Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO-I) have been useful in the treatment of both psychiatric and neurological disorders over centuries. Here we focus on the development of this drug treatment. Focus is given on the use of irreversible MAO-I's as well as on reversible ones. Benefit and side effects are reported for Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's dementia, depression syndrome and panic disorders. The preclinical and clinical effects of selegiline with regard to neuroprotection are highlightened and the conclusion is drawn that there is good evidence for a clinical neuroprotective capacity based on the assumption that the 50 percent recovery of MAO-B is obtained already after a 10 days withdrawal of selegiline. There is also a focus on selegilines metabolism to amphetamine and metamphetamine. In order to avoid any such effects of metabolic compounds on the cardiovascular system Zydis Selegiline, a melt-tablet avoid of major metabolism to amphetamine and metamphetamine is described in detail. Developments in MAO-I research are discussed in detail as there are moclobemide, lacabemide, rasagiline. Interactions of MAO-I' with tricyclics and serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors (SSRI's) are described as there is mentioning of interactions of MAO-I's with other compounds in general. Tables and figures report on clinical studies and on pharmacological properties of MAO-I's.
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PMID:Clinical applications of MAO-inhibitors. 1527 66

Many patients fail to achieve an adequate response to antidepressant medication. Growing evidence suggests that atypical antipsychotics may augment antidepressant effects, resulting in a greater potential for response. Atypical antipsychotics possess pharmacological actions that are associated with antidepressant properties, including serotonin 5-HT(2) receptor antagonist and 5-HT(1A) and dopamine receptor partial agonist activity. In fact, the term 'atypical antipsychotic' is an unfortunate remnant of the early indication of these drugs in the treatment of schizophrenia. Soon after their introduction, the usefulness of atypical antipsychotics in bipolar disorder was firmly established and their use in the treatment of mood disorders has far outpaced their use in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Aripiprazole has become the first agent to receive US FDA approval for the adjunctive treatment of unipolar depression. Most recently, Symbyax, a fluoxetine/olanzapine combination, received FDA approval for the acute treatment of treatment-resistant depression. This is the first medication to be FDA approved for this indication. In the present article, the usefulness of antipsychotics in the treatment of resistant unipolar depression is reviewed.
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PMID:Utility of atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of resistant unipolar depression. 1945 99

Olanzapine/fluoxetine (Symbyax) is an oral, once-daily, fixed-dose combination of the atypical antipsychotic olanzapine and the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluoxetine. It is indicated, in adult patients, for the acute treatment of depressive episodes associated with bipolar I disorder and treatment-resistant major depressive disorder. In adult patients with treatment-resistant depression (major depressive disorder in adults who do not respond to two separate trials of different antidepressants of adequate dose and duration in the current episode), olanzapine plus fluoxetine combination therapy was generally more effective than either drug as monotherapy based on an integrated analysis of clinical trials of 8-12 weeks' duration. More limited data also indicate that longer-term treatment for 76 weeks with olanzapine plus fluoxetine was efficacious in this patient group. Combination therapy was generally well tolerated, with a tolerability profile similar to that of olanzapine monotherapy, although fluoxetine monotherapy was generally better tolerated than olanzapine plus fluoxetine. The combination of olanzapine plus fluoxetine, as a fixed-dose formulation, offers a useful treatment option in this difficult-to-treat patient group.
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PMID:Olanzapine/fluoxetine: a review of its use in patients with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder. 2015 98