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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The symptoms of 81 premenopausal and 70 menopausal women were studied to determine the association with obesity, attitudes towards sexuality (ATS), and diverse hormone values: fasting and postprandial glucose (FG, PG) and insulin (FI, PI), cortisol, prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). The mean age of the women studied was 49.1 years. The frequency of symptoms was 35.4% for depression, 34.3% for nonspecific symptoms of depression (NSSD), 38.6% for empty nest syndrome (ENS), and 42.3% for anxiety. NSSD, ENS, FSH and cortisol levels all possessed higher values at late-menopausal stage. A multiple regression analysis revealed the following results; NSSD was associated to ATS (negative); sleep alterations were correlated to prolactin, FSH, PI/PG, FI/FG and waist/hip ratio; FSH was associated with both a decreased sexual interest and depression. In the study of hormone levels it was found that cortisol, insulin and FI/FG were associated with ATS; PI, cortisol, FI/FG and PI/PG were associated with body mass index (BMI) and FSH; prolactin and FI/FG were associated with age. We concluded that: (1) data indicative of insulin resistance correlated to both depression and sleep alterations; (2) overweight is related to NSSD, sleep alterations, and hormonal changes.
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PMID:Symptoms at the menopausal and premenopausal years: their relationship with insulin, glucose, cortisol, FSH, prolactin, obesity and attitudes towards sexuality. 883 92

This study was intended to characterize a rural population of older persons through nutrition screening and relate screening items to functional limitations and health care charges. There were 5373 participants (2522 males and 2851 females, mean age 71 y) screened over a 22-mo period by using a self-administered questionnaire adapted from the Nutrition Screening Initiative. Height and weight and cholesterol and albumin concentrations were measured, and health care claims data were obtained. The most frequent screening items reported were use of > or = 3 medications (41%) and food group intakes below recommended frequencies (> 50%). There were significant (P < 0.05) sex differences in affirmative responses to screening items and in likelihood of exceeding proposed threshold values for risk status assigned for body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2), albumin, or cholesterol. Overweight status was notable, with one-half of all subjects having BMIs > 27. Stepwise modeling procedures were used to identify screening items with the ability to predict self-reported functional limitation (logistic regression) and monthly average recorded health care charges (linear regression on logged charges). Age > or = 75 y, use of > or = 3 medications, and an albumin concentration < 35.0 g/L were significant predictors of both functional limitation and health care charges. Poor appetite, eating problems, income < $6000/y, eating alone, and depression were significant predictors of functional limitation but not health care charges. Being male, loss of 10 lb (4.5 kg), BMI > 27, cholesterol concentration < 4.14 or > 6.21 mmol/L, and functional limitation were significant predictors of health care charges only. These findings suggest that selected screening items may have be useful in the identification of subjects at potential risk for these outcomes.
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PMID:Nutrition risk screening characteristics of rural older persons: relation to functional limitations and health care charges. 932 56

This investigation assessed the hypothesis that early adolescent girls with more negative weight-related body images would report higher levels of depressive symptoms. The Beck Depression Inventory was administered, and measures of objective weight and four dimensions of weight-related body image were obtained: self-reported weight, subjective classification of weight from very underweight to very overweight, satisfaction with weight, and concerns about weight. The results indicated that the more subjective and personal measures of weight-related body image discontent--weight dissatisfaction and weight concerns--were associated with increased depressive symptoms, even controlling for objective weight status. These results are discussed in relation to the ontogenesis of body image and the place of body image in personality and the development of depression.
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PMID:Weight, weight-related aspects of body image, and depression in early adolescent girls. 936 Jul 35

It has been proposed that teenage girls often smoke cigarettes to protect themselves from the impulse to binge eat, with its feared weight-gain consequences, particularly when other measures such as greater dietary restraint have failed. The present study looked at the relationship between body mass index and standardised questionnaire responses concerning smoking, alcohol consumption, moods, weight changes, attitudes to body weight and shape, dietary patterns and menstruation in 1936 British (London) and 832 Canadian (Ottawa) schoolgirls. Data analysis revealed links between cigarette smoking and body weight/shape concerns, and awareness by subjects of these links; there was also a tendency for smokers in these two populations to be overweight but not grossly obese. Smoking was also related at all ages to being postmenarchal. The London population in particular revealed an association between smoking and a weight loss of 7 kg or more at some stage since puberty. Smoking was also linked, in a minority, with regular vomiting undertaken as a further defence against weight gain when overeating had occurred. These associations existed alongside the major and predictable association found between alcohol consumption and smoking. Similarities between the British and Canadian schoolgirls were striking in respect of rank order of reasons given for smoking and consequences of giving it up. Since smoking amongst older women is reportedly associated with below-average body weight it may indeed be effective in helping to curb weight gain. Our study provided little evidence of association between smoking and generalised anxiety or social anxiety (in either population), or depression (in the British cohort). We suggest that any preventive psychological approach to teenage female smoking should include attention to weight gain anxiety and consequent pursuit of thinness.
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PMID:Smoking and pursuit of thinness in schoolgirls in London and Ottawa. 1044 86

This article examined the prevalence of binge eating disorder (BED), obesity, and depressive symptomatology in a biracial, population-based cohort of men and women participating in a longitudinal study of cardiovascular risk factor development. The Revised Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns was used to establish BED status among the 3,948 (55% women, 48% Black) participants (age 28-40 years). Body mass index (BMI: kg/m2) was used to define overweight (BMI > or = 27.3 in women and > or = 27.8 in men). Depressive symptomatology was assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Study Depression Scale. Prevalence of BED was 1.5% in the cohort overall, with similar rates among Black women, White women, and White men. Black men had substantially lower BED rates. Depressive symptomatology was markedly higher among individuals with BED. Among overweight participants, BED prevalence (2.9%) was almost double that of the overall cohort. There were no differences in BED rates between over-weight Black and White women. Thus, BED was common in the general population, with comparable rates among Black women, White women, and White men, but low rates among Black men. Obesity was associated with substantially higher prevalence of BED. Treatment studies that target obese men and minority women with BED are indicated.
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PMID:Prevalence of binge eating disorder, obesity, and depression in a biracial cohort of young adults. 998 31

Nurses are not very well, according to a survey conducted among nurses in the northern region of Sydney. Smoking is the most common health risk. Fifty per cent of nurses smoke. This rate is double that of the population living in Northern Sydney. A tobacco knowledge questionnaire indicated nurses are not as well informed as they could be about the health consequences of smoking. As well, heavy smokers report the highest amount of severe anxiety. Nurses, especially young nurses, report considerable anxiety generated by the nursing profession and depression is common, specifically among the younger nurses. Sixteen per cent of nurses are severely overweight, 42% over 30 years of age are substantially overweight. Nurses also take more sleeping tablets and exercise less than people in the general population and are also more prone to respiratory tract infections, headaches and backaches. Some explanations of the poor health status of nurses are offered and ways of improving the health of nurses discussed.
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PMID:How are you, nurse? 1026 95

This study was designed to test the hypothesis that different types of dieting strategies are associated with different behavioral outcomes by investigating the relationship of dieting behaviors with overeating, body mass and mood. A sample of 223 adult male and female participants from a large community were studied. Only a small proportion of the sample (18%) was seeking weight loss treatment, though almost half (49.3%) of the subjects were significantly overweight (body mass index, BMI>30). Subjects were administered questionnaires measuring dietary restraint, overeating, depression and anxiety. Measurements of height and weight were also obtained in order to calculate BMI. Canonical correlation was performed to evaluate the relationship of dietary restraint variables with overeating variables, body mass, depression and anxiety. The strongest canonical correlation (r=0.65) was the relationship between flexible dieting and the absence of overeating, lower body mass and lower levels of depression and anxiety. The second strongest canonical correlation (r=0.59) associated calorie counting and conscious dieting with overeating while alone and increased body mass. The third canonical correlation (r=0.57) found a relationship between low dietary restraint and binge eating. The results support the hypothesis that overeating and other adverse behaviors and moods are associated with the presence or absence of certain types of dieting behavior.
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PMID:Flexible vs. Rigid dieting strategies: relationship with adverse behavioral outcomes. 1033 90

Overweight is often mentioned in causal relationship with various psychological problems and a lack of self-control. 438 randomly chosen subjects (selected from electoral registers or by random walk method)--men and women from Prague and the countryside--were divided according to their body weight into two groups, one with BMI equal or lower that 25, the other one with BMI higher than 25. 92.2 per cent of the subjects were overweight, 8 per cent had BMI higher than 30. Comparison of the two groups with lower and higher body weight based on a self-report questionnaire (GHQ, CAGE and some other items) showed differences between men and women. In men, with growing body weight the self-control in food intake decreased and problems related to lack of self-control increased significantly (smoking, problems with alcohol). On the contrary, women with overweight reported higher self-control in food intake (dieting) and had less problems with alcohol. The relationship between psychological problems (depression, anxiety) and overweight was not unequivocally proved. Men with higher body weight reported significantly less somatic problems in the GHQ. They also suffered comparatively less from depression and anxiety. The overweight women showed slightly more anxiety and significantly higher social dysfunction than women with normal body weight.
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PMID:The relationship between overweight and psychological problems in adult Czech population. 1035 30

To examine the effect of treatment-induced weight loss on Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQL), 38 mildly-to-moderately overweight persons recruited to participate in a study to examine the efficacy of a lifestyle modification treatment program completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36, as an assessment of HRQL), and underwent a series of clinical evaluations prior to treatment. After baseline evaluations, participants were randomly assigned to either a program of lifestyle physical activity or a program of traditional aerobic activity. Participants again completed the SF-36 and BDI after the 13-week treatment program had ended. Weight loss averaged 8.6 +/- 2.8 kg over the 13-week study. We found that weight loss was associated with significantly higher scores (enhanced HRQL), relative to baseline, on the physical functioning, role-physical, general health, vitality and mental health domains of the SF-36. The largest improvements were with respect to the vitality, general health perception and role-physical domains. There were no significant differences between the lifestyle and aerobic activity groups on any of the study measures. These data indicate that, at least in the short-term, weight loss appears to profoundly enhance HRQL.
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PMID:Impact of weight loss on health-related quality of life. 1047 59

The aim of the study was to assess the clinical picture of patients with sleep apnea syndrome (SAS). The study group consisted of 54 patients (51 men, 3 women) mean age 49.7 +/- 8.7 years, mean body mass index (BMI) 33.1 +/- 5.8. In all cases polisomnography confirmed the diagnosis of SAS. Mean apnea and hypopnea index (AHI) was 66.6 +/- 30.7 and mean minimum arterial blood oxygen saturation was 67.57 +/- 11.58%. It allowed us to qualify 69.4% of patients to the group with a severe SAS. Snoring (93%), apneas (83%), excessive daytime sleepiness (80%), morning weakness (81%), nycturia (66%) were the most common symptoms. The most frequently accompanying diseases in patients with SAS were overweight (89%), depression (67%), arterial hypertension (51%), impaired glucose tolerance (41%).
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PMID:[Clinical picture in sleep apnea syndrome]. 1054 May 85


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