Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In infected fleas the agent of intestinal yersiniosis underwents a complex cycle of quantitative changes after each feeding. A species belonging of blood consumed greatly affected the dynamics of the agent abundance. The general peculiarity of the development of microbes in insects, which fed on various animals (white mice, Sirian hamsters, white rats and guinea pigs), is characterized by the decrease in the abundance of the agent during the first hours after feeding. This was followed by an active multiplication of microbes replaced by a new fall after which the abundance maintained on the level close to the initial one. A comparison of obtained results with the data on the digestion in fleas has shown that the phases of the primary dying off and depression of the agent falls within the intensive-decay of the food clot. The active multiplication proceeds at the end of digestion that may be promoted by the decrease in the fermentative activity and abundance of products of blood decay easily assimilated by microbes. The next fall in the agent's abundance and the absence of multiplication are associated with the exhaustion of the nutrient medium in the process of absorbtion and vital activity of microbes.
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PMID:[Changes in the numbers of the causative agent of intestinal yersiniasis (Yersinia enterocolitica) in Xenopsylla cheopis (Aphaniptera) fleas in the process of blood digestion]. 49 70

The influence of two different premedication methods on the psychic reaction of the patient and their somatic-vegetative effect was tested in a controlled double-blind study. 96 patients between the ages of 20 and 40 took part in the study and were divided into two groups. Group 1 (n = 47) received meperidine (Alodan) and promethazine (Phenergan). Group 2 (n = 49) were given thalamonal. All patients underwent a personality test (Cattell 16 PF) a day prior to scheduled surgery. After administration of the respective pre-anaesthetic drugs, three different test methods were applied to determine their subjective state. Simultaneously, independent from the patients, their psychic reactions were determined by the anaesthetist. Premedication 2 effected less calm, i.e. decrease of fear, exhaustion and depression, than premedication 1. The somatic-vegetative region exhibited no significant difference except for increased cardiocirculatory symptoms in group 1. Based on the less favourable psychodynamics in patients who received thalamonal, it is not advised as pre-anaesthetic medication.
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PMID:[A comparison of two preoperative medications: responses in sedative, psychic and somatic effects (author's transl)]. 53 51

An intensive course of drug treatment--combination of a major tranquilliser with two antidepressants--was used in 46 patients with endogenous depression and 31 with exhaustion depression, all of which had proved refractory to other forms of treatment. After one week intramuscular injection of the major tranquilliser, in order to relax the patient, intravenous infusion of the two antidepressants, clomipramine and maprotiline, was performed daily for 10-20 days, while the major tranquilliser was given orally during this period. Complete remission after 4-6 weeks was achieved in 70% of patients with endogenous depression and 48% with exhaustive depression. It is stressed that careful diagnosis and treatment by drug and psychotherapy are preconditions for the successful management of otherwise resistant depressions.
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PMID:[Management of treatment-resistant depression (author's transl)]. 62 81

The progressive exhaustion of the psychotropic effect of T.R.H. clinical and neuroendocrinological study. The study of a complicated clinical case permitted us to use T.R.H. because of the ineffectiveness of other psychotropic agents the patient (male, aged 38) was given previously. A major and atypical depressive state with severe anorexia was lasting from several months. T.R.H. was administered 3 times per day (at 8 h. 11 h and 14 h) as an intravenous injection of 0.5 mg of T.R.H. lasting 1 min. (total dose per day: 1.5 mg). From the 1st to 7th day the patient showed a market improvement) in the depression symptoms, followed by a light degradation observed from the 7th to 10th day. During a third phase, he showed wild improvement which was maintened stable from the 10th to the 21st day. Then, there was a progressive return to the state prior to T.R.H. period till the 30th day. This phase lasted up to the end of the therapeutic trial of T.R.H. These fluctuations of the depressive state were not found to be correalted with significant plasma-T.R.H. changes and seem to happen when changes in catecholamines and/or serotonin were not observed, according to methods used. Independently of various theoritical approaches concerning the mechanism of psychotropic T.R.H. action, it seems that its effect is exhausted progressively and rapidly.
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PMID:[Progressive exhaustion of the psychotropic effect of T.R.H. Clinical and neuroendocrinologic study]. 82 47

Methods of quantitative cytochemical analysis were applied to the study of the reaction of the hypothalamohypophysial neurosecretory system (HHNS) to single and course administrations of lithium chloride (in doses of 200 mg/kg). Reaction of the HHNS proved to depend directly on the amount of lithium administered and was characteriaed by the activation of the synthesis and elemination of the neurosecretion with a single administration on the preparation, or depression of the hormonopoiesis in the hypothalamus and exhaustion of the neurosecretion stores in the neurohypophysis in its course application. During the restoration (7 to 30 days after stopping the drug administration) the state of the HHNS gradually approached the initial level. The authors came to the conclusion that the changes in the central mechanisms of the neuro-endocrine regulation at the hypothalamic level caused by lithium were significant in the pathogenesis of the side-action of its salts
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PMID:[Effect of lithium chloride on the rat hypothalamus neurosecretory system]. 85 31

Atrioventricular refractory periods and their modifications induced by variable doses of sioprenaline have been investigated in dogs. Premature atrial stimuli (St2) were applied at variable intervals following regular stimuli (St1) which ensured atrial pacing. Atrial (AERP), nodoventricular (NERP) and global (GERP) effective refractory periods, as well as the global functional refractory period (GFRP) were determined before, during and after infusion of the drug. In low doses, isoprenaline did not significantly alter these various parameters. This confirms its lack of dromotropic effect on the healthy heart. In contrast, high doses of the drug significantly reduced the refractory periods, probably by simple correction of the negative dromotropic effects resulting from overstimulation. Also when the infusion was stopped, marked but reversible conduction depression was observed. It would appear that this reflects 'exhaustion' of cell metabolism induced by the drug.
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PMID:Isoprenaline and canine cardiac refractory periods. 96 1

In 30 experiments in isolated canine hearts perfused with whole donor blood disorders in myocardial contractions were studied following the termination of paired stimulation. It was concluded that the cause of depression of cardiac contractions following paired stimulation is not myocardial hypoxia and energy reserve exhaustion during enhanced mechanical activity of the heart, but a dissociation of the electric and mechanical processes in the myocardium; switching off the second (stand-by) action potential together with the termination of the paired stimulation caused disorders in the regimen of coupling processes that have established themselves under this form of electric stimulation. This suggestion is supported by the fact that repeated paired stimulation during depression is capable of producing the same stimulating effect upon the cardiac contractions as the initial one. The depression was eliminated by the administration of potassium ions and catecholamines.
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PMID:[Analysis of depression of contractions of the isolated dog heart following paired stimulation]. 101 51

Neurotic depression covers all forms triggered by exogenous factors, often in conjuction with an underlying personality disposition, and includes reactive, exhaustion and neurotic depression. A feeling of sadness and loss of affection is generally present, together with anxiety provoked by insecurity and apprehension. The complexity of the picture makes treatment of the overall situation difficult with one drug only. For this reason, a series of 25 patients aged 31 to 67 yr with syndromes classifiable as neurotic depression were treated with 2 to 6 daily administrations of an association of 25 nortryptiline and 1 mg trifluoperazine. Analysis of the behaviour of a number of target symptoms showed the effectiveness of the association. There were virtually no side-effects. Success was obtained in the management of anxiety, loss of appetite, depression, irritability, weeping, failure to adapt, and remissiveness, especially in the first week of treatment.
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PMID:[Pharmacological treatment of neurotic depressions]. 105 13

With the aid of insulin-tolerance and arginine tolerance tests (ITT and ATT, respectively) somatotropic function of the hypophysis was assessed in 18 patients with hypophyseal nanism and in 12--with gonad dysgenesis. A marked delay in development and a premature exhaustion of the STH secretion was noted in the patients wiht hypophyseal nanism. In patients with gonad dysgenesis the STH secretion was somewhat redeced during the ITT. A change in the STH secretion was accompanied by a parallel depression of insulin secretion during the ATT. Patients with hypophyseal nanism displayed a correlation between the extent of growth delay and the value of the STH secretion during the ITT (R=0.6, P smaller than 0.05).
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PMID:[Assessment of the somatotropic function of the hypophysis in patients with hypophyseal nanism and gonadal dysgenesis by using the insulin-tolerance and arginine-tolerance tests]. 109 47

The effect of breathing 100 ppm of carbon monoxide versus compressed, purified air for 1 h on maximal treadmill exericse was studied (double-blind crossover design) in 10 middle-aged, healthy nonsmokers. The mean venous carboxyhemoglobin level significantly increased from 1.67% to 3.95% after breathing carbon monoxide (P less than 0.001) and significantly decreased from 1.63% to 1.30% after breathing compressed, purified air (P less than 0.001). The mean exercise time until exhaustion significantly decreased from 697.7 to 662.7 s after breathing carbon monoxide (P less than 0.001) and insignificantly increased from 694.9 s to 703.4 s after breathing compressed, purified air. Ischemic S-T segment depression larger than or equal to 1.0 mm after exercise occurred in 1 of 10 subjects after exercise following carbon monoxide inhalation. Increased carboxyhemoglobin levels of the magnitude encountered after smoking or heavy atmospheric pollution impair exercise performance in normal persons.
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PMID:Effect of carbon monoxide on maximal treadmill exercise. A study in normal persons. 110 62


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