Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The responses of hepatic and adipose tissue malic enzyme (ME), citrate cleavage enzyme (CCE), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), and glyceride synthetase (GS) to exercise training and exhaustive exercies and the potential of a high fat or high carbohydrate diet to modify these responses were studied in male Carworth rats. Characteristic elevation and depression of ME, CCE, and G6PD were decreased in skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissues of high carbohydrate-fed rats. A significant two-way diet-training interaction was indicated for hepatic ME and G6PD. This interaction resulted from an apparent training modulation of ME and C6PD responses to the high fat and high carbohydrate diets. Adipose tissue G6PD was significantly decreased by training. Exhaustive exercise performed immediately prior to sacrifice did not significantly alter ME or CCE activities in either liver or adipose tissues, but decreased adipose tissue G6PD in untrained rats. Exhaustion was also associated with decreased GS activity in muscle and liver. Physical training was associated with a significant increase in GS in muscle and adipose tissues. In contrast to glyceride synthesis, no increase in adipose tissue lipogenic potential was noted in response to training, indicating that the physically trianed rat may have an enhanced ability to store but not synthesize fatty acids.
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PMID:Lipogenesis and glyceride synthesis in the rat: response to diet and exercise. 111 99

An unusual neuropsychiatric disorder inherited in autosomal dominant fashion occurred in three successive generations of a family. Symptoms commenced late in the fifth decade in six affected patients and led to death in four to six years. The earliest and most prominent symptom was mental depression not responsive to antidepressant drugs or electroconvulsive therapy. This was accompanied by exhaustion, sleep disturbances, and marked weight loss. Later in the disease, symptoms of parkinsonism appeared, and respiratory failure occured terminally. The most recently affected family member was investigated biochemically late in his illness. Concentrations of taurine were greatly diminished in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid, and at autopsy, all regions of brain examined had a markedly reduced taurine content. Since taurine is a putative inhibitory synaptic transmitter, deficiency of brain taurine may possibly have caused the psychiatric and neurological manifestations of this disorder.
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PMID:Hereditary mental depression and Parkinsonism with taurine deficiency. 112 73

Can modern life foster more depression life? Neuroendocrine, epidemiological and even immunological approaches allow us to suppose a passage between stress and depression, far beyond the archetype of exhaustion depression (break down syndrome).
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PMID:[Stress and depression]. 134 46

A group of 24 Dutch World War II Resistance veterans with a documented traumatic war history and a (partially) positive diagnosis of current posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was studied. This special group of war victims is characterised by chronicity, suffering from intractable posttraumatic complaints for decades. They were treated with fluvoxamine (Fevarin), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor with antidepressive and anxiolytic properties. The study was designed as an open-ended, outpatient pilot study, with a treatment period of 12 weeks. Results of clinical examination, and questionnaires investigating PTSD, depression, sleeping problems, anxiety, and vital exhaustion indicate that a significant number of the subjects improved with respect to their PTSD symptomatology, and their symptoms of anxiety and vital exhaustion. However, at the end of the study, quantitative improvement was modest. The results indicate that treatment with fluvoxamine may offer alleviation of chronic PTSD symptoms, in particular insomnia, nightmares, anxiety, intrusive recollections, guilt feelings and tiredness.
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PMID:Fluvoxamine treatment for chronic PTSD: a pilot study. 141 Jan 91

Symptoms of depression in the majority of patients immediately following acute myocardial infarctions (AMI) resolve rapidly; they are an adjustment reaction. However, in a group of 552 male patients there were 80 (14.5%) patients with persistent major depressive symptoms during a finite period after AMI. Infarction size was assessed by maximum creatine kinase levels, the QRS-complex and the occurrence of late potentials. These measures did not correlate with the degree of depressed moods in these groups. An arrhythmic event in the early hospitalization phase, a recurrent infarction, dyspnoea, and persistent angina pectoris before the AMI were significantly related to more profound degrees of depression. Patients who reported serious life-events in the last 2 yr before AMI, or who suffered from exhaustion and fatigue in the prehospital phase were subject to significantly higher levels of depression. A prodromal phase prior to hospitalization free of bodily symptoms and the use of denial were related to low levels of depression. The logistic regression model incorporating all univariate significant variables revealed that symptoms of exhaustion and fatigue prior to AMI had the strongest independent correlation with post AMI depression.
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PMID:Factors which provoke post-infarction depression: results from the post-infarction late potential study (PILP). 143 62

All patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in a prospective, epidemiologically based study within a defined area in southern Sweden were invited to participate in an investigation of cardiac function. From 1981 to 1988, 101 patients were included in the study, and 75 of them were investigated according to a fixed protocol by echocardiography, Doppler cardiography, electrocardiography (ECG) at rest and at exercise, and myocardial scintigraphy (in patients whose ECG became abnormal during exercise). IgG anticardiolipin antibodies (IgG aCL) were determined by ELISA. Twenty of the 75 patients (27%) had valvular disease and 12 of these (60%) had increased concentrations of IgG aCL, compared with 12 of 55 (22%) without valvular disease (p less than 0.01). Pericardial effusion was detected in 14 patients (19%) during the study period. Mild pulmonary hypertension was found in 11 patients (16%), who also had increased frequency of IgG aCL. Myocardial infarction had occurred in 7 patients, 3 of whom were women less than 40 years of age. Echocardiography revealed regional hypokinesis or akinesis in 5 of the patients with myocardial infarction. Exercise testing revealed low work capacity in 13 of 54 patients (24%), the limiting symptoms being mainly exhaustion or musculoskeletal pain. An abnormal resting ECG was found in 9 of the patients participating in the exercise test. During exercise, abnormal ST-depression was observed in 8 patients, 2 of whom developed angina. Myocardial scintigraphy was performed in 6 of these patients, revealing reversible uptake defects in all. Prolonged glucocorticoid treatment was associated with valvular abnormalities as well as myocardial infarction. Valvular abnormalities and IgG aCL appeared to be risk factors for cerebral infarction.
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PMID:Cardiovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. A study of 75 patients form a defined population. 151 95

Japanese mothers who had newly diagnosed diabetic children responded with shock, defensive retreat, and increased anxiety. During this process, the degree of their isolation was shown as trauma. Although many mothers had a strong reaction and suffered depression, loss of weight, pain, and feelings of exhaustion, they adapted to the diagnosis by the end of 1 year. Compared with an American study (Hamburg & Inoff, 1983), some of the mothers' patterns of coping were similar to those used by mothers in the United States; others were related specifically to accepted Japanese cultural practices. They used several characteristic coping strategies: resignation, holding out, and believing in religion. Nurses need to be aware of the fact that mothers face a variety of psychological stress factors after their children are diagnosed as diabetic. They should be encouraged to feel and express a realistic hope.
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PMID:Japanese mothers' responses to the diagnosis of childhood diabetes. 156 26

Silent myocardial ischaemia is now well-recognised in patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease. Its pathogenesis remains speculative, though diminished sensitivity to pain is thought to be one of the mechanisms involved. Because cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction occurs frequently in diabetic patients, we postulate that it contributes towards painless myocardial ischaemia among them. Forty consecutive diabetic (type II) male patients and ten normal volunteers were studied. Using 5 previously-validated noninvasive tests for autonomic dysfunction, 14 of these diabetic men had definite autonomic neuropathy (at least 2 abnormal tests). All 50 subjects were then exercised on a motor-driven treadmill to either exhaustion or chest pains. Thirty-three diabetic subjects were tested positive, with significant (greater than 1 mm) ST segment depression over at least 2 contiguous leads. Of these, 18 were associated with typical angina but the other 15 stopped because of fatigue or exhaustion (ie painless). Thirteen subjects who had definite autonomic neuropathy (AN+) had positive exercise ECG tests-10 had painless ischaemia, and only 3 had angina. This contrasted with 15 patients who had painful ischaemia and 5 who had painless ischaemia among the group without (AN-)autonomic dysfunction (p = 0.0047, Fisher's exact test). There were no significant differences among the various groups for peak rate-pressure-product, all subjects attaining similar maximal oxygen consumption states during which ischaemic ST segment changes were noted (painful AN+: 21917 +/- 4753; painless AN+: 20117 +/- 6752; painful AN-: 16544 +/- 4063; painless AN-: 22220 +/- 4341, p = NS).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Association of diabetic autonomic neuropathy with painless myocardial ischaemia induced by exercise. 162 Nov 24

Excess fatigue, hopelessness, listlessness, loss of libido, increased irritability and problems with sleep have been found to increase the risk for a first non-fatal MI. These complaints are thought to reflect a state of 'vital exhaustion'. Most, if not all, of these feelings are also characteristic for subjects suffering from a depressive disorder. The aim of the present study was to explore whether a state of vital exhaustion is characterized more by depressed mood than by loss of vigour and excess fatigue. The Profile of Mood States was used to assess depressed mood, vigour and fatigue. Subjects monitored these factors themselves for a period of three weeks to circumvent retrospective recall bias and to investigate depressed mood, vigour and fatigue in a natural context. Current affective, cognitive, motivational and somatic symptoms of depression were further assessed retrospectively with the Beck Depression Inventory. The results with self-monitoring indicate that exhausted subjects suffer from loss of vigour and excess fatigue, while a depressed mood was almost absent. The retrospective assessment of symptoms of depression yielded similar results. It appeared that the most frequently reported symptoms were: 'fatigability', 'work inhibition', 'sleep disturbance' and 'loss of libido', while 'depressed mood', the key symptom for depressive disorders, was hardly mentioned. Based upon these results, we suggest that what we term 'vital exhaustion' is distinct from depression.
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PMID:Vital exhaustion and depression: a conceptual study. 168 Oct 98

Although the psychological disturbances accompanying Graves' disease are well known, the time required for normalisation of these disturbances during antithyroid drug treatment is not known. Therefore sequential psychological testing during the course of Graves' disease was done. There are also contradictory results concerning the possible correlation of neurophysiological and psychological test results during the course of Graves' disease with thyroid hormone values. Finally, psychological disturbances have been proposed as possible etiologic factors in Graves' disease. In our study, a significant decrease in anxiety and irritability could be observed at the time euthyroidism was achieved. Self-evaluations of depressivity, activity, exhaustion, well-being, extraversion, introversion, and the ability to concentrate changed 1 or 2 months after euthyroidism was induced. Similar test results could be observed after induction of euthyroidism by antithyroid drugs and subtotal thyroid resection. Therefore the mode of therapy does not seem to influence the course of normalisation of psychological parameters. In contrast to other investigations there was hardly any correlation between thyroid hormone values and psychological test results or the ability to concentrate. Nontheless, patients with Graves' disease showing high scores for depression and anxiety exhibit abnormal peripheral helper/suppressor T-lymphocyte relations. Furthermore, patients suffering from Graves' disease tend to be more anxious than controls. It remains to be determined whether an increased susceptibility to psychological disturbances has led to these alterations of lymphocyte subsets in Graves' disease patients with severe depression and anxiety.
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PMID:Sequential psychological testing during the course of autoimmune hyperthyroidism. 170 Jan 85


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