Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fatigue is the subjective report of a sustained sense of exhaustion with reduced motivation and capacity for physical and/or mental activity. Although factors associated with fatigue have been explored in specific patient populations, minimal study has been devoted to exploring both the magnitude of fatigue and associated variables among women generally thought to be well. This cross-sectional, descriptive study examined the relationship of behavioral, socio-demographic, and emotional factors to subjective ratings of fatigue among women in the community who perceived themselves as being fatigued but otherwise healthy. A convenience sample of 155 adult women completed the Piper Fatigue Self-Report Scale (PFS), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and an investigator-designed questionnaire that collected behavioral and socio-demographic data. Correlation and regression analyses were used with fatigue as measured by the PFS as the outcome variable. Statistically significant relationships were noted between PFS and BDI scores as well as PFS and sleep pattern, rest quality, and perceived stress. Construction of a multiple regression model revealed an adjusted R2 of .43 with the BDI score serving as the major predictor variable for fatigue. Persistent fatigue is a consistent element in the lives of many women. As such it can significantly undermine women's quality of life.
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PMID:Persistent fatigue in well women. 748 51

Maintenance of cerebral perfusion pressure is a prerequisite for the prevention of cerebral ischemia. Physiological fluctuations in systemic perfusion pressure are compensated by cerebrovascular autoregulation. Cerebral hypoperfusion could result from (1) systemic hemodynamic failure (eg, distal to severe arterial stenosis), overcharging the vasoregulatory capacity; (2) dysfunction and exhaustion of cerebrovascular autoregulation; or (3) both. Ultrasound offers an excellent temporal resolution, is noninvasive, and is easily applicable for follow-up investigations. Despite its poor spatial resolution, transcranial Doppler sonography has been used for determination of cerebral perfusion reserve studies measuring cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) during hypercapnia or application of vasoactive agents (eg, acetazolamide). This approach evaluates vasomotor regulation in patients with hemodynamic compromise distal to severe stenosis or occlusion of the brain supplying arteries. Monitoring CBFV during tilt table examinations directly measures cerebral autoregulation. In patients with systemic orthostatic hypotension, maintainance or failure of cerebrovascular compensation and, even more importantly, cerebrovascular dysautoregulation, despite normal systemic blood pressure regulation, may be demonstrated. Vasoneuronal coupling is reflected by CBFV variations during appropriate neuronal stimulation. Neuronal dysfunction is associated with CBFV abnormalities as exemplified by preconditions of focal cerebral dysfunction in the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) in migraineurs with aura, where massive alteration of vasoneuronal coupling and ischemia is threatening during spreading depression. A highly significant asymmetric gain of vasoneuronal coupling in the interictal state may act as a trigger mechanism in these patients. Testing for vasoneuronal coupling within the middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory is more difficult due to the poor spatial resolution with various neuronal stimuli (eg, motorsensory or cognitive paradigms), only eliciting local neuronal areas underrepresented in the MCA CBFV global changes. However, motor stimulation evoked CBFV may be used to indicate dysintegration of vasoneuronal coupling in the course of acute cerebral ischemia with sensorimotor hemiparesis and, moreover, seems to be of prognostic value regarding the motor deficit.
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PMID:Cerebrovascular regulation and vasoneuronal coupling. 769

We examined whether the association of regional fat distribution with stress, defined in terms of vital exhaustion, and depression varies according to the total amount of body fat accumulation in healthy middle-aged men (n = 64). Regional fat distribution was measured using the waist-to-hip circumference ratio (WHR), and the total amount of body fat accumulation was measured using the body mass index (BMI). The results indicate that WHR in lean men was associated with characteristics contrary to those in moderately obese men. In lean men WHR tended to be associated with a high level of stress, while in moderately obese men an association was found with a low level of stress and a low level of depressive symptomatology. The present results support the suggestion that there is a difference between abdominal obesity at different degrees of generalized obesity, and they are likely to further our understanding about the differing risk for cardiovascular disorders posed by abdominal obesity in lean men compared to abdominal obesity in moderately obese men.
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PMID:Association of stress and depression with regional fat distribution in healthy middle-aged men. 773 33

The aim of this quasi-experimental study was to examine the effects of maternal pethidine during labour on the developing breast feeding behaviour in infants in the first 2 h after birth compared with infants not exposed to pethidine. Forty-four healthy infants were observed immediately after birth. They were placed skin-to-skin on their mothers' chests. The development of mouth and sucking movements as well as rooting behaviour and state of sleep/wakefulness were noted. The observer was blind as to the pain relief the mother had received during labour. Of the 44 mothers 18 had received pethidine. The main findings were that infants exposed to pethidine had delayed and depressed sucking and rooting behaviour. In addition, a smaller proportion of infants exposed to pethidine started to suckle the breast. Rooting movements which are expected to be vigorous at 30 min after birth were affected both by administration of pethidine and a longer second stage of labour. It is suggested that the differences found in sucking behaviour may be a central effect of pethidine. Depression of rooting movements in the pethidine group may be caused by exhaustion due to a longer second stage of labour and administration of pethidine. It is recommended that pethidine-exposed mother-infant couples stay together after birth long enough to enable the infant to make the choice to attach or not to attach to the nipple without the forceful helping hand of the health staff.
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PMID:Effects of maternal pethidine on infants' developing breast feeding behaviour. 775 97

A total of 704 general practitioners completed questionnaires enquiring about mental health problems (response rate = 82.0%). Excessive anxiety was reported by 31.1%, troublesome depression by 13.4%, exhaustion or stress (on three or more weekdays) by 60.7%, and sleep difficulties by 47.6%. General practitioners aged 40-49 years old were most likely to report anxiety, exhaustion or stress, sexual and sleep difficulties. Retired doctors reported mental health problems markedly less often. Predictive factors for anxiety were depression, one or more nights on-call per week, and exhaustion or stress; predictive factors for depression were anxiety, and exhaustion or stress; predictive factors for exhaustion or stress were anxiety, depression, no hobbies, paperwork on three or more evenings per week, and sleep difficulties. Gender, country of origin, being single-handed, excessive alcohol consumption, and having no coping methods were not predictive factors for mental health problems.
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PMID:Predicting mental health problems in general practitioners. 794 65

Our goal was to determine the level of burnout, depression, life and job satisfaction of Canadian emergency physicians. Six instruments were administered: the emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment intensity subscales of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI); the Centre for Epidemiologic Research Self-Report Depression Scale (CES-D); the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS); and the Emergency Physician Job Satisfaction Measurement Instrument (EPJS). Forty-six percent of the sample fell within the medium to high level of emotional exhaustion, 93% within the medium to high range for depersonalization, and 79% within the medium to low range for personal accomplishment. Sixty-one percent were satisfied with their lives, and 75.5% were satisfied with their jobs. Multiple regression analysis showed that increased age, being a department head, and increased weeks of holiday per year were positive contributors to EPJS scores (P < 0.05). Involvement in medical education, increased clinical hours worked per year, and region of residence-Quebec were negative contributors to EPJS scores (P < 0.05). Involvement in medical education is a significant factor among physicians experiencing depressive symptomatology. Time away from clinical practice is important to job satisfaction and emotional well-being.
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PMID:Burnout, depression, life and job satisfaction among Canadian emergency physicians. 796 6

This paper discusses the problem whether burnout is an evidence of a psychological distress subsequently resulting in a clear psychiatric disorder or can be deemed an already well-defined psychiatric syndrome. The aim of this study was: 1) To assess the frequency of psychological distress in two groups of subjects at high risk for burnout; such perceived psychological distress was self-rated as anxiety, depression or impulse dyscontrol by the subjects. 2) To evaluate whether subjects reporting anxiety, depression or impulse dyscontrol showed an higher emotional and mental exhaustion (EME); EME was intended as a marker of burnout. 3) To investigate relationships between self-reported psychoactive drug use or psychosomatic disorders and levels of EME score. 109 air traffic controllers (ATC) and 88 health service professionals (HSP) were given a questionnaire, the Rome burnout inventory (RBI) developed as an easy-to-administer, easy-to-complete self-rating tool to be filled out during breaks in working environments. RBI assessed: a) EME; b) physical exhaustion; c) social support by components of the social network; d) work- and non-work-related stressors; e) self-reported psychosomatic disorders and perceived psychological distress in terms of anxiety, depression, impulse dyscontrol; f) psychoactive drug use. EME was positively related to years in office and was higher in ATC independently from the different seniority between professional groups. By using a factorial ANOVA, subjects with self-reported psychological distress (anxiety, depression, impulse dyscontrol) showed higher levels of the EME score although these levels were not higher in individuals reporting psychoactive drug intake. These findings were the same in both the professional groups. Psychosomatic disorders were significantly more frequent in ATC (chi 2 with Yates' correction); this is likely to be due to an higher overall level of EME score in ATC but ATC and HSP with self-reported psychosomatic disorders did not show higher levels of EME score. There was a different way to refer to perceived psychological distress in the two professional groups. ATC mainly emphasized the role of impulse dyscontrol as a way to express the subjective feelings of an augmenting distress. Otherwise, HSP seemed to stress depression as the proper descriptor of their own psychological distress.
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PMID:[Mental distress, psychoactive drug use and psychosomatic disorders in two groups of subjects at high risk for the burnout syndrome]. 796 12

Instability of the system of detoxication of peroxidative products and system of generation of free-radical oxidation of membrane lipids in placenta, funic blood, in amniotic water of mothers with diabetes mellitus and in newborns blood has been found. It is shown, that the exhaustion of antioxidative status of fetoplacental complex connected with the depression of antioxidative activity in blood of the newborns reflects the frustration of adaptation reaction of the newborn's organism, that may increase the risk of perinatal diseases or mortality.
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PMID:[Role of antioxidant enzymes of the fetoplacental complex in neonatal adaptation to maternal diabetes mellitus]. 799 48

This study investigated burnout in air traffic controllers (ATC's). There were 109 Italian ATC's who filled out the Rome Burnout Inventory, a new tool for burnout assessment, during breaks in the working environment. The questionnaire assessed: 1) emotional-mental exhaustion (EME); 2) physical exhaustion (PE); 3) social support by components of the social network; 4) work- and nonwork-related stressors; 5) self-reported psychosomatic and psychiatric disorders. Our data show that the burnout syndrome is closely and positively related to age, years spent in air traffic control, professional dissatisfaction, and to work stressors, but not to nonwork stressors. In our sample, burnout was negatively correlated with social support provided by friends and family. The PE construct seemed to be unreliable in detecting physical burnout in Italian ATC's. Using analysis of variance, subjects with self-reported psychosomatic disorders did not show higher levels of EME scores. Further, EME was positively correlated with self-perceived psychological distress (anxiety, depression and impulse discontrol), but not with physician-rated psychopathology, as revealed by psychoactive drug intake. We suggest that burnout is a construct independent from clinical anxiety or depression.
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PMID:Burnout and health status in Italian air traffic controllers. 800 11

The relationships between psychosocial adjustment and subsequent glycaemic control were prospectively examined in forty-three adult patients during the first 2 yr after onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Decreasing depression was the single psychosocial parameter that changed over time. No correlations were found between the decrease in HbA1c levels and psychological variables at 8- and 16-month follow-ups. Global and specific coping features such as high control attitude, low coping anxiety and low emotional attribution correlated significantly with the decrease in HbA1c levels at the 2-yr follow-up, whereas stressful life events, depression, state-trait anxiety did not correlate. In a regression analysis coping explained 22% variance of the 2 yr decrease in HbA1c levels. We conclude that coping is a better predictor for metabolic control than emotional adaptation and life events. Metabolic control might deteriorate with prolonged stage of the disease being a first sign for psychophysiological coping exhaustion.
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PMID:Psychological moderator variables and metabolic control in recent onset type 1 diabetic patients--a two year longitudinal study. 802 64


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