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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The role of renal hemodynamic alterations in the curtailment of renal functions was studied in uranyl acetate-induced oliguric (ORF) and nonoliguric (NORF) renal failures of rabbits. 5 days after drug injection, renal functional and morphological changes were most remarkable. A depression of Cin and elevation of serum creatinine concentration were more marked in ORF than in NORF. Renal blood flow was high as compared to controls. Cortical blood flow redistributed to the inner cortex. There was no significant difference in renal blood flow or cortical flow distribution between renal failure models. The findings suggest the minor roles of renal blood flow and cortical flow distribution in maintaining renal failure in these nephrotoxic models. Prominent tubular necrosis was found in ORF but not in NORF. Arterial inulin concentration during retrograde ureteral infusion of 14C-inulin solution was significantly high in ORF as compared to controls and NORF. However, this inulin leakage was too small to explain severely curtailed inulin clearance.
Nephron 1980
PMID:Renal hemodynamics in oliguric and nonoliguric acute renal failure of rabbits. 736 Mar

Micropuncture and clearance studies were performed on normal untreated and polyuric lithium chloride treated rats (10-12 days). A persistent hypernatremic state quickly developed in the polyuric lithium treated rats during hydropenia resulting from an increased urinary loss of water over sodium chloride, as the fractional excretion of sodium remained at control levels. Superficial proximal tubule and loop of Henle fluid reabsorption was depressed by 8 and 17%, respectively, in lithium-treated rats during this period. By contrast, water reabsorption in the distal tubule and collecting system was significantly increased in the lithium animals, being 27% of the filtered load compared with 20% in normal rats. These results suggest that the urinary-concentrating defect induced by lithium treatment is due primarily to a depression of proximal tubule and possibly loop of Henle function, and that water reabsorption within the distal nephron may in fact be augmented: thus it is unlikely that the action of antidiuretic hormone is significantly impaired. Marked phosphaturia and hypocalciuria were also noted in the lithium-treated rats.
Nephron 1980
PMID:Effect of lithium treatment on rat renal tubule function. Evidence against impaired antidiuretic hormone action. 739 71

The biochemistry and function of vanadate and its possible role in health as well as in disease remains one of the most fascinating stories in biology. This review has surveyed the pertinent literature regarding its effect in the normal kidney and other tissues. While inhibition of the Na(+)-K+ ATPase enzyme was the first described and perhaps the most widely studied, the element clearly has other actions. Speculation as to whether vanadate is a part of the pathogenesis of the 'uremic syndrome', acquired cystic kidney disease, depression, and bone disease should provoke the clinical investigator and the basic researcher alike to a myriad of new and intriguing experiments.
Nephron 1994
PMID:Biochemistry and pathophysiology of vanadium. 807

A renal transplant recipient who developed severe acne 6 months after transplantation is described. Maintenance immunosuppression consisted of cyclosporine A (CsA), azathioprine and prednisone. Tapering the prednisone dose to as low as 5 mg/day, in addition to topical tetracycline, Retin-A cream, and systemic antimicrobial therapy failed to control the progression of the skin lesions. Despite therapy with isotretinoin (Accutane), the lesions continued to progress with nodulocystic transformation (acne conglobata) and isotretinoin was discontinued after 4 months. However, the condition continued to worsen with the development of a systemic illness with daily fever, diaphoresis, and depression. High fever (103 degrees F) with shaking chills prompted hospitalization. Withdrawal of CsA resulted in rapid and continuous improvement of the skin lesions. After 12 months of follow-up, the lesions significantly resolved except for residual areas of scarring. No episodes of acute allograft rejection occurred. In conclusion, we suggest that CsA therapy may be associated with the development of acne. Nodulocystic transformation (acne conglobata) may occur despite the use of isotretinoin. Finally, withdrawal of CsA may lead to resolution of the skin disease and should, therefore, be considered as a therapeutic option for severe and treatment-resistant cases.
Nephron 1996
PMID:Acne: a potential side effect of cyclosporine A therapy. 873 Apr 42

A case of hypophosphatemia in a 55-year-old black female on maintenance hemodialysis is described. She developed multiple bone fractures and congestive heart failure during her 10-year period on hemodialysis. Iliac crest bone biopsy revealed osteomalacia with absent aluminium stores. Management was difficult due to her noncompliance secondary to severe depression. Though osteomalacia and cardiomyopathy due to hypophosphatemia are described in patients with end stage renal disease on dialysis, it is an uncommon entity.
Nephron 1996
PMID:Hypophosphatemia in end stage renal disease. 885 68

N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (GnT) III catalyzes the addition of N-acetylglucosamine through a beta 1-4 linkage to the mannose of the trimannosyl core, resulting in conversion of the concanavalin-A-(ConA)-reactive glycan into the ConA-nonreactive one. In this study, we measured GnT III levels in serum, tumor, and surrounding normal tissues together with a glucosaminylation index of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), which is defined as the percentage of the ConA-nonreactive species in total AFP, in a case of AFP-producing renal cell carcinoma. The glucosaminylation index was determined by affinoelectrophoresis in the presence of ConA. GnT III was measured by using a pyridylaminated asialoagalactobiantennary sugar chain as a substrate by high-performance liquid chromatography. The glucosaminylation index of serum AFP, the concentration of which was 68 ng/ml, was 60%. This value is much higher than observed in hepatocellular carcinomas. The tumor tissue level of GnT III was 55.34 pmol/mg/h which was about six fold higher (9.50 pmol/mg/h) than in normal surrounding tissues. The serum level of this enzyme before surgery was 27.65 pmol/ml/h and decreased to 5.38 pmol/ml/h thereafter in association with a depression of serum AFP from 68 to 5.4 ng/ml. Thus, an increased level of GnT III in tumor tissues could account for the elevated conversion of a biantennary complex type sugar chain of AFP into a bisecting glucosaminylated biantennary one resulting from the addition of an N-acetylglucosamine residue at the trimannosyl core. This is, to our knowledge, the first report explaining the change in the carbohydrate structure of AFP with different affinity to ConA on the enzymatic basis in a renal cell carcinoma.
Nephron 1996
PMID:Alpha-fetoprotein-producing renal cell carcinoma with increased activity of N-acetylglucosaminyl-transferase III. 889 65

The aim of this study was to assess the psychosocial effects of exercise training on hemodialysis (HD) patients. Thirty-one uremic patients, aged 50.6+/-11.6 years, on maintenance HD were studied. Twenty patients were selected at random for a 6-month exercise renal rehabilitation program (ERRP) consisting of 3 weekly sessions of exercise training. The other 11 patients were assigned to sedentary control status. A formal psychosocial assessment, which included affective (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI), quality of life (Quality of Life Index, QLI) and personality (Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, EPQ) parameters, was performed with validated questionnaires at the beginning and the end of the ERRP. After training significant improvement occurred in physical capacity (VO2max increased from 16.8+/-6.2 to 23.2+/-7.6 ml/kg/min, p < 0.05). Although the level of depression did not differ betwen the 2 groups at pretesting, the ERRP group showed a decrease in their self-report of depression (decrease in BDI score value, from 21.0+/-10.4 to 13.7+/-9.5, p < 0.05) after the training program. From the relationship between the baseline levels of BDI depression and changes in VO2max in the ERRP group it was suggested that the most severely depressed patients got the greatest beneficial effects from exercise training. Moreover, trained patients demonstrated an improvement in QLI (from 6.3+/-1.5 to 9.0+/-0.9, p < 0.05). This improvement was found to be dependent on the participation in ERRP, the effects of the training and the improvement in the depression. All the above functional and psychosocial parameters remained unchanged in the controls. The results demonstrate that ERRP is an effective emotional therapeutic method for HD patients and improves their quality of life.
Nephron 1997
PMID:Exercise renal rehabilitation program: psychosocial effects. 934 80

Depression is the most common psychopathological condition among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), yet it is still under-recognized and misdiagnosed. Depression reduces quality of life and has a negative clinical impact upon sufferers with chronic illness, including ESRD. This article discusses the negative effects of depression among the ESRD population treated with dialysis, the prevalence of the condition, the methodological issues involved with screening and treatment, and the possible psychological and somatic causes. There is a need to identify the prevalence of the disorder by effective methods, overcome the current issues surrounding depression assessment and to undertake trials of suitable treatments.
Nephron Clin Pract 2008
PMID:Depression on dialysis. 1840 Nov 93

Despite medical progress, high morbidity and mortality rates, due primarily to cardiovascular diseases, have persisted in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Recently, nontraditional risk factors, such as inflammation and malnutrition, have been emphasized in the development or progression of atherosclerosis in ESRD patients. Depression, the most common psychological problem in the ESRD population, is also known to be associated with inflammation and malnutrition, suggesting a possible link between depression with inflammation and cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between depression with cardiovascular risk factors and inflammation in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Eighty-one stable CAPD patients were enrolled. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory. Various cardiovascular risk factors and inflammatory markers were measured. Forty-three patients had depressive symptoms (53.8%). Patients with depressive symptoms showed significantly lower levels of albumin and IL-10, but higher levels of inflammatory markers than patients without depressive symptoms. Left ventricular hypertrophy was also found more frequently and pulse wave velocity and asymmetric dimethylarginine were all significantly increased in patients with depressive symptoms. Depression in CAPD patients was associated with inflammation and cardiovascular risk factors, and might be used as a predictor of cardiovascular diseases.
Nephron Clin Pract 2010
PMID:Association between depression symptoms with inflammation and cardiovascular risk factors in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. 2046 Sep 38

Depression is a prevalent burden for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and one that is under-recognized and consequently under-treated. Although several studies have explored the association between depression symptoms, treatment adherence and outcomes in Euro-American patient groups, quantitative and qualitative exploration of these issues in patients from different cultural and ethnic backgrounds has been lacking. This review discusses the methodological issues associated with measuring depression in patients of South Asian origin who have a 3- to 5-fold greater risk of developing ESRD. There is a need to advance research into the development of accurate screening practices for this patient group, with an emphasis on studies utilizing rigorous approaches to evaluating the use of both emic (culture-specific) and etic (universal or culture-general) screening instruments.
Nephron Extra 2011 Jan
PMID:Identifying depression in South asian patients with end-stage renal disease: considerations for practice. 2247 Apr


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