Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An inventory of 69 somatic discomforts was used to identify those discomforts most likely to be concurrent with a clinically severe depression in a sample of 223 recently hospitalized women. The inventory provided scores for each of 15 classes of discomfort. The classes of discomfort with the highest average score for the depressed sample at admission also yielded significantly lower scores for a nonpatient control sample (P less than .05). The four classes of discomfort most pertinent to depression were designated autonomic, wakefulness, dry mouth, and fatigue. The items of discomfort contributing to these classes showed a statistically significant diminution in severity during treatment (P less than .05).
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PMID:Somatic discomforts among depressed women. 10 3

A case report is described wherein the monoamine oxidase inhibitor phenelzine was administered for 10 months at different doses. Drug treatment in the initial part of the study was double blind. Weekly psychotherapy was instituted at the point of symptomatic recovery. At a reduced dose, in month 3, the patient experienced a relapse in depression. While platelet monoamine oxidase inhibition was greater than 80 per cent the patient was well, but at the point of relapse, inhibition was 14 per cent. Clinical ratings at relapse (Beck and SCL-90 scales) revealed greater readiness by the patient to report psychological discomfort compared with the original interview. The combined effects of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy were felt to be responsible for this change. However, psychotherapy in this form and duration did not prevent relapse, which depended upon maintaining an adequate dose of phenelzine.
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PMID:Single case study. Complementary effects of phenelzine and psychotherapy in long term treatment of depression. 11 5

175 women of reproductive age, with hirsutism of differing degrees and different pathogenetic causes (ovarian, adrenal, iatrogenic) or idiopathic, and acne were treated with two different combinations of Cyprotrone acetate and ethinyl estradiol (SH 8.1041 and SH B209AB). 90 patients were given SH 8.1041 and 10 were given SH B209AB. 75 received both preparations. The total number of treatment cycles was 1534. Clinical, hormonal and biochemical assessments were made before, during and after treatment. The degrees of hirsutism and acne, and of seborrhea and hair loss when present, were scored by means of a modified version of the Ferriman and Gallway criteria. SH 8.1041 brought about a significant improvement in the majority of the patients. SH B209AB was generally used as maintenance therapy for hirsutism and severe acne. It was the initial treatment of choice in patients with milder acne. Reduction of hirsutism was usually apparent after the fourth cycle of therapy and acne regressed after the first month. Both combinations were well-tolerated biochemically. In a few patients on SH 8.1042, slight and transient increases in BSP, SGOT, SGPT and bilirubin were observed, but cessation of treatment was not necessary. Some patients on SH 8.1041 complained of transient frigidity, mild depression, breast discomfort and nausea.
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PMID:Treatment of hirsutism and acne in women with two combinations of cyproterone acetate and ethinylestradiol. 14 May 76

Prevalence rates of various side effects were studied comparatively among 3 oral contraceptive preparations containing 50 mcg of the estrogen component. Norinyl 1/50, Ovral, and Norlestrin 1 were each randomly assigned to groups of 160 healthy women who had consented to participate in the study designed to quantitate probabilities of experiencing specific side effects and of their continuing into the subsequent cycles. Acne, breast discomfort, nausea, abdominal bloating, headache, fatigue, depression, irritability, vaginal discharge, and breakthrough bleeding were the specific side effects studied; only breakthrough bleedings showed a statistical difference in prevalence. The rate of breakthrough bleeding associated with Ovral use in the 1st 3 cycles (16.6%) was significantly (P .05) lower than that associated with using either Norinyl or Norlestrin (46% and 51.7%, respectively). Norelestrin, aside from breakthrough bleeding, was reported as generally freer of side effects than the other 2 preparations. The probabilities of side effects being experienced in the 2nd or 3rd cycle after the effect(s) was experienced in the 1st cycle showed that overall, for all 3 combination pills, the probabilities significantly decreased from the 2nd to the 3rd cycle (P .05). Also examined was the probability that a side effect would occur in the 2nd or 3rd cycle if the user had not experienced such an effect in the 1st cycle. In each instance, the probabilities are significantly lower (P .05) than the corresponding probabilities where the symptom had been experienced in a previous cycle. These data support the contention that side effects experienced on inititation of oral contraceptives should not prohibit its continuation because the majority of symptoms will disappear as the patient becomes accustomed to the hormonal preparation.
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PMID:The probability of side effects with ovral, norinyl 1/50 and norlestrin. 16 Aug 60

This study investigated an hypothesis which states that primiparas who have had a previous elective abortion would experience a higher incidence of depressive reactions postpartum that primiparas who had not. The experimental group consisted of 48 gravida 2, para 1, and the control group of gravida 1, para 1 included 25 women. All were interviewed 6-8 weeks postpartum, and data were tabulated in a 2 x 2 table. A chi-squared test of the hypothesis was equivalent to a significance level of P=.39, with a 1-tailed test and with 1 degree of freedom. Therefore, the data showed no significant differences between the 2 groups studied. This was further supported by the low coefficient of contingency (C=.03) which indicated little correlation between depression and prior abortion. In addition, there were no differences among the 2 groups in mean depressive scores with respect to other variables such as planned pregnancy, preferred infant sex, identified obstetrical problems, help at home, the baby blues, or an identified sad event. Spontaneous comments from the previously aborted women suggested that anxiety during pregnancy concerning the infants' health was a greater source of discomfort than was postpartum depression.
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PMID:The relationship between previous elective abortions and postpartum depressive reactions. 25 66

In 52 patients undergoing tests of cell-mediated immunity before surgical resection of bronchial carcinoma a positive tuberculin test result was found in 71% compared with 68% of age- and sex-matched controls. Sensitisation to DNCB occurred in 52% of 37 patients but in 78% of controls. There was depression of lymphocyte transformation by PPD in 19 patients compared with controls (P=0.001), but there was no difference in lymphocyte transformation by PHA or pokeweed mitogen between 34 patients and controls. In a pilot study patients were randomly allocated to autograft (eight) or non-autograft (seven) groups. The autograft group were given an intradermal injection of a suspension of irradiated autologous tumour-cells mixed with intradermal BCG on the day of operation. Tests of cell-mediated immunity were repeated two weeks after operation. Five patients in each group received a course of radiotherapy to the mediastinum three weeks after operation. There was a rise in cutaneous tuberculin reactivity (P=0.08) and total leucocyte count (P=0.09) in the autograft group postoperatively with a fall in total lymphocyte and T lymphocyte counts in the non-autograft group (P less 0.05). These differences, however, were not followed by any difference in the frequency of tumour recurrence or the survival rate two years after operation. The results show that the immunological surveillance mechanism is impaired even in patients with early bronchial carcinoma and that it is possible to overcome postoperative immunological depression with specific immunotherapy combined with BCG. This treatment did not produce any clinical advantage in this small number of patients and the skin lesions caused the patients considerable discomfort.
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PMID:Cell-mediated immunity in operable bronchial carcinoma: the effect of injecting irradiated autologous tumour cells and BCG. 44 2

Rest and exercise ECGs are the most widely used "noninvasive" tests for detecting coronary heart disease, but their sensitivity and specificity are suboptimal. Therefore, the diagnostic value of myocardial perfusion scanning using thallous chloride Tl 201 during rest and stress electrocardiography was examined in 95 patients with a chest discomfort syndrome. Overall, thallous chloride Tl 201 perfusion scanning had a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 91% for coronary heart disease compared with 56% sensitivity and 86% specificity with exercise-induced ST segment depression on the ECG. Combining rest and stress ECGs resulted in a sensitivity of 71%. In patients with coronary heart disease, perfusion scanning had a sensitivity of 93% for asynergy compared with 58% for exercise-induced ECG ST depression. Rest and stress myocardial perfusion scanning with thallous chloride Tl 201 provides improved sensitivity with good specificity in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease compared with exercise electrocardiography alone.
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PMID:Extent and severity of coronary heart disease. Determinations by thallous chloride Tl 201 myocardial perfusion scanning and comparison with stress electrocardiography. 44 66

Ovamin 30, a new low-dose oral contraceptive (OC) containing 30 mcg of ethinyl estradiol and 2 mg of ethynodiol diacetate, was evaluated for efficacy and acceptability in a group of women (504 patients; 3236 woman months of use) requesting OCs from their general practitioner. 39 patients withdrew from the study because of side effects which could reasonably be associated with the pill (excessive/irregular bleeding, amenorrhea, depression/headache, and breast discomfort/weight gain), and only 18 of these were menstrual disorders. 12 patients withdrew from the trial to conceive. 1 involuntary pregnancy occurred, and 58 patients were lost to follow-up. An early establishment of acceptable bleeding cycles was maintained in later cycles. The pregnancy rate for this preparation by the Pearl Index was .4/100 woman years with 95% confidence limits of .01-2.24. Ovamin 30 appeared to be an effective and well tolerated low-estrogen OC, and further studies may determine whether side effects are reduced with 30-mcg products as opposed to those containing 50 mcg of estrogen.
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PMID:An open assessment of a new low dose oestrogen combined oral contraceptive. 62 4

Twenty patients with ischemic heart disease documented by coronary angiograms or ST segment depression in the ECG during treadmill walking, were administered sublingual nitroglycerin 0.3 to 0.6 mg on one occasion and a chewable form of isosorbide dinitrate 5 mg on another occasion during treadmill walking when anginal discomfort was definitely present at a mild degree of intensity. Despite continued walking at a constant speed and grade, angina was relieved in all patients, completely in most patients, partially in a few. The average time from administration of the medication to onset to relief was 74.7 seconds for nitroglycerin and 107.6 seconds for chewable isosorbide dinitrate. Average time to complete relief or maximal incomplete relief was 190.3 seconds for nitroglycerin and 315.1 seconds for chewable isosorbide dinitrate. Ischemic electrocardiographic changes were reverted toward normal by nitroglycerin in 13 subjects and by isosorbide dinitrate in 15. The differences in onset to complete relief were all statistically significant indicating that nitroglycerin is more rapid in its action than is chewable isosorbide dinitrate.
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PMID:Effectiveness of isosorbide dinitrate and nitroglycerin in relieving angina pectoris during uninterrupted exercise. 80 37

In 20 patients undergoing a rhinoplasty or rhytidectomy under local anesthesia combined with intravenous sedatives and hypnotics, fairly satisfactory operating conditions were obtained. This technique was associated with respiratory depression and hypoxia, however, with statistically significant elevations in the arterial carbon dioxide tensions, and depressions in the arterial oxygen tensions. We now advocate the routine use of supplement oxygen and periodic deep breathing during the operation, and in the immediate postoperative period. We will continue to advise the use of general anesthesia in patients with cardiopulmonary disease. The mental detachment and inability to articulate discomfort during the procedure are major disadvantages to the use of fentanyl and droperidol in these patients.
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PMID:Blood gas and hemodynamic effects of sedatives and analgesics when used as a supplement to local anesthesia in plastic surgery. 93 76


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