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 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Turning points have been known to reverse the downward spiral of alcoholism and its concomitant associations with divorce, depression, and work-related difficulties. In this study, the authors present the stories of 3 women from the Mills Longitudinal Study who were alcoholic. Using a narrative approach, the authors tracked the women's developmental gains during recovery using Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, specifically focusing on the tasks of identity, intimacy, and generativity. Results show that despite similar personal problems and turning points that moved them to stop drinking, each woman followed a different path to self-reconstruction and psychological growth. These accounts offer important information about individual differences in recovery from alcoholism, which are often lost in larger aggregate accounts of personal change.
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PMID:The challenge of adversity: three narratives of alcohol dependence, recovery, and adult development. 1155 93

Melatonin is a neurohormone naturally found in humans. Melatonin plays a role in maintaining sleep-wake rhythms; supplementation may help to regulate sleep disturbance that occur with jet lag, rotating shift-work and depression. Preliminary study of melatonin has shown potential for use in the treatment of epilepsy, tinnitus, migraine and neurodegenerative diseases. The latest publication in the Journal of Pineal Research by Edward Mills and colleagues has shown a compelling role of melatonin for the treatment of cancer. Melatonin's consistent relationship with cancer has been shown in many studies assessing links between shift work and cancer rates. High levels of melatonin have been linked to slower cancer progression. How melatonin affects cancer remains largely unclear. Although previous studies suggest different possible mechanisms, many of them are far distant from the primary physiological role of melatonin as a neurohormone. Conflicting studies are found on the role of melatonin in neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. In this article, we try to build and substantiate a neurobiological concept for the anticancer effects of melatonin.
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PMID:Neurobiological effects of melatonin as related to cancer. 1809 Jan 23

Sixteen multiparous Holstein cows (127+/-52 d in milk) were used in 4 replicated 4 x 4 Latin squares with 4-wk periods to evaluate interactions of dietary inclusion of a fermentation product of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC; XPC, Diamond V Mills, Cedar Rapids, IA) and dried distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) on production of milk and milk components when fed diets containing approximately 30% dietary neutral detergent fiber with calculated forage neutral detergent fiber of 19.3% of diet dry matter (DM). Treatments were a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement with SC included at 0 or 14 g/d and DDGS at 0 or 20% of diet DM. Diets consisted of 27% corn silage, 18% alfalfa hay, and 55% concentrate mix on a DM basis. Diets not containing DDGS included additional corn, soybean meal, expeller soybean meal, soyhulls, and rumen inert fat to remain isocaloric and isonitrogenous with DDGS diets. Dry matter intake (26.0 kg/d) was similar for all diets. Milk production increased with the addition of SC to diets (43.6 vs. 42.0 kg/d for diets without SC) and decreased for cows fed diets containing DDGS (42.0 kg/d vs. 43.6 kg/d for diets not containing DDGS). Milk fat percentage (3.05 vs. 3.22% for DDGS and non-DDGS diets, respectively) and yield (1.27 vs. 1.41 kg/d) were decreased by the addition of DDGS but were not affected by the addition of SC. Concentrations of long-chain, polyunsaturated, trans-, and conjugated fatty acids in milk of cows fed DDGS were increased, but milk fatty acid profiles were not affected by SC. Milk true protein concentrations were similar for all diets; however, the addition of SC increased yield of true protein (1.32 vs. 1.27 kg/d). Concentrations of milk urea nitrogen increased when SC was included in the diet with DDGS. The DDGS decreased yields of energy-corrected milk (39.4 vs. 42.1 kg/d) and tended to decrease feed efficiency (1.53 vs. 1.61 kg of energy-corrected milk/kg of dry matter intake). Body weights and condition scores were not affected by treatments. Results suggest that diets containing minimal amounts of forage fiber and DDGS at 20% of diet DM will contribute to decreased milk production and milk fat depression. The addition of SC did improve milk and milk protein yields but did not prevent milk fat depression caused by DDGS. Production responses to SC were similar when cows were fed DDGS or non-DDGS diets.
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PMID:Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product in dairy cow diets containing dried distillers grains plus solubles. 2049 75