrying out analyses of the immunity system before and after implantation surgery, for such analyses may help predict possible complications and improve therapeutic correction thereof.
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PMID:[Changes in the immune system of patients with dental implants made of different materials]. 225 4

The diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea is frequently made by taking a meticulous history coupled with a high index of suspicion. Snoring and hypersomnolence are clinical features common to individuals with sleep apnea. Since snoring is said to be a "disease of listeners," it is not uncommon that bed partners reported an increased incidence of depression and marital displeasure. It is for this reason that the spouse or bed partner should be interviewed, since the patient may not be aware of any sleeping problems. Physicians should also be alert to complaints of excessive daytime somnolence, because studies have shown that patients with obstructive sleep apnea are at increased risk for automobile crashes. It has been estimated that approx 58,000 motor vehicle accidents involving people with sleep apnea will occur in the US each yr. By proper diagnosis and treatment, the physician is in a unique position to prevent at least some of the automobile accidents that result from falling asleep while driving. Polysomnography is the only definitive way to obtain a diagnosis of sleep apnea. This allows the physician not only to diagnosis the disorder, but also helps in the evaluation of the severity of the syndrome and selection of therapy. An ENT evaluation is also important in ruling out anatomic disorders that can cause upper airway obstruction. Certain factors, such as alcohol and sedative ingestion, may aggravate the condition in a person predisposed to sleep apnea, and subtle changes, such as unexplained hypertension, polycythemia, and cor pulmonale, should lead one to investigate the possibility of sleep apnea as the etiology.
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PMID:Diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea. 229 95


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