Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Histamine H2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs) often are administered to intensive care unit patients in an attempt to reduce gastric acidity and to prevent stress-related mucosal damage. These agents have an extremely low overall incidence and severity of adverse reactions; however, hemodynamically significant hypotension has been noted. Clinical studies with rapidly administered intravenous cimetidine in critically ill patients have demonstrated a depression in blood pressure in up to 75 percent of patients. Ranitidine, also studied in this setting, does not appear to induce similar hemodynamic changes. The newer H2RAs, famotidine and nizatidine, have not been evaluated in critically ill patients.
 ...
PMID:Hemodynamic effects of H2-receptor antagonists. 198 Jan 82

The influence of perioperative blood transfusion on postoperative depression of cell-mediated immunity (CMI) and the effect of ranitidine on transfusion-induced changes in postoperative CMI were investigated. CMI was assessed preoperatively and postoperatively by skin testing with seven common delayed-type antigens in 83 consecutive patients undergoing major elective abdominal surgery. Sixty-six of these patients were randomly divided into ranitidine or no-ranitidine-treatment groups, and the remaining 17 patients were operated on without ranitidine. Thus, 50 patients were operated on without ranitidine therapy, and whole blood transfusion was given to 24 of these patients. Postoperative skin test response was more reduced in transfused vs nontransfused patients (-57% vs -38%, p less than 0.0001). Fourteen of the 24 patients receiving blood transfusion could be exactly matched to 14 patients not receiving transfusion (age, sex, B-hemoglobin, S-albumin, type and duration of surgery, etc.), which confirmed that a more pronounced reduction in postoperative skin test response was found in transfused patients (-55% vs -31%, p less than 0.0001). Seventeen of the 33 patients treated with perioperative ranitidine, 50 mg intravenously every 6 hours for 72 hours, received perioperative blood transfusion. Eleven of these patients could be matched to 11 transfused patients not receiving perioperative ranitidine. Ranitidine prevented postoperative reduction in skin test response (+6% vs -55%, p less than 0.0001). It is concluded that perioperative transfusion with whole blood amplifies the postoperative impairment in delayed hypersensitivity and that transfusion-induced postoperative impairment in delayed hypersensitivity may be prevented by perioperative ranitidine treatment.
 ...
PMID:Ranitidine prevents postoperative transfusion-induced depression of delayed hypersensitivity. 265 77

Myofascial pain, a general descriptive term, is applied to painful sensations that extend along one or more skeletal muscles and their fascia. Trigger points, discrete hyperesthetic areas within the muscle and its fascia, are characteristically found in myofascial pain. On the other hand, myofascial pain syndrome is a painful condition characterized by the presence of trigger points, local and referred pain, tenderness, referred autonomic phenomena as well as anxiety and depression. Patients affected by myofascial pain, trigger points, or myofascial pain syndrome, represent a significant population group requesting services in the offices of general practitioners, orthopaedic surgeons, and physicians treating musculoskeletal disorders.
 ...
PMID:Myofascial pain syndrome. 259 4

The effects of ranitidine hydrochloride, a histamine H2-receptor antagonist, on development and general behavior of F1 generation of Crj: CD (SD) rats were examined. Ranitidine hydrochloride was intravenously administered once daily from day 7 to 17 of gestation at dose levels of 5, 15 and 40 mg/kg in base weight respectively. Two-thirds of females were killed on day 20 of gestation to examine the development of fetuses, the remaining females were allowed to litter naturally and the postnatal development of the offsprings was observed. Tachypnea, prone position and transient tremor were observed for approximately 15 from 30 seconds directly after an intravenous administration of ranitidine hydrochloride in the dose of 40 mg/kg, which were probably induced by a rapid fall in blood pressure. During the gestation period, there occurred a slight depression of the maternal body weight gain in the ranitidine-treated groups. At the stage of lactation, the body weights of dams showed slightly lower levels than control and their liver weights of dams were also inclined to decrease in 15 and 40 mg/kg groups. In the observation of the fetuses, there were no significant differences between the control and ranitidine-treated groups concerning fetal growth and development, external, skeletal and internal anomalies in fetuses. In delivery and postpartum observation, no influence of ranitidine administration was observed on the litter size, mortality rate of F1 pups. There was a tendency towards decrease in body weight in males of the ranitidine-treated groups. But no significant changes were observed in general behavior, postnatal development, various functions such as reflex response, learning and reproductive performances of F1 generation. Therefore, it was concluded that ranitidine hydrochloride had no effects on fetal and postnatal development, general behavior and various functions of F1 generation at the dose of 40 mg/kg/day or less.
 ...
PMID:[Effects of intravenous administration of ranitidine hydrochloride to the pregnant rat in organogenesis period]. 609 57

Chronic toxicity of ranitidine hydrochloride, a new histamine H2-receptor antagonist, was studied using Sprague Dawley rats. Ranitidine was administered orally at dose levels of 30, 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg/day for 26 or 53 weeks. In the 1000 mg/kg/day group, ten of 31 females died showing acute toxic signs. In the survived animals of this dose group, changes were observed, such as salivation, depression of body weight gain, increase in water consumption, increase in urinary Na and K excretion, increase in serum albumin content, increase in weights of the liver, kidneys and heart. Main histopathological findings were as follows: centrolobular or midzonal fat deposition in liver, increase in s-ER in hepatocytes, increase in foamy cells in lung and some slight degenerative changes occasionally seen in renal tubules. In the 300 mg/kg/day group, the changes similar to those in the 1000 mg/kg/day group were observed, however, the degree of these changes was more moderate. All of the above-mentioned findings were demonstrated to be reversible in recovery period for 8 weeks. In the 100 and 30 mg/kg/day groups, no remarkable changes were observed in both sexes. It was concluded that the maximum nontoxic dose of ranitidine hydrochloride was 100 mg/kg/day in male and female rats.
 ...
PMID:[Chronic toxicity study of ranitidine hydrochloride orally administered in rats]. 613 44

The new H2-antagonist mifentidine (compound marked DA 4577) was tested for its inhibitory effect on the relaxation induced by histamine on the rat uterus and was compared with the well known H2-blocker ranitidine. Mifentidine was shown to be more effective than ranitidine (about 10 times). However whereas ranitidine behaved as a "classical" competitive antagonist, mifentidine at concentrations of 10(-7) M, caused a remarkable depression of the maximum response to histamine. This "unsurmountable" antagonism may connected with a tight binding of the compound to the receptor with a consequent low degree of dissociation. Ranitidine, but not mifentidine, at concentrations of 10(-5) M was able to potentiate the stimulatory effect of acetylcholine thus confirming also in the uterus its cholinergic-like effects so far observed mainly in the gastrointestinal tract.
 ...
PMID:Action of mifentidine and ranitidine on the isolated rat uterus. 615 74

The effects of cold and restraint and of some of the antiulcer drugs on adenosine nucleotide content in the gastric glandular mucosa were examined. A bioluminescence technique was used to measure the amount of ATP and its metabolites in gastric mucosal tissue. Cold-restraint produced gastric lesions and increased the gastric mucosal ATP. Verapamil pretreatment attenuated these lesions and further intensified the ATP increase in a dose-related manner. The ATP/ADP ratio and the Atkinson index were also elevated. Calcium gluconate produced similar effects. Atropine or EGTA pretreatment protected or worsened the gastric lesion, respectively, but did not have any influence on the changes in mucosal energy metabolism. Ranitidine pretreatment lessened the lesion formation but had no influence on the nucleotide content. These findings indicate that the metabolic rate of the gastric mucosa is suppressed during cold-restraint conditions; this depression is probably due to hypothermia and reduction of mucosal metabolism. The lesion-protecting mechanisms of the drugs do not seem to be mediated through their effects on mucosal energy metabolism. The oxygen- and ATP-sparing effects of verapamil may contribute partly to its gastro-protective effect.
 ...
PMID:Role of gastric glandular mucosal energy metabolism in cold-restraint gastric lesion formation. 818 16

The effect of ranitidine on gallamine-induced depression of twitch tension was evaluated in urethane-anaesthetized and mechanically ventilated male Sprague-Dawley rats. Gallamine was administered as an intravenous (IV) bolus and constant rate infusion in 15 rats to maintain 89 +/- 7% (SE) depression of twitch tension induced by electrical stimulation of a sciatic nerve. Ranitidine, IV at either 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, or 10 mg/kg, was then administered into groups of three rats. Ranitidine produced an immediate dose- and serum concentration-dependent reversal (antagonism) of the twitch tension depression induced with gallamine. The reversal was observed within approximately 30 s and was maintained for 3-26 (12 +/- 2) min. The dose of ranitidine that produced 50% reversal was 2.9 +/- 0.1 mg/kg, and this reversal was associated with a ranitidine serum concentration of 5.2 +/- 0.3 micrograms/mL. Ranitidine administered alone (and without gallamine) did not alter twitch tension at either 2.5 or 20 mg/kg. In addition, ranitidine did not alter either the gallamine neuromuscular blocking concentration in serum or the serum clearance of gallamine. Ranitidine reverses the neuromuscular action of gallamine, and this effect of ranitidine is not due to a pharmacokinetic interaction between ranitidine and gallamine.
 ...
PMID:Ranitidine reverses gallamine paralysis in rats. 845 79

Trigger-point injection therapy is a common procedure in primary care medicine and emergency medicine and is generally considered safe. A 28-year-old woman experienced respiratory depression and hemiplegia after the injection of a superficial trapezius trigger point. The patient required emergency tracheal intubation for ventilatory support. Computed tomography of her head revealed pneumocephalus. She recovered fully over the course of 24 hours. Intrathecal injection during a trigger-point injection is a previously unreported complication of trigger-point injection therapy.
 ...
PMID:Intrathecal injection: unusual complication of trigger-point injection therapy. 977 38

A study of 80 patients after the surgery for compressive lumbosacral radiculopathy revealed that myogenic trigger zones and skin zones of hyperalgesia in lumbar and low extremities on the side of radicular compression and the contralateral side were formed before the surgery. Trigger zones remained in the latent state after the surgery in 33 patients who had no anxiety and depressive symptoms before the operation. These zones were treated with exercises (a fitness program). Symptoms of anxiety and depression that predict the relapse of pain in the post-surgery period were noted in 47 patients. The relapse of pain followed the <<blazed way>> in these patients but it was caused by the pain conditioned by trigger zones formed before the surgery in the insufficiency of the antinociceptive system. Moreover, an iatrogenic zone emerged in the post-surgery scar. Treatment of this group of patients should include antidepressants (velaxin), local anesthetics (novocaine, plasters with 5% lidocaine gel) and later - a fitness program.
 ...
PMID:[Failed back syndrome in patients after the surgery for compressive lumbosacral radiculopathy]. 2003 52


1 2 Next >>